Earthquake Preparedness: Graded Quiz Insights and Tips

2/14/24, 10:26 PM Quiz: Earthquakes Graded Quiz https://canvas.ubc.ca/courses/130808/quizzes/702675/take 1/11 Earthquakes Graded Quiz Started: Feb 14 at 9:53p.m. Quiz Instructions  Question 1 2 pts coverage: Earthquakes Learning Goals Quizzes are Open Books and Open Notes While writing self-invigilated Quizzes, students are reminded to strongly uphold the Principles of Academic Honesty (http://www.calendar.ubc.ca/vancouver/index.cfm?tree=3,286,0,0) as outlined in the UBC Academic Regulations. Academic misconduct that is subject to disciplinary measures includes, but is not limited to, engaging in, attempting to engage in, or assisting others to engage, in cheating, impersonating a registered student at a Quiz, submitting false records or information, and falsifying or submitting false documents. Disciplinary measures are outlined in the section on Student Conduct and Discipline (http://www.calendar.ubc.ca/vancouver/index.cfm?tree=3,54,0,0) of the UBC Academic Regulations. An 8.3 magnitude earthquake strikes the coast of central Chile (red dot on map below), triggering tsunami warnings and coastal evacuations. Lasting three minutes, this powerful earthquake occurs along the convergent boundary of the Nazca and South American tectonic plates. Imagine that YOU are on the ground or main floor of a 2-storey concrete apartment building on the coast of central Chile , a few kilometres from the epicentre. Describe in 2-3 sentences or in point form how YOU would be affected physically (for example, would YOU be able to remain standing if YOU were already standing), what YOU would have heard , and what YOU would have seen happening to your household contents (items in bookcases, plates and glasses on shelf in kitchen, photo frames hanging on walls, etc). IMPORTANT : Write in your own words . Remember, copying/pasting from the Course Notes and/or from websites, documents, etc. is a form of cheating. This is academic misconduct that is subject to disciplinary measures.

2/14/24, 10:26 PM Quiz: Earthquakes Graded Quiz https://canvas.ubc.ca/courses/130808/quizzes/702675/take 2/11 Firstly, as the earthquake took place at a convergent boundary, and with a magnitude of 8.3, the intensity of the earthquake would be extremely high. As I am only a few kilometers away from the epicenter, I would definitely not be able to remain standing, the shaking of the ground would certainly bring me to my knees if not lying ﬂat on the ground. Soundwise, I would be hearing the warning sounds of the costal guards as there will be a tsunami. As for sounds of the earthquake itself, it depends on how deep within the ground it took place. Lastly, the intensity of a 8.3 magnitude convergent boundary earthquake would have devastated my household items, everything would be thrown off away from their original loca±on.

2/14/24, 10:26 PM Quiz: Earthquakes Graded Quiz https://canvas.ubc.ca/courses/130808/quizzes/702675/take 3/11 p  Question 2 2 pts p  Question 3 1 pts 126 words </> Now that you are very much aware that earthquakes (large and small) are a daily occurrence here in British Columbia, how should you prepare yourself, your friends and family for the expected "Big One"? List and describe 2 realistic and detailed plans that YOU SHOULD have to keep yourself, your friends and family safe BEFORE, DURING and AFTER ( choose only 2 of these 3 phases ) this BIG ONE. a) My plan for BEFORE the BIG ONE. b) My plan for DURING the BIG ONE. c) My plan for AFTER the BIG ONE. If you don't live in British Columbia, assume that you do live here! IMPORTANT : Write in your own words. Remember, copying/pasting from the Course Notes and/or from websites, documents, etc. is a form of cheating. This is academic misconduct that is subject to disciplinary measures. b) During the Big One, me, my friends, and my family will need to remain calm and not fall into a panic a²ack. Most importantly, we need to seek sturdy cover such wooden tables and remember to duck, cover, and hold. Addi±onally, we will need to stay clear of doorways as objects could be ﬂying through them at any ±me. Last of all, we have to remain s±ll at where we are (under the cover) un±l the shaking completely stops. c) A³er the Big One has passed, if we are injured, we will need to seek assistance immediately. Otherwise, look to help those in need. More importantly, swi³ly evacuate the damaged buildings, as there is the risk of them collapsing any minute. The phone should be avoided, and lastly, u±lizing the earthquake kit that we should have prepared beforehand to aid us in living on our own for a minimum of three days un±l help arrives. 156 words </> 1

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2/14/24, 10:26 PM Quiz: Earthquakes Graded Quiz https://canvas.ubc.ca/courses/130808/quizzes/702675/take 4/11  Question 4 1 pts On the figure below, if (b) returns to (a), what is the nature of the deformation? brittle rupture plastic elastic ductile The boundary between the North American Plate and the Juan de Fuca Plate (just west of Vancouver Island) is a ______.

