Lab 3 Report

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Dec 6, 2023

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Shianne Johnson . Human Physiology Lab Report #3 (1 pt). Using data from Activity 1, compare and contrast the calculated resting energy expenditure (i.e., from the data collected) to the estimated resting energy expenditure (i.e., from the online calculator). Identify at least three factors that influence resting energy expenditure. A: After comparing and contrasting the two, the three factors that I feel influenced the resting expenditure were, definitely the lack of food intake, body size/weight, and maybe the age of the individual. The estimated REE for someone of the same sex, age, height, and weight was 0.7. Which was close to this subject’s numbers, so this is good and expected. The subject’s REE was 0.73. 2. (3 pts). Using data from Activity 1, compare and contrast the rate of caloric expenditure (kcal/min), carbohydrate oxidation (g CHO/min), and fat oxidation (g Fat/min) before carbohydrate ingestion to after carbohydrate ingestion. Provide a physiological explanation for each of the changes. A: RER in a resting and fasted state would be expected to be close to 0.70. This is predicted because glucose availability is low when liver glycogen stores are low/depleted and, thus, fatty acids will be the predominant substrate used. After the ingestion of carbohydrates however, blood glucose will rise, which in turn will cause the RER to increase. I would say these changes were so drastic because after ingesting the carbohydrate, her sugar levels elevated and influenced other physiological levels to rise. Before she was deprived of and energy and was sitting at rest. She had nothing that was stored for her body to create energy with. Fatty acid availability in a resting and fasted state on the other hand is not negatively impacted, which is why the lipid oxidation wasn’t that much different before and after. 3. (3 pts) Using data from Activity 2, describe changes in the rate of caloric expenditure (kcal/min), carbohydrate oxidation (g CHO/min), and fat oxidation (g Fat/min) from rest to exercise. Provide a physiological explanation for each of the changes. A: The intensity of the exercise caused for a more increased rate glucose oxidation, which caused an increase of RER. During exercise the demand for ATP is increased relative to the resting state. So, you see your results increasing as a result with the increase of your vo2 demand. During exercise, VO2 is noticeably higher than when at rest, which impacted these calculations immensely. But these numbers are also drastically different because of the exercise added of course. The subject obviously already had carbs already stored for energy before even resting, which helped. So, during the exercise, they were able to fulfill it because carbohydrates are

Shianne Johnson primary substrates that are oxidized for fueling energy metabolism. Exercise can increase fat oxidation, and prolonged exercise can increase your capacity of fat. 4. (3 pts). One pound of fat contains approximately 3500 kcal. Using data from Activity 2, a) How long would the subject have to rest to “burn” a pound of fat? b) How long would the subject have to exercise to “burn” a pound of fat? A: a) He would have to rest for about 2.5 days. To burn 0.1190 grams of fat it takes about 1 min. So 60-63 hours to “burn” just 1 pound of fat. b) He would have to exercise for about 1.5. To burn 4.8165 grams during exercise it takes 1 min. So 1.5 hours to “burn” per 1 pound during exercise. Based on these calculated values, comment on the impact that regular exercise can have on body weight/fat loss. Does the calculated duration to “burn” a pound of fat that seem like a lot of exercise? Explain. Recommend an exercise program to lose a pound of fat. A: From the above calculation, it needs 2.5 days of continuous resting/fasting to burn 1 pound of fat. Normally it is difficult for a person to fast for 24 hr of the day continuously. Suppose subject 2 can fast continuously for half day. Even then subject 2 takes almost 6 days to burn 1 pound of fat. But, at the same time subject, 2 can burn 1 pound of fat by exercising for just 1.57 hours. It is so fast compared to fat loss by fasting. Therefore, regular exercise has a great impact on body fat/weight loss. The calculated duration to burn a pound of fat does not seem like a lot of exercises. Let's say, cycling for 2 hours is enough as this exercise. The recommended exercises are running/walking, bicycling, swimming, or crunch exercises (like a vertical, ball or reverse crunches). As a recommended diet consume low carbohydrate food, or even a low/no sugar diet, which I like to do. Calculations

Shianne Johnson

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Lab 3 Report

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