Journal Article Critique

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JOURNAL ARTICLE CRITIQUE 1 Journal Article Summary and Critique Marissa Akers Indiana Wesleyan University: CNS 504

JOURNAL ARTICLE CRITIQUE 2 Journal Article Summary and Critique The article Integrating Narrative and Action Processes in Group Counseling Practice: A Multimodal Approach for Helping Clients by Westwood & Ewasiw (2011) discusses a two- tiered, group-based counseling practice aimed to produce change in clients. First, clients participate in a guided group interview, dubbed guided autobiography (GA), to write narratives of their life stories, categorized by themes. Those stories, shared orally within the group, are then used to identify critical events “directly related to the formation of the dis-integrated self” (p. 79). The second tier, therapeutic enactment (TE), is a five-phase approach in which group members reenact one another’s critical events in order to re-experience the “thoughts, feelings, and actions” (p. 80) associated with the event with the goal of redefining one’s story and restoring a sense of self. The entire approach is paralleled with the Stages of Change model (Prochaska et al., 2011) “to illustrate how integration through a multisystem approach can create synergy and facilitate multilevel and multidimensional therapeutic change for the client” (Westwood & Ewasiw, 2011, p. 85). This practice is suggested for adequately functioning adults. Strengths There are many identifiable strengths in this group counseling approach. First, the opportunity to write one’s life story before sharing allows a group member to organize what he wants to impart, and rehearse that contribution before presenting it to the group. “As such, (clients) have a sense of control over their experience” (Westwood & Ewasiw, 2011, p. 81). Also, group safety and trust is developed as members share their stories and their reactions, and the leader builds upon that security with activities targeted toward improving group cohesion, a quality necessary for effective group work (Corey, 2018). This cohesion becomes vital as group members both direct and play the roles of key figures in one another’s reenactments of critical

JOURNAL ARTICLE CRITIQUE 3 events where raw, perhaps unconscious, thoughts and feelings emerge and are confronted. Finally, the parallel structure with the Stages of Change ensures that the clients experience an actual transformation. Weaknesses One weakness in each tier of this practice might make that transformation more difficult to experience. First, while the editing of one’s life story in the GA tier allows for rehearsal and control, it also allows does not allow for spontaneity. Clients might benefit from the unstructured, unedited release of thoughts and feelings that they would experience in a group environment without rehearsal. Second, if group cohesion is not strong, it seems likely that group members would be uncomfortable playing roles in other members’ life stories in the TE phases, especially if those members had strong reactions to their life stories on display. To combat these weaknesses, a group leader trained and skilled both in guiding clients through their critical events and in building group cohesion would be necessary. This practice would be useful for those who want to gain insight into how the pivotal events of their lives have affected their past and present and will affect their futures. The approach would lend itself well to either a time-limited group or especially a long-weekend retreat. Being able to immerse oneself both in gaining appreciation for others’ experiences and in realizing the impact of one’s past, and of healing from it, would be a powerful experience, and one that would be beneficial to any satisfactorily functioning adult seeking to strengthen his mental and emotional health. Conclusion In conclusion, this multimodal approach to helping clients seems sound, especially since it is supported by the Stages of Change. With properly trained leaders and group members who

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JOURNAL ARTICLE CRITIQUE 4 are willing to be vulnerable, true change could take place. Participating as a group member, especially if the experience were offered as a retreat, is attractive, as one might expect a renewed focus on both his outlook on life and its meaning.

JOURNAL ARTICLE CRITIQUE 5 References Corey, M., & Corey, G., & Corey, C., (2018). Groups process and practice (10th ed.). Cengage Learning. Prochaska, J. O., Norcross, J. C., & Krebs, P. M. (2011 Feb.). Stages of Change. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 67 (2), 143-154. https:// 10.1002/jclp.20758 Westwood, M. J., & Ewasiw, J. F. (2011). Integrating Narrative and Action Processes in Group Counseling Practice: A Multimodal Approach for Helping Clients. The Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 36 (1), 78–93. https://10.1080/01933922.2010.537738

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