Rock cycle 2
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School
Glendale Community College *
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Course
101
Subject
Geology
Date
Dec 6, 2023
Type
Pages
7
Uploaded by DrSharkPerson373
Task 3: Erosion
Click on this
link
and on the left side select erosion to answer questions 28- 30 in complete
sentences.
28. What is erosion?
Erosion is the process of moving the small pieces of rock formed by weathering. Erosion occurs
from the action of water or wind.
29. Describe the 5 stages of erosion in a paragraph.
In the first stage sediment is formed. For example, small pebbles of rock are rolled along a
river-bed.Second , In deposition, sediment which was carried in transport is laid down. Third,
Layers of sediment form on top of each other in sedimentation. Forth, as more and more layers
build up, the weight of the layers on top compacts the layers below.Finally, in the final process of
sedimentary rock formation, some of the minerals in the sediment harden and form a kind of
cement which sticks the grains of the rock together.
30. Scroll all the way to the end of the page to take the 8 question quiz. Record the correct
answer to each question.
Question 1:Extrusive
Question 2: Weathering and erosion
Question 3: Geological
Question 4: Classification
Question 5: Sedimentary
Question 6: Metamorphic
Question 7: Weathering
Question 8: Igneous
Task 4: Rock Cycle
Click on this
link
and on the left side of the screen and select the Rock cycle to answer
questions 31 - 32.
31. What is the rock cycle?
Rocks are continually changing due to processes such as weathering, erosion and large earth
movements. The rocks are gradually recycled over millions of years, changing between the
different rock types.
32. Label each step of the rock cycle;
A. Weathering and erosion
B. Transportation and deposition
C. Sedimentation
D. Compaction and cementation
E. Burial, high temperatures and pressures
F.
Melting
G. Slow uplift to the surface
H. Magma from molten crust and mantle
I.
Task 5: The Rock Cycle Test
33. Use the following link to take the
Rock Cycle Test
. Write the answer for each question in
space below.
Question 1:
Metamorphic___________________________
Question 2:
Sedimentary___________________________
Question 3: Found near volcanic or previously
volcanic regions.
___________________________
Question 4: Contains skeletons of sea
creatures.___________________________
Question 5: Igneous______________________
Question 6: Marble______________________
Question 7: Igneous______________________
Question 8:
Metamorphic___________________________
Question 9:
Sedimentary___________________________
Question 10: Formed due to tremendous heat an
pressure.___________________________
Task 6: Characteristics of Rock
Click
here
and then click on the “types of rocks” (in red at the bottom) and answer question 34.
34. write the physical properties of each type of rock in the table below.
Type
here link
Physical Characteristics
Sedimentary
Sedimentary rocks are formed from particles of sand, shells, pebbles, and other fragments
of material. Together, all these particles are called sediment. Gradually, the sediment
accumulates in layers and over a long period of time hardens into rock. Generally,
sedimentary rock is fairly soft and may break apart or crumble easily. You can often see
sand, pebbles, or stones in the rock, and it is usually the only type that contains fossils.
Metamorphic
Metamorphic rocks are formed under the surface of the earth from the metamorphosis
(change) that occurs due to intense heat and pressure (squeezing). The rocks that result
from these processes often have ribbonlike layers and may have shiny crystals, formed by
minerals growing slowly over time, on their surface.
Igneous
Igneous rocks are formed when magma (molten rock deep within the earth) cools and
hardens. Sometimes the magma cools inside the earth, and other times it erupts onto the
surface from volcanoes (in this case, it is called lava). When lava cools very quickly, no
crystals form and the rock looks shiny and glasslike. Sometimes gas bubbles are trapped in
the rock during the cooling process, leaving tiny holes and spaces in the rock.
35. Find “WHAT TO LOOK FOR” at the bottom of the page to help complete the chart below.
Characteristic
Crystals
Fossils
Gas Bubbles
Glassy
Surface
Ribbonlike
Layers
Sand or
Pebbles
Description
small,flat
surfaces that
are shiny or
sparkly,like
tiny mirrors.
Imprints of
leaves,shells,
insects,or
other items in
the rock
’’Holes,” like
Swiss cheese,
in the rock.
A shiny and
smooth
surface, like
colored glass.
Straight or
wavy stripes
of different
colors in the
rock .
Individual
stones,pebbles
, or sand
grains visible
in the rock.
Click b to “Start Your Rock Collection”. Build your rock collection by clicking on each rock.
36. Name the igneous rocks: obsidian, basalt
Name the sedimentary rocks: limestone , conglomerate
Name the metamorphic rocks: marble , gneiss
At the bottom of the page Click on the red link “Identify Rock Types”do the activity to answer
questions 37-40 in complete sentences.
