Lab 2_ Kinematics

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Dec 6, 2023

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Susmita Nath, Saniyah Sankeshwarkar, Tatiana Garcia Physics Lab - Section 26 Cart on Track: Graphs:

4. Collect Data: a) note the points when you released the cart and when you caught it on the other side . (5 pts) We released the cart at t=0.016 s. We caught it on the other side after approximately 3.25 s. b) How do you know that these points indeed correspond to these two events ? (5 pts) When we release the cart, the exponential curve begins. When the cart is caught, the line is constant because the position remains the same. c) What can you (Positive? Negative? Zero? Increasing? Decreasing?) say about the Position, Velocity and Acceleration of the cart between these two points ? (5 pts) Position is increasing exponentially . Velocity is constantly increasing. Acceleration is constant, or 0.

Curve Fitting: Screenshots:

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6. a) write in your lab report which function you used and explain why it made sense. (5 pts) We used the quadratic equation because the data was generally along an exponential curve and it was extracted from an exponential curve. Take note of the fit coefficients and write them in your report: A = 0.1223; B = 0.01549; C = 0.1238 b) How do each of these coefficients (A, B, C) theoretically relate to quantities Position x , Velocity v and Acceleration a ? (10 pts). Coefficient A corresponds to the acceleration of the cart, coefficient B corresponds to the initial velocity of the cart, and coefficient C corresponds to the initial position of the cart. c) From the fit equation, what are the values of the theoretical Initial Position, Initial Velocity and Acceleration of the cart along the x-axis (which is along the track ) ? Note that your values, derived from the coefficients, may not correspond to your plot and accompanying data, since that will likely not start at t=0 due to your having removed the data before you released the cart and after you caught the cart. Show all your work in your report, including the graph itself. (5 pts). x(t) = 0.1223t 2 + 0.01549t + 0.1238 Questions: 1. Which graph was the most difficult to match, and why? Explain why it is extremely difficult to match the pre-drawn graph exactly? a. The graph that was the most difficult to match was the third graph because it is difficult to increase (accelerate) and decrease (decelerate) the velocity as it is moving. It is also difficult to move the device to the exact speed. 2. When the cart was going down the track, you measured its total acceleration, since you aimed the motion sensor in a direction along the track. What if you instead placed the motion sensor on the table near the bottom of the track (sensor set to Wide, to still track the cart during its descent), and oriented its swivel head horizontally (pointing along the surface of the table) - would you now be measuring a higher or lower value, and why ? Think of the components of the velocity in the horizontal and vertical directions. (5 pts) a. I would now be measuring at a lower value because as the device is descending, the device will be going under the horizontal access, indicating a negative number. 3. If you released with this acceleration along an infinitely long inclined track, and if you assumed that both your initial position and initial velocity were zero , how far would it have traveled in 10 seconds ? (5 pts) 100 seconds ? (5 pts) a. The device will not have moved at all for both 10 seconds and 100 seconds since the initial velocity is 0.

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