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Integrated Learning Project: Annotated Bibliography Omo Abifarin School of Business, Liberty University BMIS 650: Executive Leadership and Management Dr. Mary Cecil February 10, 2024 Author Note Omo Abifarin I have no known conflict of interest to disclose. Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Omo Abifarin. Email: OAbifarin1@Liberty.edu

2 Integrated Learning Project: Annotated Bibliography Ali, S. M., Belal, H. M., Roy, S., Rahman, M. T., & Raihan, A. S. (2022). Examining the role of soft dimensions on the implementation of ISO 14000 environmental management systems: a graph-theoretic approach. Annals of Operations Research . https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-022-04898-8 One of the ways a corporation can track how well its operations can be done is through the process of Benchmarking. Benchmarking can be defined as the process of determining how an organization is doing based on a comparison with its competitors or a company that isn’t their competitor but is ‘best-in-class’. It is an improvement tool corporations can use to improve their operations. ISO14001 EMS (environmental management systems) is a global standard corporations can embrace to become more environmentally and economically sustainable. That is what this article covers. It relays the importance and benefits of corporations adopting the standard, including social, financial and environmental. This will inform the use of benchmarking in the improvement of corporate operations. Alptekinoğlu, A., & Örsdemir, A. (2022). Is adopting mass customization a path to environmentally sustainable fashion? Manufacturing & Service Operations Management , 24 (6), 2982–3000. https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.1088 Customization which is the provision of a product or a service to a customer that is specifically tailored to a client’s needs has been seen to be a way to improve operations. This article looks at that theory and analyzes its validity. The article looks at mass customization in the arena of the fashion industry and proposes that mass customization actually results in overproduction which creates environmental waste. It says that though

3 mass customization is seen as environmentally friendly, due to the actual definition of customization, that is not the case since clients usually request customization to be unique. This article will contribute to the customization theory in the improvement of operations management. Biela-Weyenberg, A. (2023). 16 Ways to improve supply chain Sustainability. https://www.oracle.com/scm/sustainability/improve-supply-chain-sustainability/ The article covers the importance of supply chain sustainability and ways to improve them. First, it defines supply chain sustainability as the societal and global impact a corporation’s supply chain has. Most importantly, it relates the fact that average companies get or inherit their environmental, social, and governance (ESG) footprint through the ways their suppliers obtain, produce and transport their goods. This shows the importance of corporations’ relationship with their suppliers , transparency from their suppliers, and the ability to monitor their suppliers’ commitment to operating in a way that will not harm society, it’s workers and consumers in the way their operations. This article will inform the importance of sustainability in the improvement of operations in Glasdon, Inc. Brien, K. (2023). Innovations in recycling technology . Royal Carting Service Company. https://royalcarting.com/innovations-in-recycling-technology/ Innovation is one way corporations can improve their operations. It can be defined as the introduction to market of a new or improved, process, product or service (Meredith, Schaffer. 2023). In this article, the innovations in recycling technology are talked about by Brien (2023). Brien points out the fact that recycling technology is always evolving

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4 due to different ideas in the industry. It goes over different innovations which include the use of smart bins which allow for smart sorting, 3D printing, nano technology, biodegradable plastics and other new ideas. This article will inform the use of innovation in improving operations in Glasdon, Inc. B. Cabanes. (2023) "Should We Keep Brainstorming to Innovate?". IEEE Engineering Management Review , vol. 51, no. 2, pp. 12-14, 1. doi: 10.1109/EMR.2023.3260312 Cabanes (2023) address the concept of brainstorming as a process to arrive at new ideas. He defines brainstorming as a gold standard that corporations have adopted over the years as a means to improve processes and come up with new ideas. He describes brainstorming as a problem-solving technique that is based on getting multiple people in a group to work together and spontaneously arrive at new and ground breaking ideas. The process will have to adhere to certain rules though : come up with as many ideas as possible, no idea is a bad idea (i.e. no criticism of an idea put forth), no idea is unacceptable (i.e. the freedom to think outside the box is allowed). This article will inform the use of brainstorming as a way to come up with new ideas to improve operations within Glasdon, Inc. Chan, F. T., Daultani, Y., Goswami, M., & Pratap, S. (2022). Assessing the impact of supplier benchmarking in manufacturing value chains: an Intelligent decision support system for original equipment manufacturers. International Journal of Production Research , 60 (24), 7411–7435. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2022.2075811 This describes the research that was carried out on the use of benchmarking of manufacturing suppliers using more complex parameters than the usual industry standards which use traditional criteria as cost, quality, flexibility and delivery. This

