APUSH Chapter 29 Review ANSWER KEY
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A)
value of the programs on which the money will be spent
B)
amount of revenue generated by the tax
C)
costs of administering the tax collection procedures
D)
ability of people to pay the tax
1. A basic feature of a progressive tax is that it takes into account the
A)
Fifteenth Amendment
B)
Sixteenth Amendment
C)
Seventeenth Amendment
D)
Eighteenth Amendment
2. Which amendment permitted the creation of an income tax?
A)
Enactment of a high tariff
B)
Adoption of a property tax
C)
Establishment of a flat tax
D)
Implementation of a progressive tax
3. How did Congress attempt to deal with the issue of taxing citizens fairly during the
Progressive Era?
A)
The federal government declared that it would need an additional source of
revenue to institute the reforms desired by the Progressives.
B)
Many felt it was necessary for the government to have funds that could be
used in case of national emergencies.
C)
They believed it was necessary to limit the wealth of the industrialists.
D)
It would provide a means of increasing the power of the central government,
something the Progressives strongly wanted.
4. Why did Progressives feel the need for the implementation of an income tax?
A)
value of the programs on which the money will be spent
B)
amount of revenue generated by the tax
C)
ability of people to pay the tax
D)
the possibility of a balanced budget
5. A basic feature of a progressive tax is that it takes into account the
C
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C
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Y
C
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Y
C
Base your answers to questions 6
and 7
on the picture below and your knowledge of social studies.
A)
make a case against male suffrage
B)
advocate a militaristic foreign policy
C)
show that suffragettes intend to infringe on the political rights of males
D)
point out the absurdity of arguments against female suffrage
6. The purpose of this picture is to
A)
democratic rhetoric
B)
patriotic rhetoric
C) satire
D)
facts and data
7. This picture makes an argument for women's suffrage using
A)
Presidents would often be graded by their choices of cabinet members.
B)
The size of the federal government greatly increased.
C)
Government debt increased to huge levels unseen during peacetime.
D)
Congress reasserted itself and often overruled the executive.
E)
The State Department became more important than the Defense Department.
8. What was one result of the presidencies of Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard
Taft, and Woodrow Wilson?
A)
Bryan won the election.
B)
Farmers and labor continued an alliance which would last until Franklin
Delano Roosevelt took office.
C)
Organized labor would be associated with the Democratic Party
throughout most of the 20
th
century.
D)
The American Federation of Labor lost the power it had gained after Bryan
lost the election.
E)
Organized labor would come to be a major force in politics during the 1920s.
9. What was one legacy of the American Federation of Labor's endorsement of
William Jennings Bryan in the 1908 election?
A)
it was the beginning of a second period of Republican dominance of
politics
B)
it was the first model of modern campaigning using money and media
C)
it marked the adoption of a U.S. policy of active imperialism
D)
it reaffirmed the strength of the rural and populist vote
E)
it set a precedent of the American president as a world leader
10. The election of William McKinley as president was a turning point in American
history for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
A)
Switch to the secret, or "Australian", ballot for voting
B)
Public ownership of utilities, such as water and electric systems
C)
Social welfare, including broadened individual protections
D)
Banning of alcohol in line with the prohibition movement
E)
Implementation of direct primaries
11. Which of the following is an important Progressive municipal-level reform, first
championed by Cleveland mayor Tom Johnson?
A)
Progressives lobbying for greater transparency
B)
Incompetence of party-appointed officials in his administration
C)
Scandals involving Cabinet members taking kickbacks
D)
Pork barrel bills frequently passed by Congress
E)
Assassination of James Garfield by a disgruntled office seeking
supporter
12. What was Chester Arthur's immediate motivation for implementing governmental
reform and reducing the use of the spoils system?
C
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Y
C
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Y
C
A)
Bryan won the election.
B)
Farmers and labor continued an alliance which would last under Franklin
Delano Roosevelt took office.
C)
Organized labor would be associated with the Democratic Party
throughout most of the 20
th
century.
D)
The American Federation of Labor lost the power it had gained after Bryan
lost the election.
E)
Organized labor would come to be a major force in politics during the
1920s.
13. What was one legacy of the American Federation of Labor's endorsement of
William Jennings Bryan in the 1908 election?
A)
Presidents would often be graded by their choices of cabinet members.
B)
The size of the federal government greatly increased.
C)
Government debt increased to huge levels unseen during peacetime.
D)
Congress reasserted itself and often overruled the executive.
E)
The State Department became more important than the Defense
Department.
14. What was one result of the presidencies of Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard
Taft, and Woodrow Wilson?
A)
the decentralization of the federal government
B)
the increase in taxation
C)
the formation of labor unions
D)
the decline of immigration
E)
industrialization and the growth of cities
15. In the United States, many of the reform movements of the early 1900s were
primarily the result of
A)
it would bring equality to the political system
B)
certain social reforms would no longer be overlooked with a dramatic
increase in women's votes
C)
women's suffrage would rid the United States of many societal ills
D)
the political landscape of the United States needed a dramatic overhaul
E)
women voters would align more with the Democratic party
16. Under the leadership of Carrie Chapman Catt, the National American Woman
Suffrage Association argued for women's suffrage because they believed
A)
bring an end to the corrupt spoils system by implementing civil service
examinations
B)
become more democratic by adopting the initiative, recall, and referendum
C)
create an expert board of directors which would supervise the actions
of the government
D)
adopt a graduated income tax, thereby limiting the wealth of affluent
industrialists
E)
investigate the practices of public utilities and insurance companies
17. The "Wisconsin Idea" pioneered by Robert La Follette enabled the government to
A)
I only
B)
II and III only
C)
I and II only
D)
I and III only
E)
I, II, and III
18. Which of the following presidents incorporated progressive philosophy into his
respective administration?
