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Eclipses Worksheet These lab activities have evolved over many years of use in Clemson University’s Department of Physics and Astronomy general astronomy laboratory. Contributors include, in chronological order, Tom Collins, Mark Leising, Neil Miller, Peter Milne, Grant Williams, Donna Mullenax, Jessica Crist, Keith Davis, Amber Porter, Steven Bromley, and David Connick. Please direct all questions, complaints, and corrections to David Connick (dconnic@clemson.edu) who is responsible for all errors and omissions. Student Name: Chloe Carpenter Section: 9 III. Lunar Eclipse May 15/16 2022 Load in the Eclipses.skyset file to Starry Night. 1) Time and date when leading edge of moon enters penumbra: - May 15th, 2022, 21:35 2) What is the time and date when about half of the Moon is in penumbra: - May 15th, 2022, 22:01 3) What is the time and date when the trailing edge of the Moon enters the penumbra: - May 15th, 2022, 22:28 4) What is the time and date when the leading edge of the moon enters the umbra - May 15th, 2022, 22:30 5) What is the time and date when about half of the moon is in the umbra - May 15th, 2022, 23:00 6) When the Moon has entered the umbra halfway, sketch the moon with a line between the penumbra and the umbra. (take a picture of a paper sketch or use a paint program and insert picture here.) - 7)What is the time and date when the trailing edge of the moon enters the umbra: - May 15th, 2022, 23:29 8)What is the time and date when the leading edge of the moon leaves the umbra - May 16th, 2022, 00:57 9)What is the time and date when the trailing edge of the moon leaves the umbra - May 16th, 2022, 01:56 10)What is the time and date when the leading edge of the moon leaves the penumbra - May 16th, 2022, 01:57 11) What is the time and date when the trailing edge of the moon leaves the penumbra - May 16th, 2022, 02:51 12) Based on the times you recorded previously, what is the length of the total umbral lunar eclipse? - About 3 and 1/2 hours 13) Based on the times you recorded previously, what is the length of the total penumbral lunar eclipse? - About 5 hours and 20 minutes

14) Based on the times you recorded above, for how long was the moon experiencing at least a partial eclipse? - About 5 hours and twenty minutes 15) Based on your drawing from question 6 what can you say about the shape of the Earth? - It is spherical 16) In your own words describe who could see this lunar eclipse and who could not - People who live in the areas that can see the moon on the late night of May 15th to the early morning of May 16th. Return to the instructions to set up the program to answer the next set of questions. IV. Total Solar Eclipse August 21st 2017 Clemson SC 17) When did the eclipse begin? (At least some piece of the sun covered by the moon) - 13:07 18) What is the minimum separation of Moon and Sun in degrees:minutes:seconds format, during the eclipse? (see instructions on how best to measure this) - 3.2” 19) What was the time of maximum eclipse? (Date and time of day of minimum angular separation) - 14:39 20) How long was the sun completely covered by the moon? (Define what you consider to be completely covered and estimate a time based on that definition) - I define completely covered to be a total blacked out sun, with no slivers of the sun showing on either side. This occurred for about 3 minutes. 21) When did the eclipse end? (No part of the sun covered by the moon) - 16:02 22) How long did the eclipse last? (at least part of the sun covered by the moon) - Almost exactly three hours 23) Describe the view of the sun during the totality of the eclipse. - As the eclipse began, the sun seemed to get smaller and smaller as the moon slid in front of the moon. The sun slivered down until completely blocked by the moon, and then all you could see is a ring of red around a blacked out circle (the moon completely covering the sun). Return to the instructions to set up the program to answer the next set of questions. V. Annular Solar Eclipse of October 14, 2023 San Antonio TX 24) Start time of Eclipse: 10:24 25) Time of maximum Eclipse: 11:54 26) End time of Eclipse: 13:33 27) Total time of at least partial eclipse: Approximately three hours

28) In your own words describe an annular eclipse. - An annular eclipse differs from a total eclipse because you can still see a ring of the sun around the moon, even when the moon and sun are at minimum separation, due the moon appearing smaller than the sun. Return to the instructions to set up the program to answer the next set of questions. VI. Eclipse From Space August 21st 2017 Total Solar Eclipse Load in the Eclipsefromspace.skyset file to Starry Night 29) What is creating the shadow you see on the far left side of the Earth? - A solar eclipse, as the moon is casting a shadow onto Earth 30) When does the penumbra of the shadow reach the west coast of the United States? - 12:03 31) When does the umbra of the shadow reach the west coast of the United States?(This is the very small darker circle in the center of the larger circle) - 13:19 32) When does the umbra reach the ocean on the east coast of the United States? - 14:50 33) When does the penumbra no longer touch any part of the United States? - 16:22 34) Describe who could see a total solar eclipse and who could see a partial solar eclipse during this eclipse event. Support your answer with what you see in Starry Night. - People who live in areas that the very small dot (the umbra) passed over would be able to see the total eclipse, and people who live inside of the large shadowed circle (the penumbra) would be able to see a partial eclipse. In this case, all of America would be able to see at least a partial eclipse, and those in the path of the umbra (a line stretching from the northwest to the southeast) would be able to see the total eclipse. VII. Eclipse Comparison and Review 35) Describe the alignment of the Earth, Moon and Sun during a lunar eclipse. - The earth is between the sun and the moon, and casts a shadow on the moon. 36) Describe the alignment of the Earth, Moon and Sun during a solar eclipse. - The moon is between the sun and the earth, and casts a shadow on the earth. Go to this time and date site and scroll down, https://www.timeanddate.com/eclipse/ list.html 37) What is the average number of Lunar eclipses per year? - 2.6, or 2-3 if estimating

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38) What is the average number of solar eclipses per year? - 2.4, or 2-3 if estimating 39) Look at the dates for the eclipses in 2025. How long after each lunar eclipse does the solar eclipse occur? Does this make sense with what you know about the motion of the moon? - About two weeks after the lunar eclipse a solar eclipse occurs. This makes sense, as it takes about two weeks for the moon to get into position in order to cast a solar eclipse. 40) Based on all the data you collected are you more likely to see a total solar eclipse or a total lunar eclipse? Explain in detail. (Consider how often eclipses occur, how long they last, and who is able to view them when they occur) - I am more likely to see a lunar eclipse, not only because they had a higher average on timeanddate, but also because the Earth’s shadow is much larger than the moons, meaning a lunar eclipse would last longer, giving a longer chance of seeing it.

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