New Technology Critique

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1 New Technology Critique Kitty Gordon Bellevue University BHMC 313 Health Information Technology Adj. Prof. Loren Standley November 5, 2023

2 New Technology Critique The healthcare technology industry is rapidly expanding, with Artificial intelligence (AI) potentially improving healthcare provider performance. AI is making strides in bioprinting, creating three-dimensional (3D) structures using living cells. This paper critiques 3D bioprinting's use, deployment costs, impact on patient care, and staff impact. Integration of Artificial intelligence (AI) Bioprinting is revolutionizing medicine by creating personalized treatments, accelerating drug discovery, and developing new organs and tissues for transplantation. AI is being used in bioprinting to design bioinks, which are materials used to create 3D structures. AI can design bioinks with specific properties, such as supporting cell growth or delivering drugs to targeted areas (Pixel AI, 2023). It can also optimize bioprinting processes, such as printing speed and temperature, to ensure the highest quality of the printed structures (Pixel AI, 2023). Additionally, AI can monitor bioprinted structures in real time to ensure they are developing as expected. AI has the potential to revolutionize bioprinting by creating more complex and realistic 3D structures, which could lead to the development of new treatments for various diseases (Pixel AI, 2023). This could also personalize treatments by creating 3D structures designed for individual patients, resulting in more effective and safer treatments. Furthermore, AI could accelerate drug discovery by identifying new drug targets and designing new drugs more quickly, thereby enhancing the efficiency and safety of bioprinting (Pixel AI, 2023). 3D Bioprinting Bioprinting, a medical technique using 3D printing and biomaterials to replicate natural tissues, bones, and blood vessels, has been used since 2007 for drug research and as cell scaffolds to repair damaged ligaments and joints, enabling the study or recreation of almost every

3 tissue, cartilage, and organ in the body (Travers, 2022). It allows researchers to explore new techniques in regenerative medicine and drug testing, such as creating vascularized tissues of living human cells on a chip connected to a vascular channel for monitoring growth and development (Travers, 2022). Bioprinted organs are being developed in medicine, with progress made in bone grafting, 3D bioprinting for defects caused by tumors, trauma, infection, and genetic deformities, and bioprinting a copy of the bone being replaced with stem cells (Travers, 2022). However, more research and testing are needed to fully realize these advancements. Bioprinting has the potential to revolutionize the medical field by replicating the multilayer layers of skin, such as the dermis and epidermis. Researchers at Wake Forest School of Medicine in North Carolina are exploring this method for burn victims who lack undamaged skin for wound care and healing (Travers, 2022). Pennsylvania State University is working on 3D bioprinting to create cartilage for knee repair and other body tissues (Travers, 2022). Bioprinted blood vessels allow for direct transplantation of blood vessels into patients, drug testing, and personalized medicine, as they form larger networks to prevent dissolution around existing structures (Travers, 2022). Cost The National Foundation for Transplants reports that a standard kidney transplant can cost up to $300,000. However, 3D bioprinting kidneys, suitable for human use, could cost less, with a good quality 3D bioprinter costing between $10,000 and $200,000 (Irfan, 2021). The global bioprinting market was valued at $2.1 billion in 2022 and is expected to reach $11.4 billion by 2028 (Pixel AI, 2023). Patient Impact

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4 Many people on the transplant list are in need of critical organs like kidneys, hearts, and livers, but there is a shortage of donor organs. 3D printed organs are being used instead of biological ones to cure patients' diseases. These organs are used to accurately identify infections or wounds in the patient's body. With advancements in 3D printing technology, doctors are increasingly using these organs in large and complex surgeries, from the human brain to the smallest bones (Irfan, 2021). Scientists are also researching the use of 3D printed hearts in the human body. As a substitute for many vital organs, 3D printed organs are being increasingly used in medical procedures (Irfan, 2021). Bioprinting offers numerous benefits to patients, including personalized part production, saving millions of lives, reducing transplant rejection risks, accelerating skin tissue regeneration, generating homocellular tissue models, precise fabrication, and eliminating the need for organ donors, thereby reducing patient waiting time (Yaneva, et.al., 2023). These advancements also have potential to benefit cancer treatment and other research by offering medical solutions tailored to each individual patient, increasing their chances of survival and overall well-being (Yaneva, et.al., 2023). Bioprinting's progress has the potential to revolutionize medicine and healthcare, improving the quality of life and potentially transforming the field of medicine and healthcare (Yaneva, et.al., 2023). Staff Impact 3D bioprinting medical models can aid surgeries, facilitate them, and reduce procedure cycle times, while also providing benefits in patient education, medical training, and surgical planning through improved patient education. Conclusion

5 The healthcare technology industry is rapidly expanding, with AI potentially improving healthcare provider performance. AI is being used in bioprinting to create 3D structures using living cells, creating bioinks. This technology has the potential to revolutionize bioprinting by creating more complex and realistic 3D structures, potentially leading to new treatments for various diseases. (Pixel AI, 2023). However, more research and testing are needed to fully realize these advancements. Bioprinting has the potential to replicate multilayer layers of skin, such as the dermis and epidermis, and could cost less than a standard kidney transplant. 3D bioprinting kidneys, suitable for human use, could save millions of lives and reduce transplant rejection risks. Bioprinting offers numerous benefits to patients, including personalized part production, saving millions of lives, reducing transplant rejection risks, accelerating skin tissue regeneration, generating homocellular tissue models, precise fabrication, and eliminating the need for organ donors, thereby reducing patient waiting time (Yaneva, et.al., 2023). Bioprinting's progress has the potential to revolutionize medicine and healthcare, improving the quality of life and potentially transforming the field.

6 References Irfan S. (2021, August 16). How Much Does 3D Printing Organs Cost? The Actual Numbers. Received November 4, 2023, https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/how-much-does-3d- printing-organs-cost-actual-numbers-obay-ahmed/ Pixel AI. (2023, July 28). Unleashing the Future: AI in Bioprinting and Pharma - Pioneering Breakthroughs. Received November 4, 2023, https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/unleashing-future-ai-bioprinting-pharma-pioneering- breakthroughs/ Travers, C., (2022, November 21). Bioprinting: What It Is and How It’s Used in Medicine. Received November 5, 2023, https://www.verywellhealth.com/bioprinting-in-medicine- 4691000 Yaneva, A., Shopova, D., Bakova, D., Mihaylova, A., Kasnakova, P., Hristozova, M., & Semerdjieva, M. (2023). The Progress in Bioprinting and Its Potential Impact on Health- Related Quality of Life. Received November 4, 2023, https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10080910

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