I. William McKinley
II. Theodore Roosevelt
III. William Howard Taft
A) Maine
B) Wisconsin
C) Michigan
D) Massachusetts
E) Wyoming
19. Which state became the first to grant women voting rights?
A)
further enhance the checks and balances system of the three branches of
government
B)
give political parties more control of the electoral process
C)
grant more political authority to the citizens
D)
eliminate the corrupt boss system practiced in many American cities
E)
increase government regulation of industry
20. The initiative, referendum, recall, and direct primary were all intended to
A)
Give more people the opportunity to attain employment in the government
B)
Demonstrate how governments did not practice discrimination
C)
Eliminate the patronage and corruption in government hiring
D)
Support the development of public employee labor unions
E)
Ensure that people in government jobs had adequate skill
21. Laws that required individuals to pass civil service examinations in order to
obtain government jobs were instituted at the end of the nineteenth century for all
of the following reasons EXCEPT
A)
restricted the president's control over the military
B)
gave 18-year-old citizens the right to vote
C)
eliminated the poll tax
D)
provided for direct election of United States Senators
E)
limited the term of office of the President of the United States
22. As a result of Progressive Era politics, the United States became more democratic
with the adoption of a constitutional amendment that
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Base your answers to questions 23
through 28
on the following political cartoon and your knowledge of social studies.
A)
Those who became wealthy as a result of the Industrial Revolution have a duty to help the less fortunate.
B)
The wealthy in the United States were only responsible for themselves and their families.
C)
The government should be responsible for helping the people of the United States in getting back on their feet.
D)
The new wealth generated by decades of economic excess should be given to various Church groups.
23. Which of the following best describes the central message of Andrew Carnegie's The Gospel of Wealth
article?
A)
The American Communist Party
B)
The American Federation of Labor
C)
The League of Women Voters
D)
The American Workers League
24. Which of the following organizations was created in order to bolster the power of labor unions to bargain with big businesses?
A)
Carpet Baggers
B)
Yellow Journalists
C) Copperheads
D) Muckrakers
25. Reporters who sought to address corruption through sensational news stories were most commonly referred to as which of the following?
A)
He was in the pocket of big business and never managed to decrease their power.
B)
He was responsible for passing numerous pieces of anti-monopoly legislation and successfully dismantled several large "trusts".
C)
He spent his entire presidency attempting to pass legislation to break the power of big business.
D)
He placed numerous judges in federal courts around the country who were hostile to big business.
26. Which of the following best describes the reason that Teddy Roosevelt was nicknamed the "Trust Buster"?
A)
Legislation was created in order to deregulate the economy and allow business to grow unhindered.
B)
There was a general feeling of responsibility to balance the economic excess of the late 19th century with concentration of social justice.
C)
There was increased cooperation between government and businesses to help support the cause of labor unions.
D)
The United States was enjoying a socialist revolution and the power of businesses would never be the same again.
27. Which of the following statements is most indicative of the Progressive Era?
A)
Sherman Antitrust Act.
B)
The Dawes Act.
C)
Smoot-Hawley Act.
D)
The New Deal.
28. Which piece of legislation was enacted to prevent the formation of monopolies?
C
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Y
C
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Y
C
O
P
Y
C
A)
provided for federal regulations of the sanitation in meatpacking plants
B)
prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of incorrectly labeled
foods and drugs
C)
empowered the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) by permitting
it to set its own freight and railroad rates
D)
forced company officials to testify in court cases dealing with the illegal
actions of their respective corporations
E)
established a policy of conservation that included the designation of
national parks, federal irrigation projects, and creation of a branch of
government to overlook America's natural resources
29. In 1906, President Theodore Roosevelt persuaded Congress to pass the Hepburn
Act of 1906 which
A)
Theodore Roosevelt
B)
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
C)
Woodrow Wilson
D)
Calvin Coolidge
E)
Herbert Hoover
30. The reserve of land for national forests and the Newlands Reclamation Act,
which established irrigation projects in the West, are associated with which
president?
A)
Roosevelt's succession ultimately led him to become the first president to
serve more than two terms.
B)
Roosevelt's succession marked a change from foreign isolationism to
American imperialism.
C)
Roosevelt's succession gave newfound political power and leadership to
the Progressive movement.
D)
U.S. relations with Asia faltered, but ties to Latin America were
strengthened.
E)
Trust-busting efforts were increased, but conservation efforts were
curtailed.
31. What was an unexpected outcome of the assassination of President McKinley by
an anarchist?
A)
Its central prerogative was to create a reservation in North Dakota.
B)
Its main goal was to divide tribal lands.
C)
It called for the complete assimilation of Native Americans.
D)
It allowed Native Americans to resettle some of their old territory.
E)
Its main goal was to liberalize Native American culture.
32. Which of the following statements about the federal government's Native
American policy during the early twentieth century is most accurate?
A)
He created the Federal Reserve Bank.
B)
He worked hard to pass civil rights legislation.
C)
He was the last president who supported the Jim Crow laws.
D)
He was the first president to work out labor disputes.
E)
He was the last president who believed in manifest destiny.
33. Which of the following statements about Theodore Roosevelt is most accurate?
A)
civil rights
B) trust-busting
C)
railroad regulation
D)
consumer protection
E)
environmental conservation
34. Theodore Roosevelt's greater accomplishments as president were in all of the
following areas EXCEPT
A)
An evil which must be eliminated
B)
A boon which helps the American economy
C)
A tool to help America expand internationally
D)
A necessary factor in the economy which must be planned around
E)
A problem which should be left for the states
35. Which of the following best describes how Theodore Roosevelt saw big
business?
