Ch_5

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Dawson College *

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MECHANICS

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Physics

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Dec 6, 2023

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Uploaded by BaronRose22931

Additional Problems Ch. 5 1) General Questions: In a collision between a huge SUV and a small hybrid car, the SUV exerts a larger force on the hybrid than the hybrid exerts on the SUV. A) True B) False C) It depends on whether the collision is a head-on collision or a rear-end collision. Answer: B 2) General Questions: A box is placed on a table which rests on the floor. The box pushes on the table; the reaction force to the box's push on the table is the table's push on the floor. A) True B) False Answer: B 3) General Questions: A girl attaches a rock to a string, which she then swings counter-clockwise in a horizontal circle. The string breaks at point P in the figure, which shows a bird's-eye view (as seen from above). Which path (A-E) will the rock follow? A) Path A B) Path B C) Path C D) Path D E) Path E Answer: B 4) General Questions: A small car and a large SUV are at a stoplight. The car has a mass equal to half that of the SUV, and the SUV can produce a maximum accelerating force equal to twice that of the car. When the light turns green, both drivers push their accelerators to the floor at the same time. Which vehicle pulls ahead of the other vehicle after a few seconds? A) The car pulls ahead. B) The SUV pulls ahead. C) It is a tie. Answer: C

5) General Questions: A golf club hits a golf ball with a force of 2400 N, sending the ball into the air. The force exerted on the club by the ball must be less than 2400 N or else the ball would not have moved forward. A) True B) False C) The answer depends on whether the golfer followed through with the swing. Answer: B 6) General Questions: A person who normally weighs 700 N is riding in an elevator that is moving upward but slowing down at a steady rate. If this person is standing on a bathroom scale inside the elevator, what would the scale read? A) more than 700 N B) less than 700 N C) 700 N D) It could be more or less than 700 N, depending on whether the magnitude of the acceleration is greater than or less than 9.8 m/s 2 . Answer: B 7) Equilibrium: Inside of a train a ball of weight W is hanging by a light wire at rest from the ceiling. The wire makes an angle θ with the ceiling, as shown in the figure. Which one of the following conditions must be true about the tension T in the wire? A) T sin θ = W B) T cos θ = W C) T tan θ = W D) T = W E) T = ma Answer: A 8) Equilibrium: Two blocks, A and B, are being pulled to the right along a horizontal surface by a horizontal 100-N pull, as shown in the figure. Both of them are moving together at a constant velocity of 2.0 m/s to the right, and both weigh the same.

Which of the figures below shows a correct free-body diagram of the horizontal forces acting on the lower block, B? A) B) C) D) E) None of these diagrams is correct. Answer: B 9) Equilibrium: A push of magnitude P acts on a box of weight W as shown in the figure. The push is directed at an angle θ below the horizontal, and the box remains a rest. The box rests on a horizontal surface that has some friction with the box. The normal force on the box due to the floor is equal to

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A) W . B) W + P. C) W + P cos θ. D) W + P sin θ. E) W - P sin θ. Answer: D 10) Slanting Surfaces Without Friction: Two objects have masses m and 5 m , respectively. They both are placed side by side on a frictionless inclined ramp and allowed to slide down from rest without any air resistance. Which one of the following statements about these objects is correct? A) It takes the lighter object 5 times longer to reach the bottom of the ramp than the heavier. B) It takes the lighter object 10 times longer to reach the bottom of the ramp than the heavier. C) It takes the heavier object 5 times longer to reach the bottom of the ramp than the lighter. D) It takes the heavier object 10 times longer to reach the bottom of the ramp than the lighter. E) The two objects reach the bottom of the ramp at exactly the same time. Answer: E 11) Newton's Second Law in 1 Dimension: A 40-kg crate is being lowered with a downward acceleration is 2.0 m/s 2 by means of a rope. (a) What is the magnitude of the force exerted by the rope on the crate? (b) What would be the magnitude of the force exerted by the rope if the crate were being raised with an acceleration of 2.0 m/s 2 ? Answer: (a) 310 N (b) 470 N 12) Newton's Second Law in 1 Dimension: A certain aircraft has a mass of 300,000 kg. At a certain instant during its landing, its speed is 27.0 m/s. If the braking force is a constant 445,000 N, what is the speed of the airplane 10.0 s later? A) 10.0 m/s B) 12.2 m/s C) 14.0 m/s D) 18.0 m/s E) 20.0 m/s Answer: B 13) Newton's Second Law in 1 Dimension: In a certain particle accelerator, a proton reaches an acceleration of 9.0 × 10 13 m/s 2 . The mass of a proton is 1.67 × 10 -27 kg. What is the force on the proton? Answer: 1.5 × 10 -13 N 14) Newton's Second Law in 1 Dimension: A 45.0-kg person steps on a scale in an elevator. The scale reads 460 N. What is the magnitude of the acceleration of the elevator?

