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Name: Micah Ndango Date: December 3, 2023 Lab 11 – Radio & EM Waves Part 1 : Define the following terms: a) Wavelength: the distance between identical points of a wave. b) Frequency: the rate at which something occurs over a period of time. c) Amplitude: the maximum displacement or distance moved by a point on a vibrating body or wave measured from its equilibrium position. d) Transverse wave: Transverse waves cause the medium to move perpendicular to the direction of the wave. e) Longitudinal wave: Longitudinal waves cause the medium to move parallel to the direction of the wave. Part 2 : Use any search engine or source to find the frequency and the wavelength of the following types of waves. (A range or typical value may be used.) Wave Type Frequency in Hz Wavelength in Meters Radio 10 kHz - 100 GHz 2 m - 3 m Microwave 300 MHz - 300 GHz 30 cm - 1 mm Infrared 300 GHz - 400 THz 780 nm - 1000 μm Visible Light 400 THz - 800 THz 400 nm - 700 nm Ultra Violet 30 PHz - 750 THz 100 nm - 400 nm X-ray 30 petaherz - 30 extrahertz 0.01 nm - 10 nm Gamma Ray above 30 exahertz below 100 pm Part 3 : Solve the following problems: a) An ocean wave travels at approximately 1.97 m/s. This is 4 miles per hour. The frequency of the waves is roughly 0.07 Hz (or roughly 4 waves per minute). What is the wavelength? Answer: The wavelength is 28.14 m.

b) Red visible light has a wavelength of 680 nanometers (6.8 x10 -7 m). The speed of light is 3.0 x10 8 m/s. What is the frequency of red visible light? Answer: The frequency of red visible light is 4.41 THz. c) KPhET is an FM station broadcasting on 98.7 MHz. What is the wavelength of the signal from this station? Answer: The wavelength of the signal from this station is 3.04 m d) A large Charlotte radio station broadcasts with a wavelength of 270.27 m. What is the frequency of this broadcast? State your answer in KHz or MHz. (Extra credit: Which radio station is this?) Answer: The frequency of this broadcast is 1.11MHz. Part 4 : PhET – Radio Waves & Electromagnetic Fields. a) Change the frequency and amplitude sliders and describe what happens to the fields. i. What happens when you move the frequency slider to the left? Answer: The frequency of the transmitter slows down. ii. What happens when you move the frequency slider to the right? Answer: The frequency of the transmitter speeds up. iii. What happens when you move the amplitude slider to the left? Answer: The amplitude of the wave becomes smaller. iv. What happens when you move the amplitude slider to the right? Answer: The amplitude of the wave becomes bigger. b) Set the transmitter movement to oscillate, field display type to curve with vectors, and radiated fields. Describe what is happening in the transmitter and the receiver. Answer: The transmitter is sending out radio waves that are received by the receiver. These radio waves are sending out information that might be a radio show or a song.

c) Click on Electron Positions to activate the wave graphs. Which graph – transmitter or receiver – shows the higher amplitude? Why is this true? Answer: The graph that shows the higher is amplitude is the transmitter graph. This is true because the power of the radio waves decreases as the distance increases between the transmitter and receiver.

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