5 research was in order to aid supply chain managers in choosing suppliers that more closely aligned with their corporations’ strict standards and goals (for example, their green features). This article will definitely inform the use of benchmarking as a tool in improving the corporation’s operations management. Chen, K., Tan, K., & Wang, C. (2019). soc Sigma applied to process performance and improvement model for the development of electric scooter water-cooling green motor assembly. Production Planning & Control , 30 (5–6), 400– 412. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537287.2018.1501810 Chen et. al. (2019) cover the use of the Lean Six Sigma methodology in the process improvement in the manufacture of an electric scooter in Taiwan. The goal of using the Lean Six Sigma methodology in this process was three-fold. To increase corporate profit through the performance of sustainable production, social and environmental responsibility. The project was carried out in Taiwan which uses scooters as a mode of transportation more than anywhere else in the world. One main focus was to drastically reduce the carbon emissions in the utilization of scooters in the country. The Taiwanese government wanted to actively reduce fuel powered impact to the air pollution in the country. Referencing the use of Lean Six Sigma for this project will inform the operations improvement of Glasdon, Inc. Curhan, J. R., Labuzova, T., & Mehta, A. (2021). Cooperative criticism: When criticism enhances creativity in brainstorming and negotiation. Organization Science , 32 (5), 1256– 1272. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2020.1420 Curhan et. al (2021) tackle the concept that criticism during brainstorming sessions can impede the flow and value of a brainstorming session. Since most brainstorming sessions

6 within corporations hold the rule that no idea should be criticized, Curhan et. al conducted a study of 100 sessions in a real urban planning project. They found out that instead on inhibiting ideas, criticism during brainstorming actually helped in divergent thinking in the participants. Group think which usually stymies new and fresh ideas is blown up when challenges or criticism of an idea takes place. This article will inform the use of brainstorming as a tool in operations improvement. Geng, R., Feng, T., Li, T., &Yang, Q. (2023). Impacts of supply chain integration on product- and service-oriented mass customization capability: the role of customer need. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management , 53 (3), 354–377. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijpdlm-02-2022-0051 Customization can be defined as the crafting of a product or service to meet the exact need of a client. Yang et. al (2023) discusses the role of customer need in the impacts of supply chain integration on product and service-oriented mass customization capability. The purpose of the article was to examine how various supply chain integrations would impact product and service-oriented mass customization capability. The role of customers specific needs showed different results. Harikumar, P., Nandakumar, N., & Saleeshya, P. (2020). Bottleneck identification and process improvement by lean Six Sigma DMAIC methodology. Materials Today: Proceedings , 24 , 1217–1224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.04.436 Lean Six Sigma is the combination of using lean methods (focused on the elimination of waste) and Six Sigma principles which use DMAIC (define, measure, analyze, improve, control). This article details a study that was completed in a food processing corporation which aimed to identify bottlenecks in its operations and improve its operations by

