Lab 1

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School

South Dakota School of Mines and Technology *

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1

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Mechanical Engineering

Date

Jan 9, 2024

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docx

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4

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Glen Reese: PHYS 1, Lab 1. QUESTION 1  Imagine that your team has been assigned by a construction company to measure the dimensions of an empty lot in a subdivision.  Briefly give examples of the 6 types/sources of errors described above and explain what you would do to minimize them. 1. Systematic errors – tool calibration such as survey equipment and total stations. Always make sure equipment was correctly calibrated. 2. Instrumental errors – Again a tool issues, like a stretched measuring tape providing incorrect measurements – always spot check against known equipment. 3. Environmental – Weather such as rain and wind causing worker issues, measurement issues, and equipment issues. Planning work accordingly. 4. Human Errors – Humans are humans they make mistakes and have lapse in judgement. This can transpire into daily work. Ensure crew is well taken care of and understands the importance of monitoring themselves. 5. Random – Wind blowing measuring tape/worker showing up hungover and unable to work. Measure twice, cut once. 6. Communication – Errors that happen on-site between laborer and superintendent or administration and project manager. Always ask questions. QUESTION 2 A certain gas is known to have a pressure of 9 psi.  We are asked to take measurements using two different sensors.  These are the results that we obtained after measuring the pressure of the gas 7 different times.   Sensor 1:     9.8   10.0 10.3 9.7   9.9   10.1 9.8   Sensor 2:     9.3   9.5   8.6   9.0   8.9   9.2   8.5   Do you believe one of the sensors is more accurate than the other?  What about precise?  Explain your reasoning. 1. So due to the deviation from the known number these numbers are not accurate for either sensor but they are precise due to the proximity of the number in relation to the know variable
Glen Reese: PHYS 1, Lab 1. QUESTION 3  Calculate the mean and standard deviation from the values using Sensor 2.  Show all your work step by step.  Sensor 2 values :           9.3      9.5      8.6      9.0      8.9      9.2      8.5 1. Mean: 9.0 2. SD: 0.365 PSI QUESTION 4   If we were able to perform totally accurate and precise measurements, what would be the standard deviation in these conditions? 1. In the most ideal conditions for accurate and precision would be 0. Or lowest possible number. QUESTION 5    By inspecting the mean and standard deviation values from Sensor 1 and Sensor 2, what can you say about the accuracy of each sensor.  What about its precision? 1. The SD of Sensor 2 is highest. Hence, Sensor 1 is most precise. Sensor 2 has a mean of 9, also known as the pressure of gas. Hence, Sensor 2 is most accurate. Distance (y) at different time intervals in free-fall experiment   Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 Trial 5 Time (s) Y1 (m) Y2 (m) Y3 (m) Y4 (m) Y5 (m) 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0.50 1.0 1.4 1.1 1.4 1.5 0.75 2.6 3.2 2.8 2.5 3.1 1.00 4.8 4.4 5.1 4.7 4.8 1.25 8.2 7.9 7.5 8.1 7.4 QUESTION 6   
Glen Reese: PHYS 1, Lab 1. Calculate the Mean (Y) and Standard Deviation for each time completing the table below. Distance (y) at different time intervals in free- fall experiment   Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 Trial 5 Mean Std. Dev. Time (s) Y1 (m) Y2 (m) Y3 (m) Y4 (m) Y5 (m) (Y (m)) σ 0.00 0 0 0 0 0  0  0 0.50 1.0 1.4 1.1 1.4 1.5  1.28 0.0194 0.75 2.6 3.2 2.8 2.5 3.1  2.84  .2728 1.00 4.8 4.4 5.1 4.7 4.8  4.76  .2244 1.25 8.2 7.9 7.5 8.1 7.4  7.82  .3187   QUESTION 7  Using the spreadsheet or plotting program of your choice, plot (Y) vs. t  (that is, plot (Y) in the vertical axis and t in the horizontal axis. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Time Vs Distance Series2 Series4 Series6 Series8 Series10 Time Distance
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Glen Reese: PHYS 1, Lab 1. LABORATORY REPORT During this lab, I had little to no challenge. It had been awhile since doing any SD calcs so that threw me off for a second but YouTube is the end all be all for well processed anything. The lab was straightforward and simple to follow. Really just covering the basics of errors that can be made while performing experiments and understanding the process behind Standard deviation calculations and inputting data into a chart. Which is most likely the most important skill to pick up from this lab. Excel knowledge is so valuable and so underachieved.