A)
tax reform
B) conservation
C)
food inspection
D)
urban affairs
E)
gun control
36. An area in government Theodore Roosevelt was particularly associated with was
A)
Hepburn Act
B)
Pure Food and Drug Act
C)
Taft-Hartley Act
D)
Meat Inspection Act
E)
Clayton Anti-Trust Act
37. All of the following were pieces of Progressive Era legislation EXCEPT the
A)
Roosevelt supported trust-busting of bad monopolies
B)
Roosevelt's domestic policy was called the Square Deal
C)
Roosevelt was a powerful executive
D)
Roosevelt desired to lower tariffs and reform American monetary
policy
E)
Roosevelt was an ardent imperialist
38. All of the following are true about Theodore Roosevelt EXCEPT
A)
Roosevelt faced off continuously with the Supreme Court.
B)
Roosevelt was a stronger executive and dominated Congress.
C)
Roosevelt used his veto frequently, but was often overridden by Congress.
D)
Roosevelt was able to break up trusts completely with his executive
authority.
E)
Roosevelt was not overshadowed by his powerful cabinet appointments.
39. What distinguished Theodore Roosevelt as an executive from the presidents
immediately before him?
A)
Andrew Jackson
B)
Abraham Lincoln
C)
Benjamin Harrison
D)
Theodore Roosevelt
E)
John F. Kennedy
40. Which of the following was a Progressive Era president?
A)
William McKinley
B)
Franklin Roosevelt
C)
Theodore Roosevelt
D)
Woodrow Wilson
E)
Harry Truman
41. A "square deal" for Americans is most closely associated with which president?
A)
reduce corruption in government
B)
eliminate all monopolies
C)
encourage competition in business
D)
end strikes by labor unions
E)
favor the workers by creating laws that would improve conditions in
factories and promote union activity
42. One of the main purposes of President Theodore Roosevelt's policies dealing with
big business consolidations and trusts was to
A)
He greatly promoted conservation.
B)
He opposed all monopolies and other big business consolidations.
C)
He implemented Progressive reforms like the Meat Inspection Act and the
Pure Food and Drug Act.
D)
He expanded the power of the Interstate Commerce Commission through
the Hepburn Act.
E)
He further centralized the federal government.
43. Which of the following is NOT an example of how President Roosevelt
contributed to the Progressive movement?
A)
They were muckraker journalists who wrote extensively on the horrible
sanitary conditions in city slums and factories.
B)
Both were preservationists who encouraged Roosevelt to make the
conservation of America's natural resources an important priority of
his presidency.
C)
They were leaders in the 1902 Coal Miners Strike who inspired Roosevelt
to adopt his "Square Deal" political campaign.
D)
They were nineteenth century writers who wrote about the importance of
maintaining a strong foreign influence, thus encouraging Roosevelt to
implement his Big Stick diplomacy.
E)
Both were Progressive politicians who inspired Theodore Roosevelt to
align himself with the Progressives.
44. How did John Muir and Gifford Pinchot influence President Roosevelt?
A)
Environmental issues are best decided by the private sector.
B)
Unlimited access to natural resources is the key to business growth.
C)
Wilderness areas and their resources should be protected for the public
good.
D)
Decisions about the use of natural resources should be left to the states.
E)
The government can encourage citizens and business to protect the
wilderness by offering financial incentives.
45. Which statement best describes President Theodore Roosevelt's views about
conservation?
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C
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C
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C
A)
II only
B)
I and II only
C)
II and III only
D)
III only
E)
I, II, and III
46. Which of the following was part of Theodore Roosevelt's conservation efforts
during his presidency?
I. Creation of federal irrigation projects
II. Establishment of national parks and forests
III. Establishment of the National Conservation Commission to oversee the
nation's resources
A)
for the government to retain public ownership of land and forest
resources
B)
to offer financial incentives to big businesses for using more
environmentally-efficient means of production
C)
to work with land owners out West to come to an agreement about which
land could be developed
D)
to expand the availability of space around cities or other already settled
areas, thereby protecting unsettled portions of the United States
E)
to give financial rewards to private investors who would agree to buy and
preserve land in unsettled areas of the United States
47. President Roosevelt believed the best way for the United States to conserve its
natural resources was
A)
"Dollar Diplomacy"
B)
"New Deal"
C)
"Return to normalcy"
D)
"Square Deal"
E)
"Great Society"
48. President Roosevelt's political campaign to concede more to labor unions and to
the American people became famous for which of the following slogans?
A)
it was the first time in American labor history that the labor union proved
victorious, getting all of its demands met by the business owners
B)
it resulted in the merging of the two largest labor unions in the United
States, the AFL and CIO
C)
it marked the first time that the federal government intervened in a
labor dispute without favoring the side of the business owner
D)
the violent protest encouraged Congress to establish a series of laws that
stipulated how to resolve labor disputes before they became violent
E)
it was the first time the federal government intervened without having to
use military force to suppress the protest
49. The Coal Miners Strike of 1902 was significant because
A)
Many companies suffered great losses as they had to improve the
conditions in their factories.
B)
These laws ironically encouraged monopolies because most small scale
meatpacking businesses collapsed financially while larger companies
could afford to meet the requirements of the new laws.
C)
Most of the meatpacking companies avoided having to meet the
requirements of the new laws by relocating to less populated areas out
West.
D)
Only the large meatpacking companies were affected by President
Roosevelt's laws.
E)
The industry suffered financially even after companies sanitized their
factories because consumers remained hesitant about purchasing meat.
50. How did the Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act affect the
meatpacking industry?
A)
Hepburn Act
B)
Federal Bankruptcy Act
C)
Immunity of Witness Act
D)
Mann-Elkins Act
E)
Meat Inspection Act
51. Upton Sinclair's 1906 novel, The Jungle
, was influential in the enactment of what
law?
A)
provided for federal regulations of the sanitation in the meatpacking plants
B)
prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of incorrectly labeled
foods and drugs
C)
empowered the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) by permitting
the ICC to set its own freight and railroad rates
D)
forced company officials to testify in court cases dealing with the illegal
actions of their respective corporations
E)
established a policy of conservation that included the designation of
national parks, federal irrigation projects, creation of a branch of
government to overlook America’s natural resources
52. In 1906, President Roosevelt persuaded Congress to pass the Hepburn Act of
1906 which
A)
Trusts could not be eliminated because they were necessary for the welfare
of the national economy.
