HW4_Ch5-gravity&Ch6-light

ASTR-1304 (Solar System) Homework Assignment #4 (Ch. 5 – Gravity & Ch. 6 – Light) Name: Joshua Gutierrez_________________________________ Multiple choice (2 points each). Circle, mark, or highlight correct letter. 1. The ______ of an object is a measure of the amount of matter it contains. The ______ is a measure of the gravitational force on an object. a. weight; mass b. mass; weight c. energy; force d. force; energy e. momentum; energy 2. The velocity an object must reach to fly beyond a planet's or moon's gravitational pull. a. Terminal velocity b. Escape velocity c. Kinetic velocity 3. According to the inverse square law, the force due to gravity between two masses will ______. a. increase as the distance between the two masses increases b. decrease as the square of the distance between the two masses increases c. cause the two masses to move away from each other d. cause the two masses to move in a straight line e. cause the two masses to orbit each other 4. Explains why applying a force to a baseball with your arm can cause the baseball to accelerate from rest to the speed at which it leaves your hand. a. Newton's first law of motion b. Newton's second law of motion c. Newton's third law of motion 5. An object moves at constant velocity if there is no net force acting upon it. a. Newton's first law of motion b. Newton's second law of motion c. Newton's third law of motion 6. For any force, there is an equal and opposite reaction force. a. Newton's first law of motion b. Newton's second law of motion c. Newton's third law of motion 7. Explains why a spaceship with no forces acting on it will continue moving even if it has no fuel. a. Newton's first law of motion b. Newton's second law of motion c. Newton's third law of motion 8. The neap tides occur at the new moon and full moon. a. True b. False 9. Why are X-rays and gamma rays considered dangerous forms of light? a. These forms of light are only produced by large, dangerous machines. b. These forms of light break through Earth’s atmosphere. c. Photons of these wavelengths have high energy. 1

10. Light exhibits properties of both waves and particles. a. True b. False 11. Compared with ultraviolet radiation, infrared radiation has a greater ______. a. wavelength b. energy c. velocity 12. A triangular glass solid that breaks down sunlight or white light into different colors is called a(n) ______. a. spectrum b. oscilloscope c. prism 13. Radio waves are a type of light that your radio receiver transforms into sound. a. True b. False Fill in the blank (or circle, mark, or highlight) using the provided selections. [2 points each] 14. ________Orbital velocity ______ [ Orbital velocity / Geosynchronous velocity ] is the velocity a rocket must achieve to establish an orbit around Earth. 15. A force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses is called _______gravity____________________ [ inertia / gravity ]. 16. A push or a pull is known as a ______ force _____________________ [ force / velocity ]. 17. A measure of the force of gravity on an object is called ______ weight ___________________ [ acceleration / weight ]. 18. ________ Inertia ________________________ [ Inertia / Angular momentum ] is defined as the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion. 19. Rate of acceleration at which gravity pulls objects to Earth. Symbol is ‘g’. Is equal to about 9.8 meters per seconds squared. What is this? _______ Acceleration of Gravity _____________ [ Galileo’s Constant / Acceleration of Gravity ] 20. The speed of an object in a particular direction is called _______ velocity ________________ [ velocity / trajectory ]. 21. A(n) ________ orbit ______________________ [ orbit / ballistic ] is the path of an object as it revolves around another object in space. 2