Lab 9 - Lens Geometric Optics V manual + report 20231

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Collin County Community College District *

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2426

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Physics

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Dec 6, 2023

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Name: Lenses Lab This lab makes use of the following simulation: https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/geometric-optics/latest/geometric- optics_all.html Instructions 1. Include units with your answers when needed. 2. Provide the necessary screenshots with date and time. 3. Explain your answers ( Just yes or no is not enough) 4. Submit this worksheet to your instructor. The following helpful video shows how to use this simulation: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lBKGP6Fh9vs Part A – General Questions Please type your answers in the yellow shaded spaces. Do NOT alter the Yellow shaded spaces and any formatting. When an object is placed to the left of a lens, its image is found to the right of the lens. 1. Is the image real or virtual? Why? 2. Is the image upright or inverted? Why? When an object is placed to the left of a lens, its image is found to the left of the lens. 3. Is the image real or virtual? 4. Is the image upright or inverted? 1

Part B – Simulation Exercise The focal point on either side of the lens is marked by a small “x”. You will notice that when you move the object (on the left), the real image (on the right) moves as well. 1. What happens to the real image as you move the object toward the lens? Is the image upright or inverted? As you move the object inside of the focal point, you should notice that the rays on the right side of the lens start to diverge. Click the box labeled “Virtual Image” in the upper right hand corner. This displays the virtual image created by the lens with the object in this position. 2. What happens to the virtual image as you move the object closer to the lens? Is the image upright or inverted? There are three slider controls at the top of the screen. Find the one labeled “diameter (m)”. As you slide this control back and forth, you will notice that the size of the lens changes. Place the object outside of the focal point such that the image is real. 3. What happens to the image as you increase and decrease the size of the lens? 4. Explain why this happens? We can now use other controls to alter the characteristics of the lens. At the top of the screen, you will find sliders labeled “curvature radius (m)”, which controls the radius of curvature R of the lens, and “refractive index”, which controls the index of refraction n of the lens. 5. As the radius of curvature of the lens increases, what happens to the focal point of the lens? 6. As the index of refraction of the lens increases, what happens to the focal point of the lens? Set the “curvature radius (m)” slider to 1 m, the “refractive index” slider to 1.7 , and the “diameter (m)” slider to 0.8 m. Now, click on the box labeled “ruler” in the upper right hand 2

corner of the screen. A ruler appears that you can use to measure distances on the screen. Use the ruler to measure the focal length of the lens by measuring the distance between the focal point and the center of the lens. 7. What is the focal length of the lens? Focal length = For five different object distances (given in the table below), measure (using the ruler on the screen) and record in Table 1 the image distance produced by the lens. Also record whether the image was enlarged or reduced, upright or inverted, and real or virtual. Insert a screen shot for object distance 0.9 m below (add space as needed). Insert here… Only use numbers in red to receive grade. Table 1 Object Distance, d o Image Distance, d i Enlarged/Reduced? Upright/Inverted? Real/Virtual? 1.9 m 1.5 m 1.2 m 0.9 m 0.5 m 8. What kind of image was enlarged? What kind of image was reduced? 9. What kind of image was upright? What kind of image was inverted? Set the slider controls such that the radius of curvature is 0.8 m and the index of refraction is 1.7 . 10. What is the new focal length of the lens? 3

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Focal length = Using the above procedure, measure and record image distance for this lens using the object distances in Table 2. Insert a screen shot for object distance 0.9 m below (add space as needed). Insert here… Table 2 Object Distance, d o Image Distance, d i Enlarged/Reduced? Upright/Inverted? Real/Virtual? 1.9 m 1.5 m 1.2 m 0.9 m 0.5 m 11. Where there object distances that resulted in a real image for one lens and a virtual image in the other? If so, which ones? 12. In general, which lens had the largest overall magnification (enlarged more than reduced)? 4

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