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Milwaukee Area Technical College *

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122

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Geology

Date

Apr 3, 2024

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docx

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Lo’s will be highlighted a pink color (some aren't in order because some videos explained more than one LO’s) ★ List the four main chapters of Earth history in order, know the time each began, and describe how the boundaries are defined. ★ From oldest to youngest, recognize the periods in the geologic time scale ★ Precambrian - single celled Cambrian explosion ★ marks the end Paleozoic - hard shelled creatures (Cambrian explosion) Great dying marks the end ★ Mesozoic - after the great dying, dinosaurs came, kt extinction marks the end ★ Cenozoic - comes mammals I was able to figure this out mostly because of the gsa geologic time scale that was in my lab packet but also because of the video called A Brief History of Geologic Time because it was able to explain the history of Geologic time as well as the archaean. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rWp5ZpJAIAE ★ List evidence that Earth has a long history The main evidence is the trilobites because the are among the oldest surviving through many catastrophes.

★ The trilobites were the most abundant animal ★ They invented survival because at the start about 540 million years ago all life on Earth was on the sea. ★ The first trilobite was in siberia I was able to fully understand this through the link that was giving to us which was https://www.pbs.org/video/a-quick-introduction-to-eons-k3w7er/ and I decided to take a peek into the whole season and it gives us almost all the history of the Earth but the video that I decided to add was The Trouble With Trilobites https://www.pbs.org/video/the-trouble-with- trilobites-wxtddw/ . ★ Describe why the features at Siccar Point requires a long history ★ The gray sandstones below the contact must have been tilted and eroded before the red sandstone was deposited across the upturned layers ★ Apply the five principles of relative dating to a photograph or a sketch ★ In this sketch we are able to see all five relative dating which are Principle of Uniformitarianism, Principle of Superposition, Principle of Original Horizontality, Principle of Lateral Continuity, Principle of Cross-cutting Relationships, Principle of Inclusions. A - crosscutting (Anything that cuts across layers of rock is younger than the rocks that it has intruded into. This applies to faults and igneous intrusions.) C - Fault (a crack in the earth's crust resulting from the displacement of one side with respect to the other) D - Index fossils (Distinctive fossils used to establish and compare the relative ages of rock layers and the fossils they contain) E - Unconformity (A break in the geologic record created when rock layers are eroded or when sediment is not deposited for a long period of time.) ★ Sketch an angular unconformity, a nonconformity, and a disconformity, and describe what sequence of events is implied by each.

★ Describe what isotopic dating is and how geologists use it to date geologic events ★ Dating rocks using radioactive decay. ★ i. Use potassium(K) and Argon (Ar) to date volcanic rocks and the cooling of deep rocks brought to the surface. ★ ii. Carbon 14 (C) is used to date wood charcoal bones shells and carbon rich rocks. ★ iii. Thorium (Th) and uranium (U) are used to date old rocks and sources of magma. For this one I decided to use the reading because it was the only one i was able to fully understand. ★ Describe what happened during the Cambrian explosion. ★ The Cambrian was likely the result of a bunch of environmental triggers. ★ thanks to a boom among phytoplankton in the oceans, oxygen levels suddenly ramped up, allowing life to flourish ★ During the Cambrian explosion, a huge diversity of life has appeared, including many major animal groups that are alive today. ★ List possible causes for the Great Dying, the largest extinction event in Earth history. ★ a. Siberian traps- Basalt outpouring.

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★ b. Meteor impact, ★ c. Pangaea forming, ★ d. a massive overturn of oxygen poor water coming up to the surface. I used the video From the Cambrian Explosion to the Great Dying which does a great job to explain what happened during the Cambrian Explosion and what led up to it. I also used it to understand the LO of the Great Dying because this video helped me understand what were some causes that led to it. ★ Describe the principles by which two sequences of rocks can be correlated. ★ a. Physical correlation- lateral continuity, distinctive rock type, similar sequence of rocks, rocks record similar events, position in sequence, no correlative unit, relation to unconformity. ★ b. Age correlations: fossils, isotopic age, magnetic signature. I was able to use the reading to further understand this concept. I also used the quiz to test my knowledge and see if I was able to understand the topic. ★ Describe examples of how different methods of dating events and rocks were used to reconstruct the geologic history of the Grand Canyon. ★ relative dating, fossils and many different isotopic dating methods ★ k-Ar methods, fossils, superposition, crosscutting, disconformities, angular unconformity, nonconformity For this one I was able to use the video that was posted on the module page for this chapter called How the Earth Was Made - Grand Canyon.

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