LAB7_LinearMomentum

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Southwest Tennessee Community College *

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Apr 3, 2024

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Lab 7: Conservation of Linear Momentum https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/collision-lab/latest/collision-lab_all.html Objective : To study elastic and inelastic collision and conservation of linear momentum using relationships between total linear momentum before and after collisions Accessing the website: Through a web browser (Firefox, Internet Explorer or safari), navigate to http://phet.colorado.edu . Click "Play with Sims," then "Physics," then "Motion," then choose the "Collision" simulation. Click "Run now" to start the simulation. This is a screen shot of the simulation: Click "Run now" to start the simulation or enter the link (We are using “ Introduction” ) https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/collision-lab/latest/collision-lab_all.html
Part 1 Scenario #1: 100% Elastic collision between balls of equal mass Make sure you select equal mass either by typing value of mass on the box or sliding the mass bar. Once you chose equal mass for 1 and 2, click on more data to expand the data table 1. Complete the following data tables for each ball before and after each trial. Perform 2 trials with 2 different sets of balls of equal masses. Trial 1 Before Sim Ball Mass (kg) Velocity (m/s) Momentum (kg*m/s) 1 2 Total
Trial 1 After Sim Ball Mass (kg) Velocity (m/s) Momentum (kg*m/s) 1 2 Total Does the total momentum conserved in this trial? Explain. Trial 2 Before Sim Ball Mass (kg) Velocity (m/s) Momentum (kg*m/s) 1 2 Total Trial 2 After Sim Ball Mass (kg) Velocity (m/s) Momentum (kg*m/s) 1 2 Total
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Does the total momentum conserved in this trial? Explain. Part 1 Scenario #2: 100% Elastic collision between balls of unequal mass 1. Complete the following data tables for each ball before and after each trial. Perform 2 trials with 2 different sets of balls of unequal masses. Trial 1 Before Sim Ball Mass (kg) Velocity (m/s) Momentum (kg*m/s) 1 2 Total Trial 1 After Sim Ball Mass (kg) Velocity (m/s) Momentum (kg*m/s) 1 2 Total Does the total momentum conserved in this trial? Explain.
Trial 2 Before Sim Ball Mass (kg) Velocity (m/s) Momentum (kg*m/s) 1 2 Total Trial 2 After Sim Ball Mass (kg) Velocity (m/s) Momentum (kg*m/s) 1 2 Total Does the total momentum conserved in this trial? Explain. 3 What is the relationship between the initial and final total momentums in Scenario 1? In Scenario 2? 4. Describe the motion of the balls before and after the collision in Scenario 1. Describe the motion of the balls before and after the collision in Scenario 2.
Part 2 Create 3 more distinct scenarios in 1-d including one totally inelastic collision (0% elasticity). For each scenario, list the elasticity percentage, fill out the data tables, and make a hypothesis whether or not each will follow conservation of momentum. Collect some data and prove or disprove your hypothesis. Scenario #1 Elasticity %: Before Sim Ball Mass (kg) Velocity (m/s) Momentum (kg*m/s) 1 2 Total After Sim Ball Mass (kg) Velocity (m/s) Momentum (kg*m/s) 1 2 Total Does the total momentum conserved here?
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Scenario #2 Elasticity %: Before Sim Ball Mass (kg) Velocity (m/s) Momentum (kg*m/s) 1 2 Total After Sim Ball Mass (kg) Velocity (m/s) Momentum (kg*m/s) 1 2 Total Does the total momentum conserved here?
Scenario #3 Elasticity %: Before Sim Ball Mass (kg) Velocity (m/s) Momentum (kg*m/s) 1 2 Total After Sim Ball Mass (kg) Velocity (m/s) Momentum (kg*m/s) 1 2 Total Does the total momentum conserved here? Completely inelastic collisions using motion sensor, cart, and track: Consider a head-on collision between two cars. One is initially at rest and the other moves toward it. After the collision they stick together. Sketch a position vs . time graph for each car, starting with time before the collision and ending a short time afterward. Procedure : 1. Measure the masses of your carts and record them in your data table. Label the carts as cart 1 and cart 2. 2. Set up the track so that it is horizontal. Test this by releasing a cart on the track from rest. The cart should not move.
3. Practice creating gentle collisions by placing cart 2 at rest in the middle of the track and release cart 1 so it rolls toward the first cart, Velcro bumper toward Velcro bumper. The carts should stick together after the collision and roll smoothly away from the collision site. Before Collisions: Cart Mass (kg) Velocity (m/s) Momentum (kg*m/s) 1 2 Total After Collisions: Cart Mass (kg) Velocity (m/s) Momentum (kg*m/s) 1 2 Total Summary In a minimum of 3 and maximum of 5 sentences, describe the main ideas learned in this activity regarding initial and final total momentum in these collisions, how the observations are changed with elasticity.
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