Head, Neck, Thoracic and Upper Extremities Blood Vessels Lab Handout(1) (2)

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Southern Nazarene University *

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3013

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Medicine

Date

Oct 30, 2023

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docx

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Lab 16 – Head, Neck, Thoracic and Upper Extremities Blood Vessels Lab Introduction Blood vessels transport blood to and from the heart. Large blood vessels include arteries and veins. The arteries take blood away from the heart toward organs and the veins return the blood to from the organs to the heart. There are two large arteries taking blood away from the heart: the aorta (systemic circulation) to distribute oxygen rich blood towards all body systems and the pulmonary (pulmo=lung) trunk to deliver blood to the lungs for oxygenation purposes and to remove CO2 from the body. There are two major veins taking blood back to the heart from the organ systems: superior vena cava that drains blood from the head, neck, upper extremities and thorax and the inferior vena cava that drains blood from the lower extremities, abdomen and pelvis The pulmonary veins take oxygen rich blood from the lungs to heart. The inferior vena cava and the aorta pass through opening in the diaphragm. Pre-Lab Use the e-book to be able to identify the blood vessels in the diagrams:  Ascending aorta  Aortic arch  Descending aorta  Intercostal arteries  Brachiocephalic trunk  Right and left common carotid artery  Right and left subclavian artery  Right and left vertebral artery  Right and left internal thoracic (mammary) artery  Right and left axillary artery  Right and left brachial artery  Right ulnar artery  Right radial artery  Palmar arch (deep and superficial)

Procedure Using the Real Anatomy program identify abdominal, pelvic and thigh blood vessels. Look at the different blood vessels using different views, do not limit yourself to the one view provided to you. Major arteries: 1. Aorta – main blood vessel 2. Ascending Aorta branches: 3. right coronary artery and left coronary artery 4. Aortic arch branches: a. Brachiocephalic trunk i. Right common carotid artery • Right internal carotid artery • Right external carotid artery ii. Right subclavian • Right Vertebral artery

• Right Internal thoracic artery ( another view ) • Right Thyrocervical trunk b. Left common c arotid artery i. Left external carotid artery ii. Left internal carotid artery c. Left subclavian artery i. Left Vertebral artery ii. Left Internal thoracic artery ( another view ) iii. Left Thyrocervical artery 5. Thoracic aorta gives off – esophageal arteries, posterior intercostal arteries, mediastinal arteries Same vessel, different names 1. Subclavian artery becomes axillary artery 2. Axillary artery – axillary artery becomes the brachial artery 3. Brachial artery (magnify the image – move the button a little bit more than half). Brachial artery splits into: • Radial artery • Ulnar artery At the palm of the hand – radial and ulnar join making the palmar arch superficial and deep Major Veins: 1. Cephalic vein -slide the button to the right (about half way) to magnify the image 2. Basilic vein 3. Median Cubital vein – frequently used during venipuncture (at crease of the elbow) 4. Brachial vein 5. Axillary vein 6. Subclavian vein 7. Internal Jugular vein 8. External Jugular vein 9. Brachiocephalic vein 10. Internal thoracic vein 11. Superior vena cava 12. Azygos vein - slide the button to the right (about half way) to magnify the image Analysis: 1. Which blood vessel is commonly use to draw arterial blood? 2. What do you think is the purpose of the palmar arch?

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