Thorsen Guide ch 16,17, and18 - Andy
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THE 101: Introduction to Christian Theology Thorsen chapters 16, 17, 18 Chapter Sixteen: How is Jesus Christ?
1. Inductive and Deductive approach to Scripture; Explain each approach.
Inductive approach to Scripture is based on drawing conclusions from the text itself. Deductive approach to Scripture relies on pre-
existing beliefs or assumptions. 2. What presuppositions do we bring to understanding Jesus?
Personal experiences, preconceptions, and biases are all presuppositions we bring to understanding who Jesus is. These can alter our
understanding of the text and the historical side of Jesus. 3. We can get a glimpse of who Jesus is through Scripture and the historicity of his life and identity. Cite examples of this. Scripture: In the Gospel of Mark, Jesus performs many miracles, such as healing the sick and feeding the hungry, which demonstrates his divine power and compassion for others. Historicity: Many historical accounts of Jesus mention his reputation as a healer and miracle worker, suggesting these stories were widely known and believed in this time. 4. Nativity. Define
Nativity means birth. The Nativity is the story of Jesus’ birth and is recounted in the book of Matthew and Luke. 5. Jesus. What does the name mean?
Jesus is derived from the Hebrew name Yeshua, meaning salvation or deliverer. 6. How does Jesus’ birth distinguish Jesus from other people and for the unique mission he was to fulfill?
Jesus was conceived through the action of the Holy spirit by a virgin named Mary. In Scripture it says that he grew and became srong, he was filled with wisdom and the grace of God was upon him. Wisdom from the lord and God’s grace made all the difference. This helps to provide and image of what differentiates Jesus from others. 7. His birth signifies the incarnate nature of Jesus. Explain.
The birth of Jesus represents the incarnation of God in human form. This concept explains that Jesus is the embodiment if God in flesh and blood. Although he is human, he is still seen as the divine son of God. 8. Mystery of Jesus’ incarnate nature constitutes one of the major affirmations of the ecumenical creeds. List the name of one of the Creeds.
The Nicene Creed. 9. Original sin. Define.
Original sin is defined as a sin nature, or propensity to sin, inherited from Adam. 10. Transmission of original sin. Define.
The transmission of original sin is the doctrine that original sin passed down from generations through human nature. 11. Virgin birth. Explain.
Virgin birth is the doctrine that Jesus was born of a virgin, Mary, and that he did not have a human father. 12. Mariology. Define. Mariology is the study of the virgin Mary, the mother of Jesus. 13. Immaculate Conception. Explain.
Immaculate conception is the doctrine that Mary was born without original sin from the moment of her conception. 14. Mary is honored not worshipped in the Catholic Church with religious feasts, devotions and special titles. Explain.
Mary is honored and not worshipped in the Catholic church because worship is reserved only for God. She is honored for her unique role in God’s plan for salvation. 15. Protestants have a high regard for Mary but do not honor her to the same extent as Catholics. Explain.
16. Discuss what is known about the early life of Jesus.
The gospels of Matthew and Luke both include stories of Jesus’ birth and childhood, although the early life of Jesus as a whole is not well documented. 17. Discuss what is known about the adult life of Jesus.
The adult life of Jesus is well documented with accounts of his ministry, miracles, and teachings in the Gospels. HE was a very popular teacher, healer, and preacher. He traveled the world to spread the word of God. 18. Why was Jesus baptized? Explain.
Jesus was baptized simply as an act of obedience to god’s purposes. 19. Temptation. Define.
Temptation is defined as the enticement to evil or sin, a test of faith and commitment. 20. Discuss the sinlessness of Jesus.
Jesus was a sinless being because he was seen to have inherited divinity. It was also seen that he could not sin, rather he just did not sin. 21. Jesus’ ministry was a popular, grassroots type movement. Explain.
Jesus preached gospel to the poor and marginalized, and he challenged the religious and political authorities of his day.
22. When Jesus encountered confrontation who was it most often between? Why?
Jesus had conflicts with many kinds of people, for example the conflict between the Pharisees and the Sadducees. They were among the religious authorities at the time and frequently provoked hum. 23. Sometimes Jesus spoke about how God’s kingdom had already arrived, but the fullness
of God’s kingdom had not yet arrived. What does this mean?
God’s kingdom is present during any time we are doing the right thing or see God at work, however its not complete until all sin and suffering is eliminated from the world. 24. Parables. Define. What might be included in parables?
Parables are stories told to convey spiritual, moral, or commonsense lessons and can be in the form of riddles, metaphors, or narratives. Parables instructed people about morality and salvation and challenged them to reflect their values and practices as they relate to god. 25. Gospel. Define
Gospel is defined as the good news about salvation and reconciliation with God, that comes through faith in Jesus Christ and repentance from sin. 26. Jesus experienced the limitations of human existence that others experience. Explain.
27. Passover. Define.
Passover is a sacred holiday observed by Judaism. Passover preserves the history of the Israelites and their departure from Egypt. 28. Miracles. Define.
Miracles is defined as an extraordinary achievement or event that exceeds natural agency, which attests to a divine power that transcends ordinary human or natural power. 29. Miracles of Jesus. Cite three examples from Scripture. Cite the scripture reference.