A) 4.91 m/s2 B) 9.81 m/s2 C) 46.9 m/s2 D) 0.206 m/s2 E) 0.422 m/s2 Answer: E 15) Equilibrium: A 6.00-kg ornament is held at rest by two light wires that form 30° angles with the vertical, as shown in the figure. An external force of magnitude F acts vertically downward on the ornament. The tension exerted by each of the two wires is denoted by T . A free-body diagram, showing the four forces that act on the box, is shown in the figure. If the magnitude of force F is 410 N, what is the magnitude of the tension T ? A) 271 N B) 235 N C) 188 N D) 376 N E) 470 N Answer: A 16) Equilibrium: A 400-kg box is lifted vertically upward with constant velocity by means of two cables pulling at 40.0° on either side of the vertical direction. What is the tension in each cable? A) 231 N B) 400 N C) 800 N D) 2560 N E) 3920 N Answer: D 8) Multiple-Object Accelerating Systems: A 3.0-kg mass and a 5.0-kg mass hang vertically at the opposite ends of a very light rope that goes over an ideal pulley. If the masses are gently released,

what is the resulting acceleration of the masses? A) 0.00 m/s2 B) 3.7 m/s2 C) 2.5 m/s2 D) 4.9 m/s2 E) 6.1 m/s2 Answer: C 17) Multiple-Object Accelerating Systems: Three blocks, light connecting ropes, and a light frictionless pulley comprise a system, as shown in the figure. An external force of magnitude P is applied downward on block A, causing block A to accelerate downward at a constant 2.5 m/s 2 . The tension in the rope connecting block B and block C is equal to 60 N. (a) What is the magnitude of the force P ? (b) What is the mass of block C? Answer: (a) 190 N (b) 4.9 kg 18) Friction: A 50-kg box is being pushed along a horizontal surface. The coefficient of static friction between the box and the ground is 0.65, and the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.35. What horizontal force must be exerted on the box for it to accelerate at 1.2 m/s 2 ? A) 60 N B) 120 N C) 170 N D) 230 N E) 490 N Answer: D 19) Friction: A horizontal 52-N force is needed to slide a 50-kg box across a flat surface at a constant velocity of 3.5 m/s. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the box and the floor?

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A) 0.11 B) 0.09 C) 0.10 D) 0.13 Answer: A 20) Friction: You push horizontally on a 120-N box that is initially resting on a horizontal table. The coefficient of static friction between the box and the table is 0.75, and the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.40. Find the friction force on the box if the push is equal to (a) 84 N; (b) 94 N. Answer: (a) 84 N (b) 48 N 21) Slanting Surfaces Without Friction: A 150-N crate is being pulled up a perfectly smooth ramp that slopes upward at 15° by a pull that is directed at 30° above the surface of the ramp. What is the magnitude of the pull required to make the crate move up the ramp at a constant velocity of 1.75 m/s? Answer: 45 N 22) Slanting Surfaces Without Friction: A 15-kg block is on a frictionless ramp that is inclined at 20° above the horizontal. It is connected by a very light string over an ideal pulley at the top edge of the ramp to a hanging 19-kg block, as shown in the figure. The string pulls on the 15-kg block parallel to the surface of the ramp. Find the magnitude of the acceleration of the 19-kg block after the system is gently released? A) 4.0 m/s2 B) 3.8 m/s2 C) 4.2 m/s2 D) 4.5 m/s2 Answer: A 23) Springs: A 3.0-kg brick rests on a perfectly smooth ramp inclined at 34° above the horizontal. The brick is kept from sliding down the plane by an ideal spring that is aligned with the surface and attached to a wall above the brick. The spring has a spring constant (force constant) of 120 N/m. By how much does the spring stretch with the brick attached? A) 360 cm B) 240 cm C) 14 cm

D) 24 cm E) 36 cm Answer: C

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