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7 reducing defects resulting from production, process variation, standardizing and reducing waste. This will inform the operations improvement portion of Glasdon, Inc by examining the use of this methodology. Huang, Y., Fang, C. C., & Lin, Y. A. (2020). Inventory management in supply chains with consideration of Logistics, green investment and different carbon emissions policies. Computers & Industrial Engineering , 139 , 106207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2019.106207 Lancen, Lilian. (2024). Sustainable solutions for overflowing recycling bins in Los Angeles. Climate of Our Future . https://www.climateofourfuture.org/sustainable-solutions-for- overflowing-recycling-bins-in-los-angeles/ Lancen (2024) discusses in this article how citizens of a city can contribute to a cleaner, greener environment by transforming their recycling habits. She points out that a lack of awareness in proper recycling can lead to inefficient use of recycling bins. She narrates the need for education in curricula in schools, social media and community events to shine the light on proper recycling practices. From basic knowledge of sorting of recyclables to rinsing of recyclables being the first line of defense against environmental degradation. Articles like these, will contribute in Glasdon, Inc’s commitment to being a proponent to educating its clients on social responsibility. This is an indirect correlation to improving operations within Glasdon, Inc. because studies show that consumers choose to patronize corporations that propagate eco-consciousness in their operations. It will inform the input portion of improving operations. Specright. (2023). Drive Sustainability with. https://specright.com/drive-sustainability-with- specright?

8 utm_adgroup=153654985870&utm_source=google&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign= 20224929099&utm_term=sustainable%20supply %20chain&utm_content=660587180557&hsa_acc=4196628165&hsa_cam=2022492909 9&hsa_grp=153654985870&hsa_ad=660587180557&hsa_src=g&hsa_tgt=kwd- 1234105503&hsa_kw=sustainable%20supply %20chain&hsa_mt=b&hsa_net=adwords&hsa_ver=3&gad_source=1&gclid=CjwKCAiA _aGuBhACEiwAly57MfXIgsokmUDQwXV7lgsC_1zVh2jFyp012gG_igCmhkLXlgXm O32o0hoC0lMQAvD_BwE This article from Specright covers the importance of suppliers using the right products and packaging to ensure ‘a world without waste’. It points out the need for suppliers to access their packaging processes, due to the fact that most of wastages occurs in the that phase of operations. It talks about the fact that we are in a climate change crisis, but we have the power to apply course correction to provide future generations with a better environment. It points out the need for businesses to adopt a sustainable strategy by examining their carbon emissions and plastic usage. This article will inform how to improve the Sustainability goals of Glasdon, Inc. Limited, B. A. (2023). Innovations in recycling technology and its benefits to communities and businesses . https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/innovations-recycling-technology-its- benefits-communities-#:~:text=Recycling%20technology%20involves%20the %20methods,provides%20a%20positive%20environmental%20impact . This article covers the different benefits that the improvement of recycling technology has brought. It covers the fact that with the new and improved technology, less wastes are finding their way to landfills, which ultimately result in less adverse environmental

9 impacts. It covers the fact that innovation in this area has increased efficacy and the quality of new products being produced. Not only in product improvement but in the conservation of natural resources. These improvements ultimately result in better operations in the industry and this article will be referred to in how innovation can be used to improve the operations of the corporation. The Impact of recycling plastic in developing countries, reducing pollution. (2024). Climate of Our Future. https://www.climateofourfuture.org/the-impact-of-recycling-plastic-in- developing-countries-reducing-pollution-and-creating-economic-opportunities This article covers the devastating impact of improper disposal of plastic waste in especially developing countries. It covers the impact of such improper disposal, not only in developing countries, but the fact that these improper practices have far reaching effects to the earth as a whole. Air, ocean and soil pollution are the results of these practices. It then highlights the facts that instead of only trying to fix the humongous effort of improper disposal of plastics in developing countries, the focus should be on where the bulk of these plastics come from: western countries. It states the statistics that the United States produced the most plastics in the world in 2016. This article will inform the input portion of the improvement of operations in Glasdon, Inc. Glasdon, Inc as a company has embraced the value and social responsibility of educating it’s internal (employees) and external clients (customers) on being better caretakers of our planet.

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