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Kenyatta University *

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EG 204/OOO

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Nursing

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Nov 24, 2024

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docx

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1 Abstract Quality improvement programs must address the urgent problem of social isolation to enhance the well-being and health outcomes of older diabetes patients. Social isolation can harm the physical and emotional health of elderly diabetic patients, resulting in inadequate diabetes control and subpar health outcomes. The Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle, the selected technique for quality improvement, directs the project via identifying isolated risk factors, application of interventions, measurement of results, and iterative analysis of feedback. This study seeks to increase drug adherence, decrease medication mistakes, and boost mental well- being by utilizing evidence-based approaches like PDSA. To provide holistic evaluation, all- encompassing care, and psychological support, the initiative uses an interprofessional team of nurses, doctors, social workers, and pharmacists. Overall, this effort aims to enhance the quality of life and health outcomes of elderly diabetes patients by lowering healthcare expenses and strengthening community connections.  Change Strategy Foundation :  Older adults with diabetes are at higher risk of feeling socially isolated due to their condition. Social isolation can negatively impact the physical and mental health of older diabetic patients and lead to increased feelings of loneliness and depression among older diabetic patients (Ida & Murata, 2022).  If left unchecked, it can also contribute to poor diabetes management and control in older adults as they may have limited access to resources and information related to diabetes self-care, leading to suboptimal health outcomes.

2  Quality Improvement Methods (PDSA Method) :  The PDSA approach offers a method for enhancing the health outcome of this particular patient (Knudsen et al., 2019).  The planning stage is the first step after determining the region that needs improvement. This would require assessing and identifying elements, such as living alone or lacking a support network, that increase the risk of isolation in senior diabetes persons.  The stage would then cover implementing strategies to combat social isolation after, including introducing support groups, telemedicine programs, and community participation.  After that, the results of these treatments would be assessed, including changes in medication adherence, blood glucose levels, and self-reported feelings of loneliness. Collecting feedback from both the patient and healthcare professionals would gauge the effectiveness of these measures.  The final stage would involve adapting intervention strategies according to the feedback and the observed results, ensuring the long-term viability of successful interventions, and exploring prospects for expansion.  Evidence Supporting QI Methods :  Quality improvement methods are crucial in healthcare as they help improve the quality and safety of healthcare services. Researchers have widely recommended it (McNicholas et al., 2019).

3  PDSA encourages healthcare practitioners to base their changes on evidence, research, and data at each cycle stage to help make informed decisions about changes.  By continually testing and adapting changes, PDSA helps identify and eliminate errors, inefficiencies, and waste in healthcare processes (Wong et al., 2023).  Interprofessional Team Benefits :  The interprofessional team, consisting of nurses, physicians, social workers, and pharmacists, can collectively address the multifaceted needs of elderly diabetic patients (Szafran et al., 2019).  Each team member brings unique expertise, allowing for a holistic assessment of the patient's condition.  Interprofessional collaborations are crucial in medication management, ensuring that medications are appropriate and safe for the patient.  Social workers can offer psychosocial support to patients dealing with isolation and its emotional impact.  Overall Project Benefits :  Improve patient well-being and quality of life by addressing social isolation and enhancing the patient's emotional and social support.  Reduction in medication errors and missed doses through increased adherence.  Lower healthcare costs by preventing complications and hospitalizations related to uncontrolled diabetes (Haque et al., 2021).

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4  Strengthening community and healthcare partnerships by engaging community organizations and support networks in the initiative. Haque, W. Z., Demidowich, A. P., Sidhaye, A., Golden, S. H., & Zilbermint, M. (2021). The Financial Impact of an Inpatient Diabetes Management Service. Current Diabetes Reports , 21 (2), 5. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-020-01374-0 Ida, S., & Murata, K. (2022). Social Isolation of Older Adults With Diabetes. Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine , 8 , 23337214221116230. https://doi.org/10.1177/23337214221116232 Knudsen, S. V., Laursen, H. V. B., Johnsen, S. P., Bartels, P. D., Ehlers, L. H., & Mainz, J. (2019). Can quality improvement improve the quality of care? A systematic review of reported effects and methodological rigor in plan-do-study-act projects. BMC Health Services Research , 19 (1), 683. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4482-6 McNicholas, C., Lennox, L., Woodcock, T., Bell, D., & Reed, J. E. (2019). Evolving quality improvement support strategies to improve Plan-Do-Study-Act cycle fidelity: a retrospective mixed-methods study. BMJ Quality & Safety , 28 (5), 356–365. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2017-007605 Szafran, O., Kennett, S. L., Bell, N. R., & Torti, J. M. I. (2019). Interprofessional collaboration in diabetes care: perceptions of family physicians practicing in or not in a primary health care team. BMC Family Practice , 20 (1), 44. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-019-0932-9 Wong, J., Young, E., Hung, L., Mann, J., & Jackson, L. (2023). Beyond Plan-Do-Study-Act cycle

5 – staff perceptions on facilitators and barriers to the implementation of telepresence robots in long-term care. BMC Health Services Research , 23 (1), 772. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-09741-9

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