B)
The power of monopolies should be limited by permitting good trusts
and breaking up bad trusts.
C)
Any trusts in industries that did not have a powerful labor union could
continue to operate.
D)
All trusts that maintained safe factory conditions were not forced to split
up.
E)
All monopolies in the older industries like railroads, meatpacking, and oil
were protected from his antitrust reforms.
53. Despite being labeled as a trustbuster, Theodore Roosevelt believed which of the
following?
A)
the middle class
B) consumers
C)
farmers
D)
urban workers
E)
business leaders
54. All of the following would have most likely supported the political goals of
Theodore Roosevelt EXCEPT
A) Friend
B) Teacher
C) Umpire
D) Enemy
E) Stranger
55. Which analogy best describes how Theodore Roosevelt envisioned the
government's role with respect to big business?
A)
government should take a laissez-faire approach
B)
it was government's responsibility to actively regulate the dealings of
big business
C)
government should befriend big business by offering tax deductions,
government subsidies, and other benefits
D)
governments should work with big business to gain foreign power by
opening overseas factories
E)
a socialist system should be established to correct the widespread
corruption in big business
56. Theodore Roosevelt's attitudes toward the government's involvement in business
varied greatly from those of his predecessor, William McKinley, in that he
believed
A)
To correct all of the problems Roosevelt's attempted reforms created
B)
To enhance the policies and reforms initiated by Roosevelt by making them
even more progressive
C)
To consolidate rather than expand Theodore Roosevelt's reforms by
giving them the sanction of law
D)
To concentrate more on domestic policy since Theodore Roosevelt's
presidency emphasized foreign diplomacy
E)
To meet the demands of the upper classes
57. What did Taft believe his mission was as President following the administration
of Theodore Roosevelt?
A)
politically incompetent
B)
a conservative supporter of trusts
C)
an able administrator
D)
progressive on issues of tax reform
E)
unable to close the rift between old Republicans and young progressives
58. William Howard Taft is viewed in all of the following ways EXCEPT as
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A)
ending Theodore Roosevelt's crusade for conservationism
B)
siding with Speaker of the House Joe Cannon in his continued efforts for
dictatorial control of Congressional power
C)
starting fewer anti-trust suits than Theodore Roosevelt
D)
compromising on the record-high Payne-Aldrich Tariff
E)
allowing old guard Republicans to control his links to Congress
59. William Howard Taft was unable to follow through with Progressive reforms
during his term in all of the following ways EXCEPT
A)
the United States should implement a policy of imperialism
B)
the United States should remain isolated as to avoid conflicts with other
nations
C)
the United States had the right to intervene if any nation in the
Western Hemisphere appeared so politically or fiscally unstable as to
be vulnerable to European control
D)
the United States should provide economic aid to war-ravaged or politically
unstable nations to develop foreign allies
E)
a policy of international peace should be created by permitting freedom of
the seas in peace and war and barriers to international free trade should be
ended
60. The philosophy of Dollar Diplomacy was based on the Roosevelt Corollary to the
Monroe Doctrine, which stated that
A)
Big Stick Diplomacy
B)
Dollar Diplomacy
C)
Open Door Policy
D)
Fourteen Points
E)
Marshall Plan
61. Taft's foreign policy of international law and economic rather than military action
was nicknamed which of the following?
A)
To correct all of the problems Roosevelt's attempted reforms created
B)
To enhance the policies and reforms initiated by Roosevelt, making them
even more progressive
C)
To consolidate rather than expand Theodore Roosevelt's reforms by
giving them the sanction of law
D)
To concentrate more on domestic policy since Theodore Roosevelt's
presidency emphasized foreign diplomacy
E)
To meet the demands of the upper classes
62. What did President Taft believe his mission was as president following the
administration of Theodore Roosevelt?
A)
Taft's trust-busting policies called for the complete dissolution of any
companies which controlled more than 45% of an industry.
B)
Taft enacted the Payne-Aldrich Act which raised tariffs on goods.
C)
Taft's progressive philosophy was too radical, exhibiting many similarities
to the socialists.
D)
Taft disapproved of Theodore Roosevelt's big stick diplomacy, believing
that America should implement a policy of isolationism instead.
E)
William Howard Taft fired the conservationist Gifford Pinchot when he
protested the Secretary of the Interior Richard Ballinger's sale of coal
mines in Alaska.
63. What was one of the main reasons why Theodore Roosevelt broke away from the
political views of President Taft?
A)
Hepburn Act and Pure Food and Drug Act
B)
Meat Inspection Act and Prohibition
C)
Prohibition and women's suffrage
D)
Direct election of senators and creation of a federal income tax
E)
Immunity of Witness Act and the Platt Amendment
64. Which of the following were reforms initiated during the Taft presidency?
A)
It was a way of continuing the conservation measures initiated by Theodore
Roosevelt.
B)
It bolstered the regulatory powers of the ICC.
C)
It enforced a foreign policy of isolationism.
D)
It made the personal income tax graduated.
E)
It ordered the complete dissolution of companies which controlled more
than 45% of an industry.
65. What was the purpose of the Mann-Elkins Act signed by President Taft in 1910?
A)
Taft was much more conservative, often practicing a laissez-faire approach
to regulating big business.
B)
Roosevelt believed that large trusts had to be dissolved, while Taft aimed to
regulate big businesses without having to resort to dissolution immediately.
C)
Taft was actually more of a trustbuster than Roosevelt, creating twice
as many antitrust proceedings as Roosevelt had, and signing a number
of long-deferred measures, including a corporation tax.
