Example_Momentum_Report

Introductory Physics Laboratory Faculty of Science, Ontario Tech University Lab Report IP-03: Energy and Linear Momentum Conservation in Elastic and Inelastic Collisions Don’t copy use as reference neither of us want a plagiarism check Initial and Final Velocities, Coefficient of Restitution Table 1 Run # m 1 , kg m 2 , kg t 1 , s v 1 , m/s v 2 , m/s t 2 , s v 1 ' , m/s v 2 ' , m/s e 1 0.2571kg 0.2541 kg 2.05 s 0.392 m/s 0 m/s 2.31 s -0.002 m/s 0.385 m/s 0.987 2 0.2571kg 0.5066 kg 1.57 s 0.487 m/s 0.001 m/s 1.93 s -0.155 m/s 0.323 m/s 0.984 3 0.2571kg 0.2541 kg 6.05 s 0.313 m/s -0.008 m/s 6.25 s 0.057 m/s 0.239 m/s 0.567 4 0.2571kg 0.5066 kg 1.53 s 0.593 m/s -0.005 m/s 1.73 s -0.034 m/s 0.306 m/s 0.569 5 0.2571kg 0.2541 kg 1.19 s 0.432 m/s -0.013m/s 1.41 s 0.201 m/s 0.201 m/s 0 6 0.2571kg 0.5066 kg 1.55 s 0.624 m/s 0 m/s 1.81 s 0.204 m/s 0.208 m/s 0.006 Momentum and Kinetic Energy Table 2 Run # P , kg·m/s P' , kg·m/s % difference K , kg·m 2 /s 2 K' , kg·m 2 /s 2 Loss of Kinetic Energy, % 1 0.1021 0.0978 4% 0.0198 J 0.0190 J 4% 2 0.1257 0.1208 4% 0.0305 J 0.0291 J 5% 3 0.0789 0.0720 9% 0.0126 J 0.0069 J 45% 4 0.1508 0.1454 4% 0.0453 J 0.0236 J 48% 5 0.1086 0.1023 6% 0.0240 J 0.0102 J 58% 6 0.1593 0.1575 1% 0.0500 J 0.0162 J 68% Run 1 Perfect elastic. (Note no matter what we tried we were unable to make the time sync up perfectly for both so there will be a discrepancy of 0.02, however to make up for that the average between the two times is what will be used) Lab Report IP-03: Energy and Linear Momentum Conservation in Elastic and Inelastic Collisions

Introductory Physics Laboratory Faculty of Science, Ontario Tech University Run 2 Perfect elastic unequal mass. Lab Report IP-03: Energy and Linear Momentum Conservation in Elastic and Inelastic Collisions 2

Introductory Physics Laboratory Faculty of Science, Ontario Tech University Run 3 Partially elastic Run 4 Partially elastic unequal mass Lab Report IP-03: Energy and Linear Momentum Conservation in Elastic and Inelastic Collisions 4

Introductory Physics Laboratory Faculty of Science, Ontario Tech University Run 5 Inelastic. Lab Report IP-03: Energy and Linear Momentum Conservation in Elastic and Inelastic Collisions 5

Introductory Physics Laboratory Faculty of Science, Ontario Tech University Lab Report IP-03: Energy and Linear Momentum Conservation in Elastic and Inelastic Collisions 7

Introductory Physics Laboratory Faculty of Science, Ontario Tech University Conclusions: The conducted experiment successfully demonstrated the principles of linear momentum and energy conservation in one-dimensional elastic and inelastic collisions. Utilizing collision cars equipped with magnetic and Velcro bumpers, along with soundwave technology to measure individual velocities, the study effectively quantified the variations in momentum and kinetic energy across different collision scenarios. The experiment was designed with three distinct setups, each aimed at observing the effects of varying masses and bumper types on collision outcomes. Two runs per experiment setup were conducted, with the second run of each type being of unequal masses. The results showed noticeable differences in velocity graphs across the three setups, indicating the influence of mass and bumper type on the collision dynamics. The velocity changes were more pronounced in the cases involving higher masses and magnetic bumpers, suggesting a greater impact on momentum and energy transfer. The coefficient of restitution values obtained ranged from 0 to 0.987, reflecting the diverse nature of the collisions, from perfectly inelastic to nearly elastic. These values, while close to theoretical expectations, were skewed due to practical factors such as air resistance, friction, and possible dust particle interference on the sensors. The variance in these coefficients highlights the complexity of real-world collisions as opposed to ideal theoretical models. In terms of momentum conservation, the total momentum graphs revealed a general adherence to the law of conservation of momentum, with only minor discrepancies. These discrepancies, reflected in the calculated percentage differences (ranging from 1% to 9%), can be attributed to external factors such as friction and air resistance. The loss of kinetic energy observed in collisions (ranging from 4% to 68%) further confirmed that, in practical scenarios, collisions are rarely perfectly elastic, and some energy is inevitably transformed into other forms, such as heat and sound. It also confirms that perfectly elastic collisions lose the least kinetic energy, followed by partially elastic, and lastly inelastic. The collision parts on the kinetic and momentum graphs were found through syncing up the times with the velocity time graph. Overall, the lab was instructive in demonstrating the principles of momentum and energy conservation in collisions, teaching the factors influencing these processes in real-world scenarios. It showed that the purely theoretical perfect values are unrealistic, and that perfect conservation is almost impossible in real world practical scenarios. Lab Report IP-03: Energy and Linear Momentum Conservation in Elastic and Inelastic Collisions 8