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California State University, Los Angeles *
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Course
3600
Subject
Health Science
Date
Dec 6, 2023
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Lab Report 1: Introduction to Units
Lab Report 1:
Introduction to Units of Measure & Measuring Heart Rate and Blood Pressure
KIN 3600
June 11, 2023
1
Lab Report 1: Introduction to Units
Purpose
Part 1:
The present laboratory session was designed to demonstrate basic anthropometric measurement techniques and compare measured values to norms. Hypothesis: Our Kin 3600 class anthropometric measurements will be closely related when compared to national averages. Part 2:
The present laboratory session is designed to demonstrate the normal heart rate and blood
pressure responses to different body positions (i.e., supine and standing) and exercise of low intensity. Hypothesis: Heart rate and blood pressure will increase when preforming the exercises of low intensity compared to supine and sitting positions. Methods
Part 1:
1.
Using the individual data form, record and calculate your own data. Will record Standing height, weight, and sitting height.
2.
Standing height measurements will be taken with no shoes on. The subject will stand with back. buttocks, and heels against the wall by the meter. The subject will place their hands on their hips, look forward and breathe normally. Place the headboard on their heads and against the meter. Read the measurement on the bottom side of the block. Repeat the measure three times.
3.
Weight measurements will be taken with no shoes on and preferably in shorts and T-shirt.
Check the scale that it is balanced. Have the subject step onto the middle of the scale. 2
Lab Report 1: Introduction to Units
First add the heaviest weights and then gradually add the smaller increment weights. Ensure the scale is balanced. Have the subject step off, zero the scale and repeat the measurements three times.
4.
Sitting height measurements will be done using a chair from the laboratory. First measure
the distance from the base of the chair to the floor. Next, place the chair against the scale to measure standing height and have the subject sit with their hands resting on their lap. Place the headboard on their head and against the meter. Read the measurement on the bottom side of the block. Subtract this measurement from measurement of the height of the chair.
5.
Record your group data on the group data form.
Part 2:
Measuring Blood Pressure
1.
The subject should be comfortable, seated, with the arm slightly flexed and the forearm supported at heart level. 2.
The deflated cuff should be applied with the lower margin about one inch above the antecubital space. The arrow marked on the cuff should be over the brachial artery.
3.
The stethoscope should be applied to the antecubital space over the brachial artery. The head of the stethoscope should be applied firmly so as to leave no space between it and the skin. The stethoscope should not touch clothing or the cuff. The curved tips of the stethoscope should point forward into the ear canal so the optimum sound is transmitted to the ear.
4.
Raise the pressure in the cuff to 30 mm Hg above
the expected systolic pressure. Set the exhaust valve to release pressure at 2 to 3 mm Hg per second.
3
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Lab Report 1: Introduction to Units
5.
As the pressure falls the Korotkoff sounds due to intermittent blood flow becoming audible.
6.
The systolic blood pressure (SBP) is the point at which the initial tapping sound is heard for at least a few consecutive beats. The diastolic blood pressure (DBP) is the point at which the crisp sound suddenly changes to a muffled sound. For the inexperienced observer this detection of the initial muffling is difficult and requires intense concentration upon what is heard, not what particular value the needle on the gauge reads, nor what value might be expected. Measuring Heart Rate
1.
Feel the pulse in the radial and then the carotid artery. Use the tips of the index and middle fingers and press lightly – do not use the thumb.
2.
Start the stopwatch coincidentally with a pulse beat. Count that as zero. a) 1 minute count, b) 10 second count, and c) 6 second count. Perform HR and BP measurements in the following positions/activities:
A)
Supine (after 5 minutes of quiet rest in the supine position)
B)
Standing (immediately after standing up)
C)
Every minute during a 5-minute cycling
Results
Part 1:
Graph 1
4
Lab Report 1: Introduction to Units
Age
Height (
cm)
Weight (kg)
Sitng Height (
cm)
Wei
ght (lbs)
Height (
in)
Sitng Height (
in
)
0.00
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
140.00
160.00
180.00
200.00
Anthro Male and Female
Avg. Female
Avg. Male
Graph 2
50
70
90
110
130
150
170
190
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
R² = 0.07
Standing Height (cm) vs Weight (kg)
Weight (kg)
Height (cm)
Part 2:
Graph 3
5
Lab Report 1: Introduction to Units
Supine Standing Cycling. Min-4 Cycling. Min-5 48
50
52
54
56
58
60
62
64
66
MAP Responses
Trial 1
Trial 2
Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)
Graph 4 Supine
Standing
Cycling. Min-4
Cycling. Min-5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Heart Rate After Different Positions/Activities Trial 1
Trial 2
eats Per Minute (BPM)
Discussion Part 1:
1.
Is there any relationship between standing height and weight? Would you expect there to be a relationship and why?
a.
From interpreting the data for our Kin 3600 class, there is not a strong correlation between standing height and weight. Yes, it would be expected to see a 6
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Lab Report 1: Introduction to Units
relationship between height and weight because typically, the taller you are, the more you weigh. 2.
How do the average height and weight in our class compare to the data from the CDC? https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/100478
What can you conclude?
a.
When comparing our data to the data from the CDC, our average weight (in kilograms) is close to the CDC data with respect to the same age range. This would be expected because young adults aged 20-29 would be more expected to maintain a healthy weight.
Part 2:
1.
What changes occurred in HR and BP in response to body position and cycling. Are these
changes what you expected?
a.
There were slight increases in both HR and BP when transitioning from supine to standing positions. There was a much larger increase in HR and BP after cycling, especially toward the 4
th
and 5
th
minute mark. These changes were highly expected as HR and BP increase even after 5 minutes of low intensity exercise. 2.
What are the possible physiological reasons for these changes?
a.
Heart rate increases in order to pump more blood throughout the body, which in turn delivers more oxygen and removes carbon dioxide at a faster rate. Because heart rate increases, blood pressure will also increase due to the heart pumping blood at a faster rate. 3.
Were there any differences in resting HR determined by the different counting sequences?
When would it be appropriate to use each of the different counting regimens?
7
Lab Report 1: Introduction to Units
a.
There were some differences in resting HR using the different counting sequences. Heart rate was reported to be lower after counting every beat in one minute compared to the 6-second sequence. It would be appropriate to use the first counting sequence when looking for an accurate RHR. If accuracy is not needed for the lab and time is of the essence, it would be more appropriate to use the other two sequences. 8