D)
Taft permitted good trusts while seeking to split up bad trusts that exploited
consumers.
E)
Taft deferred the regulation of big businesses to the Bureau of Corporations
while Roosevelt took on many antitrust cases on his own.
66. What was a difference between Theodore Roosevelt and William H. Taft with
respect to trustbusting?
A)
made the regulations on factory safety more lenient for business owners
B)
denied the Interstate Commerce Commission the extra power it was granted
by Theodore Roosevelt
C)
approved of a flat tax which favored the upper classes
D)
raised tariffs on goods, when Progressives were looking for ways to
reduce rates
E)
legalized a personal income tax
67. In one of his first actions as president, William H. Taft angered Progressives by
passing the Payne-Aldrich Act which
A)
he believed campaigning under the "Bull Moose" Party, as the Progressive
Party was known, would make better use of his reputation for being tough
and able.
B)
he felt the success of his first years in office ensured him enough popular
support to win a third term.
C)
he had split with the Republican Party, which had nominated President
Taft for reelection.
D)
he actually supported Woodrow Wilson for the presidency.
E)
he felt his chosen presidential successor failed to continue key antitrust
action.
68. Please choose the best answer out of the possible choices.
Teddy Roosevelt ran in the 1912 presidential election as the Progressive Party
candidate because
A)
popular support for interventionist foreign policy
B)
Taft's decision to run as a Progressive incumbent
C)
a split of Republican votes between Taft and Roosevelt
D)
the House of Representatives' control when elections end in a plurality
E)
the Republican Party's dissatisfaction with Roosevelt's politics
69. Woodrow Wilson won the 1912 election over William Howard Taft and Theodore
Roosevelt thanks in large part to
A)
Woodrow Wilson – Democratic Party
B)
William Howard Taft – Republican Party
C)
Eugene Debs – Socialist Party
D)
William Jennings Bryan- People's Party (Populists)
E)
Theodore Roosevelt – Progressive Party
70. New Nationalism was the program of which of the following presidential
candidates in 1912?
A)
was the brainchild of Progressive presidential candidate Robert La Follette
B)
emphasized the role of the federal government as a regulator of
business
C)
was enacted in 1917 as a result of several congressional overrides of
President Wilson's veto
D)
was instrumental in the defeat of William Howard Taft for the Republican
nomination for president in 1916
E)
was declared illegal by an executive order in 1916, as it was the radical
platform of the Socialist Party
71. The program of New Nationalism
C
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Y
C
O
P
Y
C
O
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C
A)
the federal government should play a positive interventionist role in the
regulation of business
B)
the federal government should not be regulating monopolies but rather
shutting them down
C)
the federal government should under no circumstances intervene in the
affairs of the business world
D)
the federal government should nationalize the major businesses of the
United States
E)
the federal government should actively promote democracy in Latin
American countries to ensure new markets for American businesses
72. An important tenet of Wilson's New Freedom platform during the election of
1912 was that
A)
New Freedom
B)
Square Deal
C)
New Nationalism
D)
New Federalism
E)
Fair Deal
73. The collective name for the reforms proposed by Woodrow Wilson during the
election of 1912 was the
A)
He believed that big business was bad for labor but necessary.
B)
He believed that big business was morally evil.
C)
He believed that big business should not be regulated.
D)
He believed that big business would cause international conflict.
E)
He believed that big business could be destroyed by supporting unions.
74. How did Woodrow Wilson's view of big business differ from those of his
competitors in the election of 1912?
A)
Roosevelt believed that Taft's government was too radical.
B)
Roosevelt was disappointed in Taft's lack of trust busting.
C)
Roosevelt was not satisfied that Taft had continued his progressive
programs.
D)
Roosevelt was unhappy with the income tax amendment Taft had passed.
E)
Roosevelt believed that Richard Ballinger should be Secretary of the
Interior.
75. Why did Theodore Roosevelt break with William Howard Taft and form his own
party in the election of 1912?
A)
Wilson's "New Freedom" called for a comprehensive reform program that
gave the U.S. government supervisory power over the economy.
B)
Wilson's "New Freedom" emphasized states' rights and warned
against a dangerous expansion of government powers.
C)
Roosevelt's "New Nationalism" was more conservative than what Woodrow
Wilson advocated.
D)
Roosevelt's "New Nationalism" encouraged a laissez-faire policy by the
federal government when dealing with the national economy.
E)
Wilson's "New Freedom" favored the middle and upper classes.
76. What was a difference between the "New Nationalism" advocated by Theodore
Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson's "New Freedom"?
A)
I only
B)
II only
C)
III only
D)
I and II only
E)
II and III only
77. Issues that were important during the election of 1912 included which of the
following?
I. Foreign policy
II. Economic turnaround to avoid a pending depression
III. Progressive government
A)
Conservative Republicans were frustrated with Taft's radically Progressive
reforms.
B)
Woodrow Wilson's campaign promises appealed to the conservative
Republicans and the Progressives.
C)
The Socialist candidate, Eugene Debs claimed many of the radically
progressive votes that Taft had won in the previous election.
D)
Many Progressives defected to the Bull Moose Party where Theodore
Roosevelt was running again.
E)
Taft was forced to abandon his campaign when health concerns arose.
78. William Howard Taft lost the election of 1912 because of which of the following?
A)
Elihu Root
B)
Cordell Hull
C)
William McAdoo
D)
Robert Rubin
E)
Salmon P. Chase
79. Who served as Woodrow Wilson's influential first secretary of the treasury?
A)
the Payne-Aldrich Tariff
B)
the Underwood Tariff
C)
the Currency Act
D)
the Espionage Act
E)
the Sedition Act
80. Which was a measure taken towards Progressive reform?
A)
yet another bill passed to help big business
B)
a bill that would have no real impact on business practices
C)
a step towards progressive reform of business
D)
an attempt to abolish the income tax
E)
a bill Wilson had to push through an unfriendly Republican Congress
81. The Underwood Tariff, passed under the Wilson administration, represented
A)
the Wilson-Gorman Tariff
B)
the Dingley Tariff
C)
the Payne-Aldrich Tariff
D)
the Underwood-Simmons Tariff
E)
the McKinley Tariff
82. Which bill, passed early in the Wilson administration, lowered tariff rates from 37
percent to 34 percent and added a graduated income tax?
