After the Mayflower (8)
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Dec 6, 2023
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“After the Mayflower”
Directions:
Watch the film, “After the Mayflower” and answer the following questions as thoroughly as
possible. Answer in complete sentences. Your responses will be handed in and graded. The worksheet is
worth 20 points.
1)
Why did the Wampanoags help the Pilgrims?
They aided in their development of a cordial connection and their avoidance of hostility.
2)
How did the Native Americans live in the New England area prior to the arrival of the English?
They did not engage in any trading and farmed their own crops.
3)
What happened to the natives 1617-19? What impact did this have?
They did not engage in any trading and farmed their own crops.
4)
When did the Pilgrims arrive in Massachusetts? Why did they come to Massachusetts? How many
were there?
In November 1620, 102 pilgrims arrived with the intention of exploring and engaging in religious
freedom.
5)
Why did the settlers choose the location of Plymouth?
It had a good harbor, high terrain, and fresh water.
6)
Why was there such a high death rate among the Pilgrims the first year?
They didn't have food, and the living circumstances were different from those in the Old World.
Starvation claimed the lives of so many of them.
7)
How did the Wampanoags understand the relationship with the English?
Samoset, an Abenaki sachem who visited the Wampanoag and perhaps mastered the language as a
result of extensive ties with English and European commerce
8)
Why were the Native Americans nervous about their alliances with the Europeans?
They were outnumbered, and while the indigenous lacked even basic military training, the Europeans
possessed guns.
9)
What were the trade relations like between the Indians and the English?
They exchanged things including food, tools, and wood in their trading.
10) How did the Europeans justify taking Indian land?
They thought they could exploit the land more effectively because they felt superior.
11) What impact did European farm animals have on North America? Which animal was particularly
destructive?
The animals ate their crops and food. The most damaging animal was a pig.
12) What happened as the English population grew in New England?
They saw a rise in demand for new towns, food, and needs.
13) Who was Metacom (Philip)? What was he like?
An English tourist described him as strolling around the streets of Boston decked out with large amounts
of wampum, exhibiting his wealth and his authority, and at ease wandering in this environment that the
English and the local inhabitants of the area had jointly built. He was Massasoit's son number two.
14) What were Praying Towns?
Puritans built a town where they planned to baptize Native Americans.
15) How did the English acquire Indian lands?
They put the Indians under pressure to cede their territory.
16) What led to King Philip’s War?
It was led by colonists and resulted in additional territory and Philip's troops being killed.
17) What impacts did King Philip’s War have?
Numerous communities were destroyed, and many people died.
18) What was the turning point of King Philip’s War?
When "Philip signed a confession in which he professed treachery to the English and vowed to turn up
whatever weapons the Wampanoag had gathered," that's when things really started to change.
19) What happened to Metacom? How is he a metaphor for the Native American experience with the
Europeans?
A soldier shot and murdered Metacom. His demise served as a cautionary tale of how the English handle
uprising.
Identifications
Directions:
Explain each of the following terms. Include the date and historical significance of the term.
You can look terms up online to add additional information.
Wampanoag :
The Wampanoag tribe was known for their
beadwork, wood carvings, and
baskets
. Here are some pictures of a Wampanoag basket being woven. Wampanoag artists
were especially famous for crafting wampum out of white and purple shell beads.
Massassoit :
Massasoit Sachem or Ousamequin was the sachem or leader of the Wampanoag
confederacy. Massasoit means Great Sachem.
Mayflower
:
Mayflower was an English ship that transported a group of English families, known today
as the Pilgrims, from England to the New World in 1620.
Pawtuxet :
Pawtuxet Village is a section of the New England cities of Warwick and Cranston, Rhode
Island. It is located at the point where the Pawtuxet River flows into the Providence River and
Narragansett Bay.
Sachem :
The Sachem Central School District is one of the largest school districts by population on
Long Island and among all suburban school districts in New York, United States
Edward Winslow :
Edward Winslow was a Separatist who traveled on the Mayflower in 1620. He was
one of several senior leaders on the ship and also later at Plymouth Colony. Both Edward Winslow
and his brother, Gilbert Winslow signed the Mayflower Compact
.
Squanto :
Tisquantum, more commonly known as Squanto, was a member of the Patuxet tribe best
known for being an early liaison between the Native American population in Southern New England
and the Mayflower Pilgrims who made their settlement at the site of Tisquantum's former summer
village.
Separatists :
Separatism is the advocacy of cultural, ethnic, tribal, religious, racial, governmental or
gender separation from the larger group. As with secession, separatism conventionally refers to full
political separation. Groups simply seeking greater autonomy are not separatist as such.
Miles Standish :
Myles Standish was an English military officer. He was hired as military adviser for
Plymouth Colony in present-day Massachusetts, United States by the Pilgrims.
Wampum :
Wampum is a traditional shell bead of the Eastern Woodlands tribes of Native Americans.
It includes white shell beads hand-fashioned from the North Atlantic channeled whelk shell and white
and purple beads made from the quahog or Western North Atlantic hard-shelled clam.
John Winthrop :
John Winthrop was an English Puritan lawyer and one of the leading figures in
founding the Massachusetts Bay Colony, the second major settlement in New England following
Plymouth Colony. Winthrop led the first large wave of colonists from England in 1630 and served as
governor for 12 of the colony's first 20 years.
Pequot War :
The Pequot War was an armed conflict that took place between 1636 and 1638 in New
England between the Pequot tribe and an alliance of the colonists from the Massachusetts Bay,
Plymouth, and Saybrook colonies and their allies from the Narragansett and Mohegan tribes
Metacom :
Metacomet, also known as Pometacom, Metacom, and by his adopted English name
King Philip, was sachem to the Wampanoag people and the second son of the sachem Massasoit.
Metacom became sachem in 1662 when his brother Wamsutta died shortly after the death of their
father.
Praying Towns :
Praying towns were
a series of settlements established by English colonial
governments in New England from 1646 to 1675 in an effort to convert local Native
Americans to Christianity
. The native people who moved into these towns were known
as
Praying Indians
.
“Tears of Repentance” :
Tears of Repentance is an important contribution to American colonial and
Native American history,
offering new ways of examining how Native groups and
individuals recast Protestant theology to restore their Native communities and cultures
.
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Josiah Winslow :
Josiah Winslow was the 13th Governor of Plymouth Colony. In records of the time,
historians also name him Josias Winslow, and modern writers have carried that name forward.
King Philip’s War :
King Philip's War was an armed conflict in 1675–1676 between indigenous
inhabitants of New England and New England colonists and their indigenous allies.
Iroquois :
The Iroquois, officially the Haudenosaunee are an Iroquoian-speaking confederacy of First
Nations peoples in northeast North America/Turtle Island. They were known during the colonial years
to the French as the Iroquois League, and later as the Iroquois Confederacy.