CJ 347 Module Four Assignment

CJ 347 Module Four Assignment Template Name: Ashley Gadue Part 1: Historical Evolution of Policing Tools The Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s brought attention to the issue of police brutality and the need for reform in law enforcement. This led to the creation of the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA) in 1968, which provided federal funding for police training and research. In 1966, the Supreme Court ruled in Miranda v. Arizona that criminal suspects must be informed of their right to remain silent and their right to an attorney before being interrogated by police. In the 1980s, the United States government declared a “War on Drugs” and implemented harsher drug laws and mandatory minimum sentences. The terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, led to a significant shift in law enforcement priorities. The Department of Homeland Security was created. In the last decades of the 20th century, criminology grew to encompass a number of specialized study areas. One of these was criminalistics, or scientific crime detection, which involves such measures as photography, toxicology, fingerprint study, and DNA evidence. Criminology has had many different theories and brought about many new laws, acts, and opportunities for advancement. It’s constantly evolving and improving. Part 2: Comparison of Current Policing Tools Fill in the “Explanation/Purpose” column for each database. Then place an X in the “Yes” or “No” column to indicate which features are available for each database. Database Explanation/Purpose Features/Functions Yes No QGIS/ArcGIS ArcGIS can be used for desktop, web, and mobile applications. ArcGIS offers mapping, analysis, and data management tools that help users create detailed maps, query data layers, and perform spatial analytics. It also has a wide range of prebuilt apps, templates and data models that help users get up and running quickly. QGIS is a free and open- source GIS software package primarily developed by volunteers worldwide. It supports many vector and raster formats, allowing for the manipulation of large amounts of spatial data. QGIS also has a range of powerful graphical and analysis tools that can create detailed maps, query data layers, and perform complex spatial analyses. It also includes a selection of plugins for additional functionality. (Admin 2023) QGIS can be used for free to those on a financial budget. ArcGIS requires an annual subscription. Interactive visualization x Mobile x Analyze crime patterns x Long-term application x Short-term application x User-friendly x Excel Excel is a spreadsheet program from Microsoft and a component of its Office product group for business applications. Microsoft Excel enables users to format, organize and calculate data in a spreadsheet. (Gillis A.S. 2021) Excel is commonly used for financial and accounting purposes. Excel requires a Microsoft office 360 subscription. Interactive visualization x Mobile x Analyze crime patterns x Long-term application x Short-term application x

Database Explanation/Purpose Features/Functions Yes No User-friendly x ATAC ATAC (Automated Tactical Analysis of Crime) is a software solution that helps crime analysts isolate, identify, track, and defeat crime patterns, trends, and series using an easy-to-use and powerful graphical interface. ( Crime Analysis Program From: BAIR Software , 2007) Interactive visualization x Mobile x Analyze crime patterns x Long-term application x Short-term application x User-friendly x SPSS SPSS is a software program made by IBM. IBM’s software can use historical crime data, profiles, maps and typology, as well as other events like weather, holidays, or paydays, as input data. (Upturn, n.d.) Interactive visualization x Mobile x Analyze crime patterns x Long-term application x Short-term application x User-friendly x Tableau Tableau is an end-to-end data analytics platform that allows you to prep, analyze, collaborate, and share your big data insights. Tableau excels in self-service visual analysis, allowing people to ask new questions of governed big data and easily share those insights across the organization. ( Big Data Analytics: What It Is, How It Works, Benefits, and Challenges , n.d.) Interactive visualization x Mobile x Analyze crime patterns x Long-term application x Short-term application x User-friendly x LexisNexis Community Crime Mapping LexisNexis® Risk Solutions Community Crime Map is an online tool and mobile app that promotes cooperation and communication between law enforcement and the public. It allows law enforcement to share selected crime data and automatically alerts citizens about recent local crime activity to encourage community policing and raise awareness. ( National Crime Mapping and Analytics Software | LexisNexis Risk Solutions , n.d.) Interactive visualization x Mobile x Analyze crime patterns x Long-term application x Short-term application x User-friendly x Part 3: Tool Selection I would choose LexisNexis. This would be my choice because it’s visually appealing, easy to use and alerts you about recent crime law enforcement is dealing with. It builds trust and respect between law enforcement and the community. References Admin. (2023, April 21). ArcGIS vs QGIS – Which GIS Platform is Right for You? - Geographical Analysis. Geographical Analysis . https://geographicalanalysis.com/arcgis-vs-qgis/