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PHYS 1011/1411/1421 – TF Lab Report Template
Fall 2023
Experiment Title: Thrust and Friction
Laptop #: 20
Lab Partner Name(s):
Objective
:
1.
To apply the Laws of Motion to a system and to predict the motion.
2.
To observe the differences between static and kinetic friction.
3.
To measure the acceleration of a fan cart due to an applied thrust force.
4.
Create tables in Logger Pro and in Word to record and organize data.
Equipment:
Dynamics cart and track system, cart with fan, friction blocks, computer, data
acquisition system (LabQuest Mini), weights, stopwatch, DC power supply, digital
level, motor with shaft and string.
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1
of
5
Please read and sign the Assertion of Compliance with
Academic Honesty Regulations below.
Failure to sign this
document will result in a grade of zero on the lab report.
Assertion of Compliance with Academic Honesty
Regulations.
I assert that I have read and understood York University’s Senate policy on
Academic Honesty (
Academic Honesty Link
) and will abide by that policy in the
completion of the lab exercises and preparation of this lab report.
Furthermore, specific to these labs I assert that:
I will not use data, answers to questions, use as a reference, or include any
information from another student’s lab report either from this year or a
previous year.
I will not use a cell phone/personal computer/tablet in the lab unless explicitly
provided for by an accommodation or by authorization from the TA or Lab
Coordinator.
When working with a partner(s), I am fully aware of how all data was
collected, and I was directly involved in the experimental process of each lab
exercise.
When working with a partner(s) and naturally may have discussed answers to
question posed in the lab manual, I will compose my own individual
responses.
The data presented in this lab report is the data I actually observed during
the lab and is not altered in any way for any reason.
I will use the provided lab laptop to download the lab report template,
complete and submit the lab report.
By entering your name and date you agree to the terms presented above.
Name:
Zia Dostmohamed
PHYS 1011/1411/1421 – TF Lab Report Template
Fall 2023
3.1 - Thrust
Data:
Data Analysis:
What is the RMSE? The RMSE is 0.0482261.
Discussion & Answers to Questions:
3.1.2 - Free body diagrams:
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2
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5
PHYS 1011/1411/1421 – TF Lab Report Template
Fall 2023
Free body diagram of the cart with fan turned off:
Free body diagram with
fan turned on:
Question: Is this constant velocity? Question: Is this constant acceleration?
The velocity is constant and
6. Observe and comment on the motion of the cart as a function of fan speed.
The fan speed causes the cart to move faster or slower. This is because as the
speed of the fan increases the Fthrust increases and as the speed of the fan
decreases the Fthrust decreases which causes the cart to move faster or slower.
7. Observe and comment on the motion of the cart as a function of fan angle.
The cart motion slows as the fan angle is no longer parallel to the track. The less
parallel to the track the angle is, the slower the cart goes.
8. Observe and comment on the motion of the cart with and without the weights.
The cart moves faster without the weights because the loss of the weights cause
the mass to decrease, which means less force is required to push the cart. This
causes the cart to move faster because of all the excess force.
Questions:
1.
Does your data follow the expected trend? (Hint: Think about the RMSE value
of the curve fit.)
Yes the data we collected follows the expected trend of a sine equation. The
RMSE value is close to 0 which means it followed the expected trend.
2.
What force balances the component of Thrust perpendicular to the track?
The drag force balances the thrust force.
3.
What assumption was made in order to use equation 3.1?
The assumption was that the velocity is constant.
4.
Calculate the average deviation of the mean time for one of your fan angle
measurements. Indicate which fan angle data your are using and shown your
work! (See Appendix B)
I am using fan angle 0.
(0.01+0.01+0.02)/3 = 0.01
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3
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5
FN
Fg
FN
Fg
FThrust
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PHYS 1011/1411/1421 – TF Lab Report Template
Fall 2023
5.
Explore Some More: Set the fan angle to 90 degrees. Comment on the motion
of the cart when the fan is turned on. Draw a free body diagram for the fan
cart.
The cart will not move because the thrust force is perpendicular to the cart.
3.2 - Friction
Data:
Material
Additional
Mass Added
(Kg)
Total Mass
(kg)
Normal
Force (N)
Max Static
Force, fs (N)
Kinetic
Friction
Force, fk
(N)
Cork
0.100
0.1929
1.8923
0.842
0.6751
Cork
0.050
0.1429
1.4018
1.260
0.5178
Cork
0.150
0.2429
2.3828
1.969
0.9390
Data Analysis:
µs =
fs,max/N.
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5
FN
Fg
PHYS 1011/1411/1421 – TF Lab Report Template
Fall 2023
µk = fk/N
µs
µk
0.842/1.8923 = 0.4450
0.6751/1.8923 = 0.3568
1.260/1.4018 = 0.8988
0.5178/1.4018 = 0.3694
1.969/2.3828 = 0.8263
0.9390/2.3828 = 0.3941
µs Mean:
0.7234
µs average deviation: 1.5127
µk Mean: 0.3734
µk average deviation: 0.0124
Discussion & Answers to Questions:
1.
List 3 possible sources of uncertainty in your measurements.
Instrument errors, human error, environmental error.
2.
Is the force of kinetic friction independent of velocity? What evidence do you
have?
The force of kinetic friction is independent on velocity because F = ma.
3.
What block material did your lab partner use and how do their µs and µk
values compare with your block material values? What can you conclude
about the coefficients of static and kinetic friction of these two materials?
My lab partner used duct tape as the block material. Their µs and µk values
are lower than mine, and duct tape has less friction than cork. The
coefficients are higher if the friction is higher.
Conclusions:
In conclusion this lab has taught us how thrust and friction work, and how things
such as mass, and angle of force change the thrust and the mass an object is can
change the friction.
Page
5
of
5
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