4-3 critical thinking essay phy 105
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Geology
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Jan 9, 2024
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4-3 Critical Thinking Essaay 1
Prompt 3
Ashley Grovanz
PHY 105
Binyam Woldemichael
11/19/2023
There is three plates that make up the earths surface convergent, divergent and Transform
boundaries. These three plates are the movements that are the earth’s surface and each one of
them have their own geological features. When it come to the divergent it is when the movement
when two of the plates separate from each other. When looking at the ocean floor you see the
ridges near the floor of the ocean and this are characteristic of the diverging boundaries. When
you have new crust formed the plates will separate then it will release the magma that will create
a new ocean floor. The action of this are considered perfect instigators in a earthquake. When
looking at shield volcanos they are flat and wide at the very top and are mainly found along the
divergent boundary.
When you look at the convergent boundary it is considered as a tectonic plates.
These plates collide into each
other.
Three different converging zones such as oceanic
boundaries this is when the plates collide together, oceanic continental this is when the oceanic
plates crash with the continental plates, Continental plates is when they join together after
colliding and this will form continental-continental boundaries. These three normally a
subduction occurs. A geological process is oceanic lithosphere will subducts under neath
continental plates. This is when the oceans crust will meet with what is call the semi-liquid
mantle and then it will start to melt into magma. This then causes it to become less dense and
will then flot towards the surface, this is where it will consolidates in the magma chamber. It will
then build up some pressure that will push magma through the vents (volcanos). These types of
boundaries of the converging tectonic plates in which are a widespread of volcanos. When
looking at the different types of volcanoes the ones that are steep on one side and wide at the
bottom, with large crater tops these are stratovolcanoes or composite volcanoes. These are found
to be at the convergent boundaries. But earthquakes are also prevalent in the convergent
boundaries due to the large amount of friction that is available when the plate is forced beneath.
When the plates skim against one another this can cause slippage and this then will possibly
cause a earthquake.
The transform boundaries is made up fracture zone this is an offset of new crust that is
being formed that can be located in the divergent zone. This part allows for the geologists to see
the past and which direction the plates are moving. The plates will slide horizontally next to each
other. They are
normally just some shallow and weak earthquakes.
San Andreas Fault is when the boundary that is between the Pacific Plate and the North
American Plate forms the transform plate. This boundary the Pacific moves northwest with in the
relations to the North American. Several
cities are along the San Andreas Fault but is not notable
and or populated as the San Francisco, CA.
When talking about San Francisco they are not a stranger when it come to earthquakes
that are large or small. Two prominent quakes in the pas had the city to force and work on
protecting the resources
such as the gas and water lines to protect from causing fires, that will
Improve the way things are built such as building and bridges. Forty skyscrapers have been built
prior to the year of 1994 where made with deficient welds within the steel and then are built on
top of the landfills in which this is causing a concern. If their was a magnitude earthquake were
to hit the building tops that are on top of the landfill could potentially
susceptible to liquefaction
and the ground beneath will then start to move and will no longer be able to support the
structure.
References:
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Brooks Mitchell March 18 2020, Introduction to Convergent Plate Boundaries
https://www.thoughtco.com/convergent-plate-boundaries-3866818
recent Earthquakes near San Francisco
https://earthquaketrack.com/us-ca-san-francisco/recent
USGA October 21 1868
https://earthquakesafety.com/earthquake-history.html