FA GOVT Chapter 2 Pre test
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FA GOVT Chapter 2 Pre-test
In general, it was the ____ vision of the United States that triumphed after the nation's founding.
Federalist
FEEDBACK: The Constitution adopted in 1789 created the framework for a powerful national
government that has only grown more powerful in defending the nation's interests, promoting its
commerce, and maintaining national unity-a general triumph for the Federalist vision of the
country.
Question 2
0 / 0 pts
Most of the constitutional amendments ratified since the Bill of Rights in 1791 have been
directly or indirectly concerned with
structure or composition of government.
FEEDBACK: The 27 successful amendments to the Constitution have been concerned with the
structure or composition of government, which is consistent with the purpose of a Constitution-to
provide structure, not to legislate.
Question 3
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Shays's Rebellion was politically significant to America's Founding in that it
demonstrated the weakness of government under the Articles of Confederation.
FEEDBACK: Under the Confederation, Congress had been unable to act decisively to deal with
the crisis of Shays's Rebellion. This provided critics of the Articles of Confederation with
precisely the evidence they needed to begin the process of constitutional revision.
Question 4
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The
Federalist Papers
were written by
Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison.
FEEDBACK: The best-known pieces supporting ratification of the Constitution were 85 essays
written between the fall of 1787 and the spring of 1788 under the name of "Publius," by
Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay.
Question 5
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The First Continental Congress met in 1774. Which of the following actions did the delegates at
the Congress take?
They called for a total boycott of British goods.
FEEDBACK: The First Continental Congress, an assembly of delegates from all parts of the
country, called for a total boycott of British goods and began to consider the possibility of
independence from British rule.
Question 6
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The United States' first written constitution was the
Articles of Confederation.
FEEDBACK: After declaring independence, the colonies needed to establish a governmental
structure. In November 1777, the Continental Congress adopted the Articles of Confederation-
the United States' first written constitution. It remained the operative constitution for 12 years.
Question 7
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The inspiration behind the Declaration of Independence's focus on "life, liberty, and the pursuit
of happiness" was MOST inspired by which political philosopher?
John Locke
FEEDBACK: In philosophical terms, the Declaration was remarkable for its assertion of
unalienable rights, including that life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness could not be abridged
by governments. This philosophical view was heavily influenced by the works of the philosopher
John Locke, one of England's foremost liberal theorists of the seventeenth century.
Question 8
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The method of securing, enacting, or maintaining the Constitution's principle of separation of
powers is known as
checks and balances.
FEEDBACK: Separation of powers is nothing but mere words on parchment without a method to
maintain that separation. The method became known by the popular label "checks and balances.
Question 9
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Under the Great Compromise, small states were given an advantage in the
Senate.
FEEDBACK: Under the Great Compromise, the House of Representatives would have its
representatives apportioned according to the population in each state, which would benefit the
large states. But in the Senate, each state would have equal representation regardless of its size.
This provision benefited the small states, which would have disproportional power despite their
smaller populations.
Question 10
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What is the name of the clause that is understood to give Congress the power to pass any law that
is necessary to carry out its expressed powers?
elastic clause
FEEDBACK: Because the framers intended to create an active and powerful government, they
included the necessary and proper clause, sometimes known as the elastic clause, which gave
Congress the power to pass laws "necessary and proper" for the carrying out of its expressed
powers.
Question 11
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What issue more than any other seemed to unite separate colonial interests into rebellion from
Great Britain?
taxes
FEEDBACK: Several measures of taxation including the Stamp Act and Sugar Act most heavily
affected the two groups in colonial society whose commercial interests and activities were most
extensive. Under the famous slogan "No taxation without representation," the merchants and
planters sought to organize opposition to these new taxes. Events motivated from this opposition
would directly lead to the American Revolution.
Question 12
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What power does the Supreme Court possess that is not expressly given to it by the Constitution?
judicial review
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FEEDBACK: The power of judicial review-not mentioned anywhere in the Constitution-gives
the Supreme Court the power to render the final decision when there is a conflict of
interpretations of the Constitution or federal law among the courts, Congress, the executive
branch, or the states.
Question 13
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What type of tyranny did the Federalists fear the MOST?
tyranny of the majority
FEEDBACK: Antifederalists feared the tyranny of a central government with too much power,
but the Federalists believed that the danger particularly associated with republican governments
was not aristocracy but majority tyranny.
Question 14
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Which of the following concepts best explains the underlying reason for the Bill of Rights?
limited government
FEEDBACK: Antifederalists demanded that a Bill of Rights be added to the Constitution to
place limits on the government's exercise of power over the citizenry.
Question 15
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Which of the following is the MOST widely used method of amending the Constitution to date?
Passage in House and Senate by two-thirds vote, then ratification by majority vote of the
legislatures of three-fourths (now 38) of the states.
FEEDBACK: No amendment has ever been proposed by national convention. The method where
the amendment is passed in House and Senate by two-thirds vote, then ratified by conventions
called for the purpose in three-fourths of the states has been employed only once (The Twenty-
First Amendment, which repealed the Eighteenth Amendment). Thus, the method where the
amendment is passed in House and Senate by two-thirds vote, then ratified by majority vote of
the legislatures of three-fourths (now 38) of the states has been used for all other amendments.
Question 16
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Which of the following statements is true about the Three-Fifths Compromise?
Only three-fifths of all slaves were allowed to vote in national elections.
FEEDBACK: Under the Three-Fifths Compromise, the seats in the House of Representatives
would be apportioned according to a "population" in which five slaves would count as three free
persons. Slaves would not be able to vote in this system.
Question 17
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Which of the following was an original constitutional means of selecting one of the three major
branches of government, but that has since changed?
The Senate was chosen by state legislatures.
FEEDBACK: Under the original constitutional provisions, the president was chosen indirectly
by electors, the House by popular vote, the Senate by state legislatures, and the judiciary by
presidential appointment. Today, the Senate is chosen by popular vote.
Question 18
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Which of the following was provided for by the supremacy clause?
All laws made by the federal government would be superior to all laws adopted by any state or
any other subdivision.
FEEDBACK: The supremacy clause of Article VI provided that all laws made under the
"Authority of the United States" (the federal government) would be superior to all laws adopted
by any state or any other subdivision, and the states would be expected to respect all treaties
made under that authority.
Question 19
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Which political value did the Constitution value more than any other at its creation?
equality
FEEDBACK: The Constitution's framers placed individual liberty ahead of all other political
values, a concern that led many of the framers to distrust both democracy and equality. But by
championing liberty, the framers virtually guaranteed that democracy and even a measure of
equality would sooner or later evolve in the United States.
Question 20
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Which two entities have responsibility for overseeing the appointment and approval of federal
judges?
the Senate and the president
FEEDBACK: Federal judges are not elected; they are appointed by the president with the advice
and consent of the Senate. Many voters understand that their vote for a presidential candidate can
have a major impact on federal courts.
Question 21
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Which two important colonial groups organized together in opposition to the taxes imposed by
the Stamp Act and the Sugar Act?
New England merchants and southern planters
FEEDBACK: The Stamp Act and the Sugar Act most heavily affected New England merchants
and southern planters. United under the famous slogan "No taxation without representation," the
merchants and planters sought to organize opposition to these new taxes.
Question 22
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Which was not a reason for establishing the second founding?
slavery
FEEDBACK: A series of developments following the peace armistice of the American
Revolution with the British in 1783 highlighted the shortcomings of the Articles of
Confederation.
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