2/14/24, 10:26 PM Quiz: Earthquakes Graded Quiz https://canvas.ubc.ca/courses/130808/quizzes/702675/take 5/11  Question 5 1 pts  Question 6 1 pts  Question 7 1 pts strike-slip fault reverse fault transverse fault transform fault normal fault Which word pair would make this statement TRUE? Reverse faults are created at ______ plate margins where ______ forces are applied. convergent; tensional transform; tensional divergent; tensional convergent; compressional divergent; compressional One reason that soft rocks are more hazardous for structures than hard rocks is that ______. seismic waves generally have larger amplitude in soft rocks soft rocks are more likely to break S waves do not pass through soft rocks signals travel further in softer rocks structures cannot be supported properly by soft rocks All of the following factors are used to estimate earthquake intensity EXCEPT ______.

2/14/24, 10:26 PM Quiz: Earthquakes Graded Quiz https://canvas.ubc.ca/courses/130808/quizzes/702675/take 6/11  Question 8 1 pts  Question 9 1 pts soil type duration of shaking distance to epicentre earthquake magnitude type of fault What does the figure (below) tell us about earthquakes in British Columbia over a 12-month period? Only 5 people felt the smallest earthquakes (M=0). 5 earthquakes were catastrophic. Only 1 earthquake could have caused any damage of any kind. Most earthquakes in BC are small (M=4 and below). 586 earthquakes had magnitude around 600.

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2/14/24, 10:26 PM Quiz: Earthquakes Graded Quiz https://canvas.ubc.ca/courses/130808/quizzes/702675/take 7/11  Question 10 1 pts  Question 11 1 pts While you're negotiating to buy a 2-storey apartment building in an earthquake-prone area, the owner offers to have work done to improve the building's chance of surviving an earthquake. All of the following should be done EXCEPT ______. install dampers put in shear walls reinforce the connections between the foundation and walls add a flexible roof add cross bracing At a convergent fault, what conditions are most likely to cause earthquakes? plastic deformation under the influence of shearing forces brittle deformation under the influence of compressional forces brittle deformation under the influence of tensional forces plastic deformation under the influence of compressional forces elastic deformation under the influence of shearing forces The runways at Vancouver airport, located in Richmond on the Fraser River delta, might be damaged by ______ due to a large earthquake because the airport is built on ______. (Refer to map of SW BC below).

2/14/24, 10:26 PM Quiz: Earthquakes Graded Quiz https://canvas.ubc.ca/courses/130808/quizzes/702675/take 8/11  Question 12 1 pts sinking; saturated, fractured rock large fractures in faults; dry, unconsolidated sediments landslides; saturated, solid rock liquefaction; saturated, unconsolidated sediments resonating tall buildings; dry, fractured rock Which of the following is the only type of seismic wave to reach Earth's solid inner core? S-waves surface waves Rayleigh waves

2/14/24, 10:26 PM Quiz: Earthquakes Graded Quiz https://canvas.ubc.ca/courses/130808/quizzes/702675/take 9/11  Question 13 1 pts  Question 14 1 pts  Question 15 1 pts P-waves Love waves You have just heard that a large earthquake occurred 320 kilometres below the surface of the Earth at a spreading zone. Why should you be skeptical? Spreading zones are more likely to have shallow, weak earthquakes. Seismic energy can never escape a soft spreading zone where rocks are deforming plastically. No earthquakes ever occur in spreading zones. Only small earthquakes occur below 200 km depth. Earthquakes only occur at less then 15 km depth. Which of the following statements about the S-wave shadow zone is FALSE? It is always the southern hemisphere of the Earth. It is the region of the Earth's surface where direct S waves are not received. Part of it is also the P-wave shadow zone. It exists because S waves cannot travel through the Earth's outer core. It is evidence that the outer core is liquid. The table below presents the S and P wave arrival times at four seismic stations. From these data, it is clear that ______. Station P-wave arrival S-wave arrival 1 1:03 PM 1:04 PM 2 1:07 PM 1:10 PM

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2/14/24, 10:26 PM Quiz: Earthquakes Graded Quiz https://canvas.ubc.ca/courses/130808/quizzes/702675/take 10/11  Question 16 1 pts  Question 17 1 pts 3 1:06 PM 1:08 PM 4 1:06 PM 1:08 PM station 1 is farthest away from the epicenter stations 3 and 4 are extremely close together the earthquake occurred between stations 1 and 3 all the stations are on one side of the epicenter station 3 is closer to the epicentre than station 2 Which of the following is NOT an aspect of "forecasting" of earthquakes? effects of a future earthquake the likelihood of a mega-earthquake in any particular location where earthquakes will occur when an earthquake will occur why earthquakes occur Why do seismologists calculate the recurrence interval (average time between events) of large earthquakes along a fault? To predict the intensity of shaking an earthquake will cause. To predict whether the earthquake will generate a tsunami. To predict the timing of the next earthquake. To estimate the probability of small earthquakes.

2/14/24, 10:26 PM Quiz: Earthquakes Graded Quiz https://canvas.ubc.ca/courses/130808/quizzes/702675/take 11/11  Question 18 1 pts Quiz saved at 10:26pm To estimate the probability of occurrence of a future damaging earthquake. The energy released by a Mw 7 earthquake is ______ times greater than a Mw 5 earthquake. 1,000 2 100 10 35 Submit Quiz

Quiz_ Earthquakes Graded Quiz

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