sph4u_02.02.102

SPH4U Learning A ctivity 2.2 Lab investigation: Exploring simple harmonic motion Lab i nvestigation: Exploring s imple h armonic m otion 2.2 Exploring el a stic potential energy Purpose: To determine the factors which affect the period of oscillation. Instructions: a. Go to the “Masses and Springs Interactive Learning Tool” in the course content. b. Press the “Lab” icon to start the simulation. Investigation Set-Up: 1. Press the top two (2) buttons on the right hand menu. 2. Gently hang a 100 g mass onto the spring. Do so by dragging the 100 g mass to the spring. Ease the mass downward until it reaches a stretch equilibrium. If it is oscillating, you can press the stop button (“stop sign”) at the top of the screen. 3. Press and drag the ruler on the left-hand side such that the zero mark of the ruler is aligned with the dotted horizontal line at the stretch equilibrium. 4. In the menu bar, move the slider so that the Damping is set to “none”. 5. You are now ready to start. Compare your screen set up to the image below. If it’s a match, you’re ready to start. If it’s not a match, make the necessary adjustments. Copyright © 2021 The Ontario Educational Communications Authority. All rights reserved. 1

SPH4U Learning Activity 2.2 Lab investigation: Exploring simple harmonic motion Note: For this simulation, it is much easier to take measurements that are not “real time”. 6. In the bottom right hand corner, press the “Slow” option button. 7. Drag the “Stopwatch” tool towards the middle of the screen but not blocking your view of the mass or spring. 8. Carefully stretch the hanging 100 g (0.100 kg) mass by pressing and dragging the mass. Stretch the mass 10 cm. Release the mass so it begins to oscillate up and down, allowing the system to continue oscillating. Data Collection: Part A - Mass and Period Relationship: 9. Once you are comfortable with the motion of the hanging mass, start the timer when mass reaches its maximum extension. Time the motion for 10 complete, oscillations and record the time in the data table below. 10. Do calculations to complete the row in your data table. 11. Stop the harmonic motion by pressing the stop bottom (“stop sign”). When the motion stops, change the mass by moving the Mass slider to 150 g (or 0.150 kg). Repeat steps 9 and 10 and reset the timer. 12. Repeat steps 9 to 11 for the 0.200 kg mass. 13. Repeat steps 9 and 10 for the 250 g. Copyright © 2021 The Ontario Educational Communications Authority. All rights reserved. 2

SPH4U Learning Activity 2.2 Lab investigation: Exploring simple harmonic motion Part C - Displacement (Amplitude) and Period Relationship: 1. Gently hang the 100 g mass onto the spring and set up the apparatus as before with the dotted reference line and ruler. 2. Carefully stretch the hanging 100 g mass by pressing and dragging the mass. Stretch the mass 10 cm. Release the mass so it begins to oscillate up and down. As you did in the previous section, determine the time for 10 cycles and the period. 3. Stretch the mass to 20 cm and release. Determine the time for 10 cycles and then the period. 4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 for a displacement (amplitude) of 30 cm. 5. Repeat steps 2 and 3 for a displacement (amplitude) of 40 cm. Mass (kg) Displacement (m) Time (s) for 10 cycles Period (s) ( ?𝑖?𝑒 / # 𝑐𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑠) 0.0100 kg 0.0100 kg 0.0100 kg 0.0100 kg Part D - Energy Analysis: 1. Reset the apparatus by pressing the “Reset” button in the bottom right hand corner. 2. Set the time to “Slow”. 3. Set Damping to “None” 4. Carefully stretch the hanging 100 g mass by pressing and dragging the mass. Stretch the mass 20 cm. Release the mass so it begins to oscillate up and down. 5. Observe the energy transfer that takes place as the spring oscillates. Copyright © 2021 The Ontario Educational Communications Authority. All rights reserved. 4

SPH4U Learning Activity 2.2 Lab investigation: Exploring simple harmonic motion Discussion Question for Part A: How do the changes to the mass on the spring affect the period of the mass? Discussion Question for Part B: How does the spring constant affect the period of the mass on a spring? Discussion Question for Part C: How does the amplitude affect the period of a mass on a spring? Discussion Questions for Part D: 1. At what point does the level of kinetic energy reach its maximum? 2. At what point does the level of kinetic energy reach its minimum? Copyright © 2021 The Ontario Educational Communications Authority. All rights reserved. 5