2-1 M2 Kinematics Lab Report

Kinematics Kyle Blan 1/23/22 Activity 1: Graph and interpret motion data of a moving object

Activity 1. Table 1 Time (x axis) (seconds) Position (y axis) (meters) 0 0 5 20 10 40 15 50 20 55 30 60 35 70 40 70 45 70 50 55 . 0 5 10 15 20 30 35 40 45 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Train Time (s) Displacement (m) Questions for Activity 1 Question 1: What is the average speed of the train during the time interval from 0 s to 10 s? 4 m/s Question 2: Using the equation: v = s 2 − s 1 t 2 − t 1 , calculate the average speed of the train as it moves from position x = 50m to x = 60m. 0.6667 m/s Question 3: What does the slope of the line during each time interval represent?

Activity 2. Table 1 Time (s) Displaceme nt (m)* 0 0.00 0.76 0.25 1.57 0.50 2.43 0.75 3.91 1.00 4.74 1.25 5.21 1.50 6.46 1.75 7.94 2.00 *Note that 0.25 m = 25 cm 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Model Car Displacement (m) Time (s) Activity 2. Table 2 Time (s) Velocity (m/s) 1 0.33 2 0.62 3 0.77

4 1.05 5 1.44 6 1.63 7 1.76 8 2.02 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 0.33 0.62 0.77 1.05 1.44 1.63 1.76 2.02 Model Car (Velocity) Time (s) Velocity (m/s) Activity 3 Graphing the motion of an Object with Constant Acceleration Activity 3. Data Table 1. Time (s) Average Time (s) Average Time 2 (s 2 ) Distance (m) Trial 1 = 0 0 0 Trial 2 = Trial 3 = Trial 1 = 1.36 1.35 1.82 0.1 Trial 2 =1.32 Trial 3 =1.37 Trial 1 =1.71 1.72 2.96 0.2 Trial 2 =1.74 Trial 3 =1.7 Trial 1 =2.03 2.02 4.08 0.3 Trial 2 =2.05 Trial 3 =1.97 Trial 1 =2.45 2.44 5.95 0.4 Trial 2 =2.43 Trial 3 =2.44 Trial 1 =2.67 2.68 7.18 0.5 Trial 2 =2.70 Trial 3 =2.68 Trial 1 =2.84 2.81 7.89 0.6 Trial 2 =2.79 Trial 3 =2.8 Trial 1 =2.97 2.97 8.82 0.7 Trial 2 =2.96 Trial 3 =2.99

Questions for Activity 3 Question 1: What is the shape of the graph when displacement is graphed vs. time? The resulting line is increasing. Question 2: What is the shape of the graph when displacement is graphed against time squared? The resulting line is increasing more than the time. Question 3: What do the shapes of these graphs tell you about the relationship between distance and displacement for an object traveling at a constant acceleration? The shape of any graph that shows a constant acceleration will always be an upward trending line. Activity 4: Predict the time for a steel sphere to roll down an incline. Steel Sphere Acrylic Sphere A Length of Track (cm) (s) (Step 1, use 80 cm) 80 cm 80 cm B Angle of Elevation (  ) in Degrees ⁰ (Step 1) 10 10 C Calculated Time from s=0 to s=80 (formula from step 2) 4.82 4.82 D Measured Time from s=0 to s=80 (step 3 with stopwatch) 3.04 3.04 E % Difference (step 4) 145% 145% Question for Activity 4: What effect does the type of the sphere have on the time of the object to travel the measured distance, explain? The less mass the sphere has, the slower it will accelerate on the track. Activity 5: Demonstrate that a sphere rolling down the incline is moving under constant acceleration. Questions for Activity 5: 1. Describe your observations of the sounds made as the sphere crosses the equally spaced rubber bands (procedure step 4)? (If the sounds

are too fast to discern, lower the angle of the ramp.) I observed that the spheres were making adequately spaced sounds on my first trials as it accelerated across the equally spaced rubber bands. 2. Describe your observations of the sounds made as the sphere crosses the unequally spaced rubber bands (procedure step 9)? (Use same angle as step4). The sounds made became quicker as the ball accelerated down the ramp. 3. Explain the differences you observed if any between the sounds with equal spacing and sounds with unequal spacing. The main difference between the sounds heard during the equal and unequal spacing, was that the equally spaced rubber bands made the acceleration much more noticeable, due to the consistency of the sound.