Graphing+Accelerated+Motion

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Name _Giselle Bello______ Date __02/12/24_ Class __Physics 011__ Graphing Accelerated Motion Purpose To create and interpret graphs of several objects that are accelerating. Connections to What You Already Know About in Life A car traveling along a highway usually moves at a constant speed. But when the car first enters the highway, it must speed up to get to highway speed. When you ride a bike on a flat road, you usually move at a constant speed. However, you may slow down as you are pedaling up a hill and you speed up when you start to ride down it. These are all examples of acceleration of different types. Vocabulary Acceleration, velocity Background Position, velocity and acceleration graphs each can represent acceleration in different ways and understanding what they show is important to understanding motion of all types. Physicists use these different types of motion graphs together to show different perspectives of the motion being studied. Motion graphs are typically made of the position, velocity and acceleration data over time. They do not actually show the x-y position in space, but show how the object is changing position based on an initial reference point. So, the position graph is just representing the distance from a reference point over time and cannot be used to deduce two-dimensional motion changes. In this activity, the motion is limited to the surface of a ramp, so the object is confined to a single line of motion. The distance of the ball from the bottom of the ramp is just the length along the ramp surface, or the hypotenuse of the triangle, not the x and y positions of the object. Procedure 1. Start Virtual Physics and select Graphing Accelerated Motion from the list of assignments. The lab will open in the Mechanics laboratory. 2. The laboratory will be set up with a ball on a ramp. The ramp has an angle of 30  . Click the red Recording button to start recording data. Start the ball rolling down the ramp by clicking the Start button. Observe what happens as the ball hits the end of the ramp. You will see a link appear in the Lab Book that contains the position, velocity and acceleration versus time data for the ball rolling down the ramp. 3. Click the Reset button to move the ball back to the top of the ramp. Set the angle of the ramp to 45  using the Parameters Palette. Repeat Step 2. Repeat the experiment once more with the ramp at 60  . You should now have three data links in your lab book. Double click beside each link to label the link with the angle of the ramp. pg. 1 - Graphing Accelerated Motion © Beyond Labz , all rights reserved

Name _Giselle Bello______ Date __02/12/24_ Class __Physics 011__ Questions 1. Use the r(m) data in each of the data links in your lab book to draw three position versus time graphs on the grid below. Label the horizontal axis Time (s) and the vertical axis Position (m). You will need to scale the graph to fit your data. Use a different color for each ramp angle. Q a 2. Now you will graph velocity versus time on the grid below. Label the horizontal axis Time (s) and the vertical axis Velocity (m/s). The velocity data is in the v_tot column. Use the same colors for the graphs of the same ramp angle as you did in the previous graph. Label each line with the angle of the ramp. 3. What is the relationship between the slope of the lines and the ramp angles? The slope can be velocity of the graph as it can compare of the speed of the ball going down the ramp,, as able to calculated the speed of the line going down the ramp, pg. 2 - Graphing Accelerated Motion © Beyond Labz , all rights reserved

Name _Giselle Bello______ Date __02/12/24_ Class __Physics 011__ 4. You can use the slopes of the velocity graphs to compare the speeds of the ball as it rolled down the ramp. To calculate the slope of a line, use the equation slope = rise run or for this activity: slope = change ∈ velocity elapsed time From the data on the velocity graph or from the data in your data links, calculate the slope of each line and fill in the following table. 5. If the slope of the line on the velocity versus time graph tells us the amount the velocity is changing over time, what do we call this quantity? This can be the acceleration of measure in the velocity change, or the reveal of the rate that the all its going as it goes down. 6. What do the units of the change in velocity tell you about the velocity of the ball as it rolls down the ramp? The units of the change of the velocity that can tell us about the ball rolling down its provide us information and the speed, if it is accelerating or declaration during its motion as its go down on the ramp 7. Use the a_tot data in each of the data links in your lab book to draw three acceleration versus time graphs on the grid on the next page. Label the horizontal axis Time (s) and the vertical axis Acceleration (m/s 2 ). Use the same colors for the graphs of the same ramp angle as you did in the previous graphs. Label each line with the angle of the ramp. pg. 3 - Graphing Accelerated Motion © Beyond Labz , all rights reserved Rise (velocity (m/s)) Change in velocity from the top to the bottom of the ramp Run (time (s)) Time elapsed from the top to the bottom of the ramp Slope of line (m/s/s) Divide rise by run. Top: 0.0m/Bottom 12.9 Rise: 12.9 Top:0.0m/bottom:4.87 Run:4:87s Slope 12.9m/s/4.87= 2.64m/s/s Top:0.0m/ Bottom: 21.7 Rise:21.7 Top:0.0m/bottom:3.83 Run: 3.83s Slope: 21.7m/s/3.83= 5.71 Top:0.0m/Bottom: 31.5 Rise:31.5 Top:0.0m/bottom: 2.96 Run:2.96 Slope: 31.5m/s/2.96= 10.64

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Name _Giselle Bello______ Date __02/12/24_ Class __Physics 011__ 8. What does the shape of each of the acceleration graphs tell you about the motion? This shape shows how each one of then is going from zero the the level and time as it’s shown in the graph its going higher. 9. Describe the motion (both position and velocity) that you would observe if the acceleration graph sloped down to 0, showing decreasing positive acceleration. The motion of the ball would be slowing down if the acceleration graph of the sloped it goes down to zero, and is the positive accelerating can also become zero and go to the remainder to the rest of position. pg. 4 - Graphing Accelerated Motion © Beyond Labz , all rights reserved

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