37. What characteristics do you see in the marble? What type of rock is it?
This rock has crystals. This is marble. It is formed when limestoneis pushed down into the earth
and subjected to intense heat and pressure for a long period of time. Some marble is pure white,
while some has colorful swirls. Marble is found in mountainsides and quarries (pits dug into the
earth) and is often used in construction and sculpture.
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38. What characteristics do you see in the conglomerate? What type of rock is it?
Sand and pebbles are visible in this rock. It is called conglomerate, which is made up of pebbles,
stones, and smaller particles pressed together by the action of waves or water. The rock is often
found in large expanses or beds. Finding a bed of conglomerate is a great clue that a river or
beach once existed in that location.
39. What characteristics do you see in obsidian? What type of rock is it?
This rock has a glassy surface. It is obsidian, which is created from lava that cools so quickly
that no crystals can form on its surface. It can be found near volcanic lava flows, and was often
used to make arrowheads because its edges are very sharp.
40. What characteristics do you see in the gneiss? What type of rock is it?
This rock has ribbonlike layers. It is gneiss (pronounced "nice"). Gneiss forms from other rocks
that have been squeezed and heated for a long time deep within the earth’s crust. Gneiss can
often be seen on mountainsides, where rocks formed below the surface have been pushed up by
movements in the earth’s crust.
41. Click Done / Identify Rock Types. Answer the 10 questions in this section. Write your score
here. 9___________
Click
here
to go to the “Rock Cycle Diagram”. Explore the diagram by rolling your mouse over
the names of the rock types and clicking on the images to view the animations. Write
descriptions in the table below as you hover over each label of the rock cycle.
Label of Type or Process
Description of what is happening in each step.
42. Compaction and Cementing
Cementation. A sedimentary rock-forming process in which sediment
grains are held together by natural cements that are produced when water
moves through rock and soil. Compaction. The process that forms
sedimentary rocks when layers of sediments are compressed by the
weight of the layers above th
43. Sedimentary Rock
Sedimentary rocks are formed by the lithification of inorganic and/or
organic sediments, or as chemical precipitates. Clastic sedimentary rocks
form when existing parent rock material is weathered, fragmented,
transported, and deposited in layers that compact, cement, and lithify to
form sedimentary rocks.
44.heat and pressure
Heat and pressure deep in the Earth makes some rocks change to
metamorphic rock. Both sedimentary and metamorphic rocks can get so
hot they turn into liquid rock (magma). Layers of rock get squashed and
packed together and gradually harden to form sedimentary rock.
45Metamorphic rocks
During metamorphism, rocks may fold, fracture, or even partially melt to
a viscous state and flow before reforming into a new rock. Metamorphic
rocks change in appearance, mineralogy, and sometimes even chemical
composition from their parent rock source
46. Melting and cooling
When magma rises from deep within the earth and explodes out of a
volcano, it is called lava, and it cools quickly on the surface.
47. Magma
Magma is a molten and semi-molten rock mixture found under the
surface of Earth. This mixture is usually made up of four parts: a hot
liquid base, called the melt; minerals crystallized by the melt; solid rocks
incorporated into the melt from the surrounding confines; and dissolved
gases
48. Igneous Rock
Igneous rocks can become sedimentary rocks by weathering, erosion,
deposition, and compaction. Igneous rock at Earth's surface breaks down
into sediments by weathering. Erosion carries the sediments and deposits
them in layers. Over time, these layers become buried and compacted to
form sedimentary rock.
49. Weathering and Erosion
Weathering describes the breaking down or dissolving of rocks and
minerals on the surface of the Earth. Water, ice, acids, salts, plants,
animals, and changes in temperature are all agents of weathering. Once a
rock has been broken down, a process called erosion transports the bits of
rock and mineral away.
50. Fill in the blanks in the diagram
to the right. Use the graphic on
the website to help you.
Click on (in red) “Complete the Cycle”. Answer questions 51 - 55 as you move through the
challenge.
51. When rocks are affected by weathering and erosion, they change into what? Sediment
52. When sediment is compacted and cemented, it changes into which type of rock?
Sedimentary rock
53. When heat and pressure are applied to a sedimentary rock, it changes into metamorphic rock.
54. When melting of a metamorphic rock occurs, it changes into what?
Magma
55. When magma is cooled, it changes into which of the following? Igneous rock
Task 7: Rock Cycle Game
56. Use the following
link
to complete the Rock Cycle Game.
Drop and drag all the labels and pictures in the correct order on the diagram. Keep practicing
until you can do it in at least 45 seconds!
When complete, draw the pictures and labels of the parts of the rock cycle in the space below.
(must be neat,
complete and easy to understand)
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