A)
the 16
th
Amendment to be passed
B)
the tariff to be rescinded
C)
Secretary of the Treasury William Gibbs McAdoo to resign
D)
the Clayton Antitrust Act to be passed
E)
the Federal Reserve Act to be passed
83. A stipulation in the Underwood-Simmons Tariff Act caused
A)
I only
B)
I and II
C)
II and III
D)
I and III
E)
I, II, and III
84. Which topics did Woodrow Wilson call Congress to consider in a special session
at the beginning of his term?
I. Reduction of the tariff
II. Reform of national banking and currency laws
III. Improvements in antitrust laws
A)
lowered tariff rates significantly
B)
lowered tariff rates significantly and added an income tax
C)
raised tariff rates slightly
D)
added an income tax but did not change tariff rates
E)
added a revenue producing tariff but not a protective tariff
85. The Underwood-Simmons Tariff, in response to the Payne-Aldrich Tariff
A)
The governing Federal Reserve Board was elected by the states
B)
The Federal Reserve Bank in each of the twelve regions controlled the
loans of the region adjacent to it
C)
State banks were required to join the system
D)
Money loaned by the Federal Reserve Banks were backed 60 percent
by commercial paper and forty percent by gold
E)
The discount rate could only be controlled by member banks
86. What was one unique feature of the Federal Reserve System under the Federal
Reserve Act?
A)
the power to loan money to member banks
B)
the power to control the discount rate
C)
the power to issue currency
D)
the power to hold the gold reserves of its members
E)
the power to determine the national tax policy
87. All of the following were powers delegated to the Federal Reserve under the
Federal Reserve Act EXCEPT
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C
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Y
C
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C
A)
that was owned by the government
B)
that was controlled by private banks
C)
that was divided into twelve regional banks
D)
that would require all national, state, and regional banks to join the system
E)
that would be completely controlled by the Secretary of the Treasury
88. Most Republicans during the Wilson administration, led by Senator Nelson
Aldrich of Rhode Island, favored a national bank
A)
the Federal Reserve Act became an important piece of legislation while the
Federal Trade Commission proved toothless
B)
the Federal Reserve Act demonstrated the principles of Wilson's "New
Freedom" while the Federal Trade Commission demonstrated the
principles of Roosevelt's "New Nationalism"
C)
the Federal Reserve Act was controlled by the states while the Federal
Trade Commission was controlled by the federal government
D)
the Federal Reserve Act was controlled by the president while the Federal
Trade Commission was controlled by Congress
E)
the Federal Reserve Act was supported by Progressives while the Federal
Trade Commission was opposed by Progressives
89. The Federal Reserve Act differed from the Federal Trade Commission in that
A)
commitment towards the execution of Wilson's New Freedom
B)
Wilson moving towards Roosevelt's New Nationalism
C)
the interests of big business triumphing over attempts at progress
D)
legislation that, although intended to be progressive, would have little
effect
E)
state and national banks' control over industry in the United States
90. The Underwood Tariff, the Clayton Antitrust Act, and the Federal Reserve Act all
demonstrated
A)
the nation was divided into twelve regions with a bank in each region
B)
commercial banks in each region owned the banks via stock holdings
C)
the Federal Reserve Banks loaned money to member banks at a lower
interest rate than the public paid to member banks
D)
the system was supervised and run by a Federal Reserve Board
composed of twelve Senate members
E)
money lent to member banks was in the form of Federal Reserve Notes
91. All of the following are true about the Federal Reserve Act EXCEPT
A)
owned by private banks and centered in one place
B)
owned by private banks but spread throughout the country
C)
owned by the government
D)
run through the states
E)
run by the Senate
92. Democratic followers of William Jennings Bryan wanted the Federal Reserve
System to be
A)
it was controlled by both the states and the federal government
B)
the Senate and House held joint control over it
C)
it was private, but spread throughout the country
D)
it raised both income tax and revenue through tariffs
E)
farmers supported the banks but businessmen did not
93. The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 was a compromise because
A)
the problems with a large central bank controlled by private banks
B)
the need for more stability in the banking industry
C)
a reserve system owned by the federal government
D)
the problems with a Federal Reserve Board
E)
the triumph of the Progressive Party
94. One reason for the passing of the Federal Reserve Act was
A)
responsible for repealing all the provisions of the Sherman Antitrust Act of
1890
B)
hailed as a victory for big business
C)
a progressive act that attempted to eliminate the interlocking nature of
many corporations
D)
passed by Congress over President Wilson's veto
E)
declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in 1921, after the election
of President Warren Harding
95. The Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914 was
A)
the prohibition of the practice of black listing
B)
permission to break up any company controlling larger than a fifty percent
share in any market
C)
the prohibition of vertical integration
D)
that officers of corporations could be held personally responsible for
violations of antitrust laws
E)
that labor unions had a right to strike
96. One provision contained within the Clayton Antitrust Act was
A)
Sherman Antitrust Act
B)
Federal Reserve Act
C)
Clayton Antitrust Act
D)
Mann-Elkins Act
E)
Hepburn Act
97. A law passed during the Wilson administration which addressed price
discrimination and exclusive contracts to reduce competition was the
A)
Theodore Roosevelt's success in trust-busting corporations
B)
Corporate interests' realization that trusts were too powerful
C)
Labor unions' newfound power
D)
The failure of the Sherman Antitrust Act to be interpreted as Congress
intended
E)
