Copy of David Werner - HW 19-1 Diffraction of Ligh

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Physics 2 - Mr. Squires HW 19-2 Diffraction of Light Review: Physics Textbook page 447 Read: Physics Textbook pages 531 to 539 Watch: Stithsonian Science: Diffraction Gratings Explained https://youtu.be/mWJku16FUzo A Level Physics Online: Diffraction Gratings https://youtu.be/flPSbngdLwI Cogverse Academy: Inteference & Diffraction - Rayleigh criterion https://youtu.be/antnPm4z8_c 1. Define: a. Diffraction Pattern- can be observed when light passes through a set of regularly spaced slits. For a diffraction to produce an observable pattern, the spacing of the slits must be comparable to the wavelength of the radiation. b. Diffraction Grating- is an optical component with a periodic structure that splits and diffracts light into several beams travelling in different directions. c. Rayleigh Criterion- The Rayleigh criterion specifies the minimum separation between two light sources that may be resolved into distinct objects. When a point source, such as a star, is observed through a telescope with a circular aperture, the image is not a point source – it is a disk surrounded by a number of very faint rings. 2. What is the Huygens’ Principle? (See page 447) Huygens' principle, in optics, a statement that all points of a wave front of light in a vacuum or transparent medium may be regarded as new sources of wavelets that expand in every direction at a rate depending on their velocities. 3. In single slit diffraction: a. How does the intensity of the central maximum compare to the intensity of the 1 st and 2 nd order maximums? Its intensity is much higher

Physics 2 - Mr. Squires HW 19-2 Diffraction of Light b. How does the width of the central maximum for red coherent light compare to the width of green coherent light? Green is more visible except the wavelength of red light is greater is its width would be greater 4. What are the two types of diffraction gratings? ruled grating and the holographic grating. 5. Why do diffraction gratings have a large number of slits? Why are these slits so close together? The grating intensity expression gives a peak intensity which is proportional to the square of the number of slits illuminated. Increasing the number of slits not only makes the diffraction maximum sharper, but also much more intense. 6. For a given diffraction grating, which color of visible light produces a bright line closest to the central bright band? Why? Violet, has the smallest frequency 7. The amount of information that a DVD can store and the wavelength of light used to read it are related. Why can a Blu-Ray disc hold more information than a Music CD disc? Because of its shorter wavelength (405 nm), substantially more data can be stored on a Blu-ray Disc than on the DVD format, which uses a red, 650 nm laser. Originally Blu-ray Disc could store 25 GB on each layer, and now they can hold 100 GB. 8. Describe the diffraction pattern for a circular aperture. (See Figure 19, called an “Airy Pattern). Its circular, its like when you put a drop of water into still water and it produces circular wave fronts 9. Why would a telescope with a small diameter be unable to resolve the images of two closely spaced stars? Because of diffraction, It would look like it was one star

Physics 2 - Mr. Squires HW 19-2 Diffraction of Light 10. How does the cone spacing in the human eye Fovea correspond to the resolving power of the pupil in bright light? Pupil is dilated so that less light can come in which increases diffraction

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