Module 4 Reading Study Guide
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Guilford Technical Community College *
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History
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Feb 20, 2024
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1. What is Deuteronomist view of History? What are its themes? You can also refer to this page to simplify. Page 183 examples the Deuteronomist, page 185 examples the themes.
2. In Box 11.1 is a discussion of the three versions of lex talionis in the Torah. What are the three versions and give an example of each. (You made need to look
up the Tanakh citations to understand the examples in the box).
Exodus, the Book of the Covenant In the case of quarreling men whose violence causes a pregnant woman to lose her child, the aggressor must pay her master or husband an appropriate sum of money; if the woman dies, however, the lex talionis is enforced: "you shall give life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth. .. burn for burn, wound for wound, stripe for stripe" (21:22-25). P.184
In Leviticus
infliction of physical injuries must be repaid strictly in kind: "fracture for fracture, eye for eye, tooth for tooth; the injury inflicted is the injury to be suffered" (24:19-20).
Page 184
Deuteronomy
if a man testifies falsely against another Israelite, the magistrates must "do to the false witness just as the false witness had meant to do to the other," making the liar's punishment an example to others who might be tempted to commit perjury in court (19:15-21).
Page 184
3. What is unusual about Moses making a speech in Deuteronomy as compared to
the Moses of Exodus? Read one of the speeches these speeches in Tanakh. Give one detail from the speech you read in Deuteronomy and cite it chapter and verse. The changes that are introduced in this core segment of Deuteronomy reflect a heightened sense of moral urgency and of devotion to YHWH. Page185-
186 Deuteronomy verse3-4 3You saw with your own eyes what the Lord did in the matter of Baal-peor, that the LORD your God wiped out from among you every person who followed Baal-peor; while you, who held fast to the LORD your
God, are all alive today. Torah page 279
CH 12 pp. 192-197:
4. After reading over the this chapter, what are the four distinct periods used to divide the Deuteronomist History? What books go with each of these periods? (Box 12.1 should help with this)
Joshua:
the conquest of Canaan (c. 1200 BCE). Obedient to YHWH's commands, the tribes of Israel succeed in conquering most of the land promised to Abraham's progeny. Page 192
Judges: the period of the judges (c. 1200-1040 BCE). Judges shows a disunited and politically chaotic group of tribes struggling to maintain a toehold in Canaan. Emphasizing that Israel's obedience to YHWH brings military victory and disobedience only failure, a series of individualistic judges (spirit-directed leaders) remain intermittently at war with their Canaanite neighbors. Page 192
1 and 2 Samuel
and 1 Kings 1-11: the united monarchy (c. 1040-922 BCE). Philistine aggression leads to Israel's political unification under a single ruler, first Saul and then David, who is succeeded Page 192
Kings:
Josiah's reforms. Portrayed as the ruler most devoted to YHWH since David, King Josiah (640-609 BCE) takes advantage of Assyria's decline to conduct a thorough reform of Judah's cult, centering all worship
at the Jerusalem Temple, an innovation supported by the discovery of a "lost" book of torah (Deuteronomy). Despite his covenant loyalty, Josiah is
killed by the invading Pharaoh Necho. 2 Kings: Judah's fall to Babylon. Page 192
CH 13 pp. 198-204 and Joshua
5. Read about the battle of Gideon in CH 10 of Joshua (Tanakh pp. 351-353) Name
three details from this battle. How does this battle demonstrate the idea of "holy war" as discussed in the textbook on pp. 200-201.
King Adoni-Zedek of Jerusalem called on King Hoham of Hebron, King Piram of Jarmuth, King Japhia of Lachish, and King Debir of Eglon. To come help him fight Gibeon since they had come to terms with Joshua and
the Israelites. Tanakh page 351
During the war was the only time the lord acted on word by man. Joshua 10:14 “for the Lord fought for Israel. Neither before nor since has there ever been such a day, when the LORD acted on words spoken by a man.” Tanakh page 352
Joshua had the men of Israel come to place their foot on the g's necks and told them not to be afraid this is what the lord will do to all their enemies.
Joshua 10;25 “Joshua said to them, "Do not be frightened or dismayed; be
firm and resolute. For this is what the LORD is going to do to all the enemies with whom you are at war." Tanakh page 352
This battle demonstrates the idea of "holy war" because the lord listened to Joshua's command of making the sun and moon stand still. The lord fought with Joshua and the Israelites Page 200
“Israel's enemies, and ultimately all of the world's great empires, is deeply embedded in texts that portray YHWH as a warrior-god (Exod. 15:3) and lives on
in the pages of later prophetic and apocalyptic literature. In Joshua, this idea assumes particularly graphic form in the battle for Gibeon (Ch. 10), where YHWH
appears to fight alongside the Israelite armies, hurling down huge hailstones that crush the opposing forces” (10:11). Page 201
6. Your textbook further talks about the theme of Joshua as a kind of second Moses. Give two examples from the textbook as to why they say this. Read in the Tanakh the chapter and verses they quote for your two examples. Do you agree that the author of Joshua is trying to make Joshua sound like Moses?
Joshua speaks with an angelic warrior who tells him to take off his sandals
because he is standing on holy ground like Moses in Exodus 3 (page 201)
“Joshua builds an altar on Mt. Ebal (8:30-31) -in fulfillment of a directive first given to Moses in Deuteronomy 27:4-6-and is later told to establish cities of refuge, to which someone accused of manslaughter might flee (Ch. 20), once again in repetition of, or response to, earlier commandments imparted to Moses”. (textbook page 201)
The author of Joshua is trying to make him sound like Moses but maybe it's supposed to be in a way that he is following in the footsteps of someone he looked up to. CH 14 pp. 205-210 and Judges
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7. Why is the history of the conquest described in cyclic terms in Judges? Explain the cycle. This will help. “God's need to be both compassionate and judgmental keeps the cycle going just as surely as does Israel's incapacity to remain loyal to YHWH for more than a generation.” The cycle in Judges is the cycle of sin. The Israelites abandoned the Lord and worshiped Baals. God punished them by giving them over to the plunderers and raising the judges. In response, the Israelites repent and cry out to God for help, which leads God to send a leader or judge to rescue them. Page 207
8. Choose to talk about one of the Judges in the book of Judges. 208-210 in the textbook will help you choose your Judge and give you chapter/verse particulars. Read the full story of your Judge (refer to Tanakh pp. 377-416). Recount the story of the Judge you chose here.
Judges 4:17 Jael
Sisera went to Jael, the wife of Heber the Kenite, because of the friendship between the two families. She welcomed him in, gave him milk, and wrapped him in a blanket. He asked her to stand by the tent and if anyone asks if someone is here say no. Once he went to sleep, she stabbed him with a pin in his
temple killing him. Barak comes looking for Sisera and Jael lets him in and shows him Sisera dead with the pin still in his temple.