William Howard Taft's strong progressive presidency
98. What was a factor which led to the passage of the Clayton Antitrust Act?
A)
the same person could not manage competing corporations
B)
labor unions were not to be considered "conspiracies in the restraint of
trade"
C)
price discrimination was prohibited
D)
stock ownership by a corporation in a competing corporation was
prohibited
E)
labor unions had the right to mediation with corporations
99. The Clayton Antitrust Act contained all of the following provisions EXCEPT
A)
was able to shut down all the corporations the Sherman Antitrust Act
could not
B)
dealt big business losses it could not come back from
C)
did not consider labor unions "combinations or conspiracies in the
restraint of trade"
D)
was equally inefficient in stopping trusts
E)
was used by Roosevelt to trust bust the largest corporations in America
100. The Clayton Antitrust Act, when compared to the Sherman Antitrust Act before
it
A)
commitment towards the execution of Wilson's New Freedom
B)
Wilson moving towards Roosevelt's New Nationalism
C)
the interests of big business triumphing over attempts at progress
D)
legislation that, although intended to be progressive, would have little
effect
E)
that state and national banks controlled industry in the United States
101. The Underwood Tariff, the Clayton Antitrust Act, and the Federal Reserve Act
all demonstrated
A)
was the brainchild of Progressive Presidential candidate Robert LaFollette
B)
emphasized the role of the federal government as a regulator of
business
C)
was enacted in 1917 as a result of several congressional overrides of
President Wilson's veto
D)
was instrumental in the defeat of William Howard Taft for the Republican
nomination for President in 1916
E)
was declared illegal by an executive order in 1916, as it was the radical
platform of the Socialist Party
102. The program of New Nationalism
C
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Y
C
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Y
C
O
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Y
C
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A)
Even as unfair institutions were reformed, racism and segregation
were as strong as
ever.
B)
Even as unfair institutions were reformed, U.S. imperialism was justified
by Social
Darwinism.
C)
Even as unfair institutions were reformed, the women's suffrage
movement was ignored
and denied.
D)
Even as idealism increased in the civil rights movement, racism and
segregation were
as strong as ever.
E)
Even as conservation efforts worked to preserve U.S. land, American
troops seized
foreign land for development.
103. Woodrow Wilson's personal views best reflected which irony of the Progressive
Era?
A)
favoring the independence of the Philippines
B)
the exemption of labor unions from prosecution under the Sherman
Anti-Trust Act
C)
regulating trusts rather than breaking them up
D)
supporting lower tariffs
E)
advocating a graduated income tax
104. All of the following positions were supported by Woodrow Wilson EXCEPT
A)
D.W. Griffith's The Birth of a Nation
B)
Secretary of the Treasury William G. McAdoo's decision to segregate
some workers
C)
the Great Migration north
D)
the Adamson Act
E)
labor decisions which hurt black workers
105. W.E.B. DuBois and William Monroe Trotter in 1913 protested over which of the
following?
A)
unfair trade practices were undefined
B)
the commission members were not appointed by the president
C)
the government could only act against corporations by bringing suit
D)
the same person could manage competing corporations
E)
officers of corporations were not held personally responsible for antitrust
violations
106. One problem with the Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914 was that
A)
corporations were no longer allowed to fight a decision in court
B)
unfair trade practices were specifically defined
C)
price discrimination was prohibited
D)
the government could act against corporations without bringing suit
E)
labor unions were officially recognized
107. A new innovation in the Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914 was that
A)
Federal Reserve Act
B)
Clayton Antitrust Act
C) 16
th
Amendment
D) 17
th
Amendment
E)
Federal Trade Commission Act
108. The income tax was authorized with the
A)
define citizenship rights
B)
legalize income tax
C)
provide for the direct election of senators
D)
allow the prohibition of alcohol
E)
prohibit preventing blacks from voting
109. The purpose of the 16
th
Amendment was to
A)
William Jennings Bryan and William Gibbs McAdoo
B)
Andrew Mellon and William Jennings Bryan
C)
Bernard Baruch and William Gibbs McAdoo
D)
Louis Brandeis and Bernard Baruch
E)
Andrew Mellon and Louis Brandeis
110. Woodrow Wilson's two most important cabinet appointments were
A)
Warren Harding
B)
Benjamin Harrison
C)
James Madison
D)
Woodrow Wilson
E)
Herbert Hoover
111. Which president was born in Virginia and served as President of Princeton
before becoming President of the United States?
A)
no incumbent was running for re-election
B)
the United States was at war in 1916
C)
there were only two major candidates for president in 1916
D)
Theodore Roosevelt ran for president as a Progressive in 1916
E)
the Socialist Party candidate ran his campaign from prison
112. The presidential election of 1916 differed from the election of 1912 in that
A)
Supreme Court Justice
B)
Governor of New York
C)
Secretary of State
D)
Ambassador to Great Britain
E)
Senator from New Jersey
113. In order to run for president in 1916, Charles Evans Hughes resigned from his
position as
A)
he came from a small state
B)
there were too few registered Republicans
C)
he had a reputation as being for big business
D)
he was an ineffective campaigner
E)
he was politically inexperienced
114. Charles Evans Hughes failed to unseat Woodrow Wilson in the election of 1916
because
A)
blacks who had supported the Republicans supporting Wilson
B)
a large surge in Democratic voter registration
C)
the South deciding to support Wilson
D)
Progressives supporting Wilson
E)
women supporting Wilson
115. Wilson received almost 50 percent more popular votes in 1916, largely due to
A)
They were the minority party.
B)
Theodore Roosevelt no longer resonated with the people.
C)
They were unable to find a strong issue on which to campaign.
D)
Voters disagreed with their neutrality position on World War I.
E)
They lost the support of black voters.
116. What was one reason the Republicans were unable to defeat Wilson in the
election of 1916?
