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Piezoresistive MEMS Accelerometer Consider the following MEMS Piezoresistive accelerometer: Piezoresistors Vibration Cantilever Substrate Base Proof mass The density, modulus and dimensions of the beam and the proof mass are known. The equivalent mechanical damping, , of the beam has been determined experimentally as a function of the velocity of the proof mass. A piezoresistive material mounted to the beam changes resistance as the beam bends. The resistance of the piezoresistor is proportionally related to the position of the proof mass by the piezoresistive constant, p, such that: R = py The change in resistance is measured as an output voltage, Vo, using a simplified circuit with a constant current supply. Simplified Circuit: i,(1 The behavior of the system during operation can be modeled with the supply current as a constant system parameter. The input to the system is the displacement of the base, and the output is the voltage, vo. Using the mechanical description of the…

Piezoresistive MEMS Accelerometer Consider the following MEMS Piezoresistive accelerometer: Piezoresistors Vibration Cantilever Substrate Base Proof mass The density, modulus and dimensions of the beam and the proof mass are known. The equivalent mechanical damping, , of the beam has been determined experimentally as a function of the velocity of the proof mass. A piezoresistive material mounted to the beam changes resistance as the beam bends. The resistance of the piezoresistor is proportionally related to the position of the proof mass by the piezoresistive constant, p, such that: R = py The change in resistance is measured as an output voltage, Vo, using a simplified circuit with a constant current supply. Simplified Circuit: i,(1 The behavior of the system during operation can be modeled with the supply current as a constant system parameter. The input to the system is the displacement of the base, and the output is the voltage, vo. Using the mechanical description of the…

Q5. For a point at distance 50 m and angle 450 to the axis which of the following statements are correct? Consider an infinite baffled piston of radius 5 cm driven at 2 kHz in air with velocity 10 m/s. You may choose multiple options. a. The constant term is given by 515.03 b. The distance dependent term is given by e-jk50/50 c. The directivity term is given by j1(Ka sin 450)/sin 450 d. There is no time dependent term.

5 Discussion 1-What is the DM? 2-How to reduce the slop over load? 3- What an optimum step can be determined to reduce noise and distortion delta modulation? 4-What is the deference between DM and PCM and which one is best? 5-what are the system parameters which control the step size (quantization amplitude) for a given sampling rate? 10 6-knowledge of the step size alone is insufficient to make a statement about the possibility of slope overload. What else needs to be known?

For a two degree of freedom system subject to free undamped vibrations, the inertia and stiffness coefficient matrices are given by: 67500] a) What type of coupling exits in this system? Briefly explain why. b) Calculate the natural frequencies of the system. c) Calcuate the ratio of amplitudes at each natural frequency. d) Calculate the orthonormalised eigenvectors and subsequently form the matrix of orthonormalised eigenvectors. [M] = [1000 25] and [k] = [4000 [40000 2.5 810.

Mechanical Vibration Question is image

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3. Microfluidic channels will need to be fabricated on a key micro-scale sensor used by aerospace industries. Before running machining tests and analyzing machined quality, preliminary efforts are needed to evaluate selected materials and factors affecting machining process¹. Three material candidates have been selected, including 422SS (stainless steel), IN718 (nickel alloy), and Ti64 (titanium alloy) with their measured tensile properties and equation of true stress-true strain relationship used listed below. Tref25°C. Specifically, three factors will need to be evaluated, including different materials, temperature, and size effect. Please calculate true stress values for true strain ranging between 0-3 for each case listed below. Material A (MPa) & (S-¹) Tm (°C) 870 0.01 1520 422SS (Peyre et al., 2007) IN718 (Kobayashi et al., 2008) Ti64 (Umbrello, 2008) 980 1 1300 782.7 1E-5 1660 Material 422SS (CINDAS, 2011) IN718 (Davis, 1997) Ti64 (Fukuhara and Sanpei, 1993) 0 = X G (GPa) 1+ B…

Answer the following questions, to test your understanding of sampling frequency and bit depth. 1. You are part of new automobile design team, and are responsible for designing the sensor data collection system. The specification of the data collection system is that is must be capable of receiving data with a resolution down to 0.1% of full scale (1 part in 1000) for any given sensor. For example, suppose the driver pushes the gas pedal, the motion of which is read by an electronic sensor such that the range of motion is defined from 0 (not pressed) to 1 (fully pressed). If you want 0.1 % accuracy, you need 1000 possible data values between 0 and 1. How many bits do you need to represent data to 0.1% accuracy? Insert a picture of your work.

A string is stretched so that it is under tension and is tied at both ends so that the endpoints don't move. A mechanical oscillator then vibrates the string so that a standing wave is created. The dark line in each diagram represents a snapshot of a string at an instant in time when the amplitude of the standing wave is a maximum. The lighter lines represent the string at other times during a complete cycle. All of the strings are identical except for their lengths, and all strings have the same tension. The number of nodes and antinodes in each standing wave is different. the lengths of the strings (L) and the amplitudes at the antinodes (A) are given in each figure. А В A = 12 cm L= 25 cm A = 12 cm L= 28 cm C D A= 18 cm L= 27 cm A = 16 cm L= 28 cm Rank the frequencies of the waves. Enter in the form A > B = C ... make sure you separate characters with a space. Equal values can be entered in either order. Hint, the tension is the same so the velocity will be the same. Frequency is…

A force of 20 newton stretches a spring 1 meter. A 5 kg mass is attached to the spring, and the system is then immersed in a medium that offers a damping force numerically equal to 10 times the instantaneous velocity.   1) Let x denote the downward displacement of the mass from its equilibrium position. [Note that x>0 when the mass is below the equilibrium position. ] Assume the mass is initially released from rest from a point 3 meters above the equilibrium position. Write the differential equation and the initial conditions for the function x(t) 2)  Solve the initial value problem that you wrote above. 3)Find the exact time at which the mass passes through the equilibrium position for the first time heading downward. (Do not approximate.) 4)Find the exact time at which the mass reaches the lowest position. The "lowest position" means the largest value of x

) Explain the procedure adopted to arrive at the specification of piezo electric sensor charge amplifiercrank angle encoder and AD convener with data storage for heat release analysis of a given IC engine. (b) Discuss the method of obtaining pressure crank angle diagram. List down the parameters that can bestudied from the pressure crank angle diagram.

A seismic transducer with natural frequency 750 rad/s and damping ratio 0.7 is used to measure acceleration. The input to the sensor is a sinusoidal displacement with amplitude 1 x 10 m and fundamental frequency 100 Hz. The resulting steady-state acceleration measurement is a sinusoid. What is its amplitude (in m/s?)?

Identify the GD & T datums that make up the primary daturm reference frame

Assume the Fourier number, Fo, is greater than or equal to 0.2 (note that you still need to calculate the Biot number, and possibly a second Biot number).