Action Research Proposal RES5153

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American College of Education *

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5153

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Mathematics

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Jan 9, 2024

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pdf

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One-to-One Technology In Elementary Classrooms by American College of Education May 14, 2023
2 The school I currently work at is a preschool through eighth grade building. While fourth through eighth grade classes all have one-to-one technology, grades third and below do not have access. I would like to improve the ratio of this technology for these grades so students have access to the digital world around them. I have talked other teachers about the lack of one-to-one technology in our classrooms. All of these coworkers have stated that not having this access limits activities and work they can to give students. One stated that having access to one-to-one technology would allow her to differentiate work assigned in a way that is more accessible to her students. In my own classroom, we have used iPads every so often. I have seen how students get excited to learn on them while I am able keep the lessons aligned with standards. Within this proposal I will discuss the problem, the purpose, research questions, literature review, research procedures, communicating the results and the conclusion of my action research plan. Problem Statement The problem is lack of one-to-one technology within lower elementary at my school. This is a problem because students are growing up in a digital world and need tools to be successful in it. The background of the problem is that students in grades pre-k through third grade do not have access to one-to-one technology at school. One-to-one technology gives many opportunities, “Through allowing for the use of 1:1 iPads in the classroom, educators have the opportunity to help differentiate their teaching for each individual student in order to help meet student needs” (Goos, 2020, p.7). Having this technology in classrooms can greatly benefit both teachers and students. In my school there are 211 students without access to this technology. Purpose of the Study
3 The purpose of this action research study will be to further develop how one-to-one technology will improve student achievement in their educational skills in classrooms that lack this resource. The solution of this technology can benefit students and teachers by giving flexibility and opportunity within the classroom. The proposed action that would best resolve this problem is purchasing iPads for each student in grades preschool through third grade. The best outcome as a result of this study would be that teachers are given the one-to-one resources for their students so that students are able to build skills they are already working on in a new way. Research Questions This technology is not new in education, “… educational leaders have made multi-billion dollar investments in educational technologies … the national ratio of students to computers has dropped from 125:1 in 1983 to 4:1 in 2002” (Bebell & Kay, 2010, p. 5). Schools implement technology into classrooms to benefit students in todays digital world. Giving students access to technology that plays a role in every day life can help to prepare for the world they grow up in. The following questions will guide an exploration of the literature and the action research study: • Will one-to-one technology improve student achievement in their educational skills in lower elementary? • Why would one-to-one technology impact student achievement in their educational skills in lower elementary? • How will one-to-one technology improve student achievement in their educational skills in lower elementary? When students are lacking the access to materials used in the real world, it can put them behind as they get older. Not only can one-to-one technology prepare students for the later, it
4 cane help them build skills in the now. Having one-to-one technology available to students can allow them opportunities to learn in the way that is best for them. Literature Review Our world uses technology every day and our students deserve access to this technology The problem is the lack of one-to-one technology in the lower elementary at my school. The purpose of this action research study is to determine how access to this technology can benefit students in grades pre-k through third. The proposed action that would best resolve this problem is access to iPads for students in grades pre-k through third. The major sections of this literature review include review of current literature, gaps in the literature, and summary and conclusions. Review of Current Literature One-to-one technology continues to grow in schools. More classrooms are obtaining these devices and teachers are seeing the benefits to using technology in the classroom. These papers discuss how teachers feel about the use of this technology and also the impact of the use of one-to-one technology in the classroom. Problem Statement Purpose Statement Research Question The problem is the lack of one- to-one technology within the lower elementary at my school. The purpose of this action research study is to determine how the access to one-to-one technology can benefit the students in grades preschool through third. Research Question One: Will one-to-one technology improve student learning in lower elementary? Research Question Two: Why would one-to-one technology impact student learning in lower elementary? Research Question Three: How will one-to-one technology improve student learning in lower elementary?
5 Many articles discuss the trend of positive impacts specifically on students literacy skills. While other articles discuss the trend of how teachers are using the one-to-one technology applications to support students’ learning. These five articles go over the impact of using one-to- one technology in the elementary classroom for both the students and the teachers. Use of Applications Eutsler, L., Mitchell, C., Stamm, B., & Kogut, A. (2020) found that the one-to-one devices being used had students using one or more apps or websites to learn on. Parks, A. N., & Tortorelli, L. (2021) says the treatment group in this study were given a PBS math game on the technology. Effects on Literacy Parks, A. N., & Tortorelli, L. (2021) discuss how one-to-one technology had a positive impact on students literacy skills. Eutsler, L., Mitchell, C., Stamm, B., & Kogut, A. (2020) agreed with this but noted that there were larger gains specifically for phonological awareness and letter correspondence. Effects on Math Parks, A. N., & Tortorelli, L. (2021) notes that math digital resources were not used very much in the classrooms. On the other hand, Frazier, D. K., Trekles, A. M., & Spores, J. M. (2019) talk about how math was one of the highest ranking subjects in which the technology was used. Educators Thoughts on the Use of Technology Eutsler, L., Mitchell, C., Stamm, B., & Kogut, A. (2020) says that teachers minds changed to a more student-centered system in the classroom after the use of one-to-one technology. Soalablai,
6 S., Wilson, A. M., & Baltes, B. (2022) discuss how teachers may struggle without the correct training on the technology they are using. The Amount of Time Devices are Used In the research done by Lawrence, A. C., Al-Bataineh, A. T., & Hatch, D. (2018), 52% of teachers used the one-to-one technology every day. Frazier, D. K., Trekles, A. M., & Spores, J. M. (2019) notes that the subjects that used one-to-one technology the most include language, math, social studies, science, and comprehension Students Understanding of Technology Soalablai, S., Wilson, A. M., & Baltes, B. (2022) talk about how students overall had a positive understanding of technology. Lawrence, A. C., Al-Bataineh, A. T., & Hatch, D. (2018) agree with this point. Incorporation by Teachers into Lessons Soalablai, S., Wilson, A. M., & Baltes, B. (2022) says that teachers found many positive changes to putting one-to-one devices into lesson plans. Frazier, D. K., Trekles, A. M., & Spores, J. M. (2019) talk about how 70% of teachers used the technology to differentiate lessons for students. Gaps in the Literature Information that is missing from these articles that could be included in my study involve topics of students’ thoughts on the use of technology. Though they are young, we could learn a lot about what they liked or didn’t like because after all, it is their education.
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