A)
a campaign slogan for President Wilson
B)
an isolationist cry to stay out of World War II
C)
a slogan for William Jennings Bryan before the Spanish-American War
D)
an anti-expansionist saying about Zachary Taylor
E)
a campaign slogan for President Taft
117. "He kept us out of war" was
A)
"He kept us out of war"
B)
"He put money in our pockets"
C)
"He helped the little man"
D)
"He helped every man, woman, and child"
E)
"He worked for workers"
118. The Democrats' slogan for the 1916 election was
A) Labor
B) Progressives
C) Women
D) Blacks
E) Businessmen
119. Wilson's Democrats supported more social justice programs to win over what
group for the election of 1916?
A)
began to support banking reform
B)
supported a women's suffrage amendment
C)
supported immigration restrictions
D)
abandoned their support of states' rights
E)
asked Theodore Roosevelt to be their nominee for vice president
120. In order to win Progressives over to their side for the 1916 election, Wilson and
the Democrats
C
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Y
C
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Y
C
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Y
C
A)
Louis Brandeis
B)
John Marshall Harlan
C)
Charles Evans Hughes
D)
William H. Moody
E)
William R. Day
121. Which Supreme Court Justice established himself as a supporter of Progressive
reform?
A) Labor
B) Banking
C)
Civil rights
D) Tariffs
E)
Trust busting
122. Which was an area in which Woodrow Wilson was not seen as progressive?
A)
Child labor regulation
B)
An eight-hour workday for railroad workers
C)
Literacy tests for immigrants
D)
The establishment of a Federal Trade Commission
E)
A reduction in the tariff
123. Which of the following types of legislation was NOT supported by President
Woodrow Wilson?
A)
emphatically denouncing segregation at all levels of government
B)
meeting with African-American leaders to end the practice
C)
issuing an executive order spreading the practice to all other Cabinet
departments
D)
quietly allowing the discrimination to continue
E)
appointing an African American deputy Postmaster General
124. When employees working for the US Postal Service and the Treasury
Department were segregated on the basis of race, President Woodrow Wilson
responded initially by
A)
railroad regulation
B)
immigration restrictions
C)
women's rights
D)
child labor regulations
E) banking
125. Congress overrode Woodrow Wilson's veto in the area of
A)
he did not believe women deserved to vote
B)
he did believe states would ratify it
C)
he did not believe Congress would pass it
D)
he believed it infringed on states' rights
E)
he needed to gain political support
126. Wilson originally opposed a federal woman suffrage amendment because
A)
acts to help the government break up big business
B)
acts to assist labor
C)
acts to help children
D)
acts passed over vetoes by Woodrow Wilson
E)
acts aimed at integration
127. The Adamson Act and the Kerr-McGillicuddy Act were both examples of
A)
a major victory for railroad unions
B)
a law which forced employers to grant workmen's compensation
C)
a law which mandated a maximum shift of ten hours
D)
opposed strongly by Woodrow Wilson
E)
passed soon after the election of 1916
128. The Adamson Act of 1916 was
A)
prohibit labor by children under 18
B)
grant workmen's compensation for children
C)
grant an eight hour workday for children
D)
prohibit girls under 18 from working
E)
prohibit labor by children under 16
129. The goal of the Child Labor Act of 1916 was to
A)
has remained an effective tool against child labor to this day
B)
was the first time Congress regulated labor within a state using the
interstate commerce clause
C)
was the first time labor for children under the age of 18 was prohibited
D)
was opposed by Wilson throughout his presidency
E)
ensured an eight hour work day
130. The Child Labor Act of 1916 was important because it
A)
Federal Reserve Act
B)
Federal Farm Loan Act
C)
Federal Trade Commission Act
D)
Kerr-McGuillicuddy Act
E)
Clayton Antitrust Act
131. Which act established twelve Federal Land Banks throughout the country?
A)
appointing Louis Brandeis as an associate justice on the Supreme
Court
B)
passing the Federal Reserve Act
C)
passing the Underwood-Simmons Tariff
D)
appointing Oliver Wendell Holmes chief justice of the Supreme Court
E)
integrating government workers
132. Wilson demonstrated his newfound commitment to social justice in 1916 by
C
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C
Answer Key
AP US HISTORY: Chapter 29 Review
1.
D
2.
B
3.
D
4.
C
5.
C
6.
D
7.
C
8.
B
9.
C
10.
D
11.
B
12.
E
13.
C
14.
B
15.
E
16.
C
17.
C
18.
B
19.
E
20.
C
21.
D
22.
D
23.
A
24.
B
25.
D
26.
B
27.
B
28.
A
29.
C
30.
A
31.
C
32.
B
33.
D
34.
A
35.
D
36.
B
37.
C
38.
D
39.
B
40.
D
41.
C
42.
A
43.
B
44.
B
45.
C
46.
E
47.
A
48.
D
49.
C
50.
B
51.
E
52.
C
53.
B
54.
E
55.
C
56.
B
57.
C
58.
B
59.
C
60.
C
61.
B
62.
C
63.
E
64.
D
65.
B
66.
C
67.
D
68.
C
69.
C
70.
E
71.
B
72.
B
73.
A
74.
B
75.
C
76.
B
77.
C
78.
D
79.
C
80.
B
81.
C
82.
D
83.
A
84.
E
85.
B
86.
D
87.
E
88.
B
89.
B
90.
A
91.
D
92.
C
93.
C
94.
B
95.
C
96.
D
97.
C
98.
D
99.
E
100.
C
101.
A
102.
B
103.
A
104.
C
105.
B
106.
A
107.
D
108.
C
109.
B
110.
A
111.
D
112.
C
113.
A
114.
D
115.
D
116.
C
117.
A
118.
A
119.
B
120.
D
121.
A
122.
C
123.
C
124.
D
125.
B
126.
D
127.
B
128.
A
129.
E
130.
B
131.
B
132.
A
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