Prompt 2 and 4
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Harvard University *
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A210D
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Medicine
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Nov 24, 2024
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Prompt 2: Research the medication Enalapril. Explain its uses, dosage, and side effects.
Enalapril is a pharmaceutical that belongs to the ACE inhibitor class of medications
(Faruqi & Jain, 2022). The principal application for it is in the treatment of a variety of
cardiovascular diseases: Its primary uses include the treatment of excessive blood pressure
(hypertension) in adults and children over the age of one month. In addition, adults are advised to
take Enalapril to prevent and treat congestive heart failure.
Enalapril prescription varies contingent on the medical condition being treated:
The
initial oral doses for hypertension usually involve 5 mg given once daily, with maintenance doses
ranging around 10-40 mg taken each day (Faruqi & Jain, 2022). Initial oral doses for congestive
heart failure are typically 2.5 mg once daily, with maintenance doses that range from 2.5 to 20
mg daily.
Coughing, diarrhea, chest pain, dizziness, fatigue, headache, and low blood pressure are
just some of the possible side effects of Enalapril. Other serious side effects, such as allergic
responses, high blood potassium, low white blood cell counts, kidney difficulties, and liver
problems, can develop (Faruqi & Jain, 2022). Finally, it is critical to take Enalapril exactly as
prescribed by a healthcare provider and to report any unusual or severe side effects as soon as
possible.
Prompt 4:
Explain the different types of dialysis and how they are used.
The two main types of dialysis are hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, both of which
are essential for managing kidney failure. Hemodialysis involves the use of a machine to filter
blood via an artificial kidney, typically performed three to five times per week in a clinical
setting (Lu et al., 2022). Access points, like arteriovenous fistulas or grafts, are surgically created
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for this procedure. Hemodialysis is an effective method of removing waste and toxins from the
bloodstream.
Peritoneal dialysis, on the other hand, uses the abdominal lining (peritoneum) as a sort of
natural filter. A catheter is inserted into the abdominal wall, enabling patients to self-administer
dialysis in the comfort of their own homes, either continually or through a cycler at night (Lu et
al., 2022). The peritoneal cavity is filled with specific dialysis fluid, which collects waste from
the blood through the abdominal walls. Overall, the choice between these dialysis types depends
on factors such as patient preference, medical suitability, and lifestyle, offering flexibility and
life-sustaining options for those with kidney failure.
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References
Faruqi, A., & Jain, A. (2022). Enalapril. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557708/
Lu, J., Shi, D., Zhao, X., Xi, M., Qi, H., & He, Q. (2022). Comparative Analysis of Efficacy and
Prognosis of Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis for End-Stage Renal Disease: A Meta-
analysis. Computational and mathematical methods in medicine, 2022, 6007698.
https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6007698
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