ADMS-3060-Assignment5
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School
York University *
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Course
3060
Subject
Philosophy
Date
Jan 9, 2024
Type
docx
Pages
3
Uploaded by AgentFinch2922
According to Schwartz, the core ethical values are: Question 32Answer a.
trustworthiness b. caring c. responsiblity d. citizenship e. all of the above
Answer
Answer
The correct answer is:
e. all of the above
According to Schwartz, the core ethical values are trustworthiness, caring,
responsibility, and citizenship. These values are considered universal and are
foundational to ethical behavior across various cultures and moral philosophies.
You
According to Schwartz, a criticism of utilitarianism is that it is very difficult to reliably
predict the future and it is not always so clear whether something is a benefit or a cost.
Question 33Answer True False
Answer
Answer
True.
One criticism of utilitarianism is indeed that it can be challenging to reliably predict the
future consequences of actions, and it may not always be clear whether something will
result in a net benefit or cost. The utilitarian approach evaluates the morality of an
action based on its overall consequences and the balance of pleasure or happiness over
pain or suffering. However, in complex situations, predicting and quantifying these
consequences can be difficult, making utilitarianism subject to criticism on these
grounds.
You
According to Schwartz, there are three formulations of Kant's categorical imperative:
Question 34Answer a. universability b. reversibility c. loyalty d. respect e. a, b and c f. a,
b and d
Answer
Answer
The correct answer is:
f. a, b, and d
According to Schwartz, the three formulations of Kant's categorical imperative are:
Universality (or universability):
Act only according to that maxim whereby
you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law.
Reversibility:
Act as if the maxim of your action were to become by your will a
universal law of nature.
Respect (or treating others as ends):
Act so that you treat humanity,
whether in your own person or in that of any other, never merely as a means to an end
but always at the same time as an end.
You
According to Schwartz, Kant’s application of the categorical imperative appears to have
no criticism at all. Question 35Answer True False
Answer
Answer
False.
While Kant's categorical imperative has been influential in ethical philosophy, it is not
without criticism. Some common criticisms include its potential rigidity, the difficulty in
determining what counts as a universalizable maxim, and the challenges in applying it
to complex real-world situations. Critics argue that it may not provide clear guidance in
situations where moral duties conflict or when the consequences of actions are
uncertain. While the categorical imperative has strengths, it has also faced scrutiny and
debate within the field of ethics.
You
According to Schwartz, Bentham described utilitarianism as: Question 36Answer a. the
greatest good for the least number of people b. the least amount of good for the least
number of people c. the least amount of good for the greatest number of people d. the
greatest good for the greatest number of people e. the amount of good is not
determined by the number of people
Answer
Answer
The correct answer is:
d. the greatest good for the greatest number of people
Bentham described utilitarianism as the principle of seeking the greatest happiness or
greatest good for the greatest number of people. This idea forms the core of the
utilitarian ethical theory, which evaluates actions based on their overall consequences
in terms of maximizing pleasure or happiness and minimizing pain or suffering for the
greatest number.
You
According to Schwartz, an action does not have to respect the moral rights of individuals
affected by the action. Question 37Answer True False
Answer
Answer
False.
According to Schwartz, an action, to be considered ethical, must respect the moral
rights of individuals affected by the action. Moral rights, such as the right to life, liberty,
and privacy, are an essential component of ethical decision-making. Schwartz identifies
respect for moral rights as one of the core ethical values. Actions that violate or
disregard the moral rights of individuals are seen as ethically problematic.
You
Under the moral concept of justice (or fairness), what’s fair is always just, and what’s
just is always fair. Question 38Answer True False
Answer
Answer
False.
While justice and fairness are related concepts, they are not always synonymous. In
some ethical theories, justice is seen as a broader concept that encompasses fairness,
but the terms are not always used interchangeably. Additionally, different people and
cultures may have varying interpretations of what is fair or just.
In ethical discussions, justice often involves the fair and equitable distribution of
resources, opportunities, and benefits. However, the relationship between justice and
fairness can be complex, and what one considers fair may not necessarily align with
another person's concept of justice. Therefore, it is not accurate to say that what's fair is
always just, and what's just is always fair in all contexts.
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