1. Jesus Calms a Strom (Luke 8:22-25) One day he got into a boat with his disciples, and he said to them, "Let us go across to the other side of the lake." So, they set out,23and as they sailed, he fell asleep. And a windstorm came down on the lake, and they were filling with water and were in danger.24And they went and woke him, saying, "Master, Master, we are perishing!" And he awoke and
rebuked the wind and the raging waves, and they ceased, and there was a calm.25He said to them, "Where is your faith?" And they were afraid, and they marveled, saying to one another, "Who then is this, that he commands even winds and water, and they obey him”
2. Feeds the Five Thousand (Matthew 14:13-21) 18 Bring them here to me, he said.19And directed the people to sit down on the grass. Taking the five loaves and two fish and looking up to heaven, he gave thanks and broke the loaves. Then he gave them to the disciples, and the disciples gave them to the people.20They all ate and were satisfied, and the disciples picked up twelve basketfuls of broken pieces that were left over.21Thenumber of those who ate were about five thousand men, besides women and children (Matthew 14:18-21)
3. Heals a Man with a Demon (Mark 5:1-21) "6 And when he saw Jesus from afar, he ran and fell down beforehim.7And crying out with a loud voice, he said, "What have you to do with me, Jesus, Son of the Most High God? I adjure you by God, do not torment me."8For he was saying to him, "Come out of the man, you uncleanspirit!"9And Jesus asked him, "What is your name?" He replied, "My name is Legion, for we are many."10And he begged him earnestly not to send them out of the country.11Now a great herd of pigs was feeding there on the hillside,12and they begged him, saying, "Send us to the pigs; let us enter them."13 So he gave them permission. And the unclean spirits came out and entered the pigs; and the herd, numbering about two thousand, rushed down the steep bank into the sea and drowned in the sea (Mark 5:6-13)
Chapter Seventeen: The Incarnation
1. Perhaps the most unmistakable feature of the life of Jesus is the centrality and depth of his relationship to God. Cite examples.
1. Romans 12:1"suggest, it means dying to self and allowing the Lord to take complete charge; it means by faith surrendering the right to run one's life to the control and will of God. To put it another way, commitment means the dedication of one's life to the revealed will of God; it means the desire and willingness to choose for the Lord and His values regardless of the cost. In essence then, it is a single-minded devotion which entails loving the Lord with all one's heart. It means putting Him first and thereby seeking first the kingdom of God, i.e., the reign and rule of God in one's life.
2. Ecclesiastes 3:17-17I said to myself, "God will bring into judgment both the righteous and the wicked, for there will be a time for every activity, a time to judge every deed.
2. Incarnation. Define the word. Incarnation is defined as the embodiment in flesh, specifically the belief that Jesus, wile remaining fully divine, became at the same time fully human. 3. The doctrine of incarnation. Explain.
4. Paradox. Define.
Paradox is defined as an apparent contradiction, a true statement that exhibits a sometimes irresolvable tension between divergent concepts or realities.
5. Why is the incarnation considered to be a paradox?
The incarnation is considered to be a paradox because the Son who made all things becomes one with his creation. God became a man, we can see both his humanity and his divinity.
6. What does it mean to think of Jesus as being fully human and fully divine? Perhaps it would be better to consider what problems would arise, if we only thought of Jesus as being divine? Or, if we only thought Jesus as being human?
Thinking of Jesus as being fully divine means that he is omniscient. According to the Gospel of John 1:1, Jesus is identified as
the Word of God, which shows that Jesus is considered as eternal and has always existed. When we only thought of Jesus as
being divine in a sense, the first defense of the Trinity doctrine is to say that the Son was only temporary, subordinate to the Father while He was on earth. He was equal to the Father before His incarnation and became equal with the Father after He returned to heaven. Jesus was born to the virgin Mary, although this is a mysterious phenomenon, he was born a human (Matthew 1:18 - 2:23; Luke 1:26 - 56, 2:1- 40. Secondly, Jesus grew up in a normal human way: " The child grew and became strong; he was filled with wisdom, and the grace of God was upon him (Luke 2:40). " We aren't told much about his childhood, but the Gospel of Luke does include an account about him when he was 12 years old (Luke 2:41 - 51). And from there, he continued to grow into an adult: " Jesus grew in wisdom and stature, and in favor with God and men " (Luke 2:52).
Jesus was born fully human and grew up fully human with divine association and intervention.
7. Arianism. Explain this view of who Jesus is.
Arianism view of who Jesus is, Jesus is considered to be inferior rather than equal to God the Father. Jesus may have been the greatest creation of God, but Jesus was human not divine. 8. Council of Chalcedon described Jesus as being “truly God and truly man.” Explain.
It means that Jesus was fully God. He was not just a human being who had been given special powers by God, nor was he a divine being who had taken on the appearance of a human being. Rather, he was God in the flesh - the eternal Son of God who had become human and lived among us.
9. Consubstantial. Define.
Consubstantial is defined as of the same substance or essence. Chapter Eighteen: The Works of Jesus Christ
1. Atonement. Define.
Atonement is defined as a sacrifice that brings reconciliation between people and God. Like Jesus’ death on the cross for the sake of other peoples sins. 2. Which view of atonement impresses you most? How can we learn from other views of atonement?
The most compelling view of atonement for me is the Moral Influence theory, in this Christ's life, death, and resurrection showed humans the true nature of love to lead them back to God. The work of Christ centers around the demonstration to the world, how amazing the depth of God's love for our sinful humanity. We can learn a lot from other perspectives by understanding the context of
atonement. Even though they have different perspectives on atonement, they all agree on one point: when a loved one dies and sorrow and despair have taken over our hearts, we can find comfort in knowing that our loved ones will be reunited and continue their eternal progression because of Jesus Christ's atoning sacrifice.
3. What does it mean for Christians to be Christocentric?
Christocentric is a doctrinal term in Christianity that describes theological positions that focus on Jesus Christ, the second person of the Christian Trinity, in relation to God, God the Father, or the Holy Spirit. Christ centered theology makes Christ the central theme around which all other theological positions or teachings revolve.
The Christocentric principal advocates that we interpret all scripture considering God's full and final revelation in Christ.
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