Test Physical Geology 1305 - Quizzes 07, 08, & 09 Quizlet
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Houston Community College *
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Course
1305
Subject
Geology
Date
Dec 6, 2023
Type
Pages
6
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24 Written questions
Definition
The term half-life represents the time it takes
- for half of the parent atoms to decay into daughter atoms.
- for the parent atoms to decay into atoms half their original size.
- to dissolve half of the atoms in the lattice.
- for the Sun to decrease its size by 50 percent.
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Definition
Clastic sedimentary rocks that contain iron oxide cement will appear
- smooth.
- red in color.
- unsorted.
- layered.
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Definition
In this section, a lower grey rock is successively overlain by beach sandstone, lagoon mudstone, and limestone. What is the
best interpretation of what was going on?
- Sea level was stable but the temperatures were getting warmer.
- None of these describe what was occurring.
- Sea level was stable but the temperatures were getting colder.
- The area was experiencing a transgression.
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Definition
What chemical processes can occur during metamorphism and deformation?
- remobilization
- All of these choices are correct.
- recrystalization
- pressure solution
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Definition
Which of the following is NOT a type of carbonate rock?
- dolostone
- shale
- limestone
- a rock formed from a coral reef
- travertine
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Definition
A graded bed forms due to:
- an abrupt change in the composition of the sediment.
- a gradual change in global climate.
- a gradual change in the climate of the region.
- a gradual decrease in the strength of the current over time.
- the piling of sediment down the front of a dune or ripple.
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Definition
Which type of unconformity is produced when layers of sandstone and conglomerate bury an eroded surface of an igneous or
metamorphic rock?
- disconformity
- nonconformity
- angular unconformity
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Definition
What type of fault is shown in this figure?
- dip-slip fault
- normal fault
- reverse fault
- strike-slip fault
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Definition
In geology, determining time equivalency in rocks is called
- corresponding.
- correlation.
- continuity.
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Definition
Which principle is used to determine the age of rocks by ordering them from oldest on the bottom to the youngest on the
top?
- unconformities
- inclusions
- superposition
- cross-cutting
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Definition
How does an angular unconformity form?
- Older rocks are tilted, eroded, and overlain by younger rocks.
- Any of these could form an angular unconformity.
- Rock layers are turned upside down at an angle.
- Angular rocks are deposited on top of flat-lying layers.
- Rocks are folded into an angle and the top is removed by faulting.
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Definition
Fine-grained sediment would most likely be present at
- the coral reef at C and deep seafloor at D.
- the beach at A and coral reef at C.
- the beach at A and lagoon at B.
- the lagoon at B and deep seafloor at D.
- the lagoon at B and coral reef at C.
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Definition
Which of the following is the earliest (oldest) chapter of geologic time?
- Mesozoic
- Cenozoic
- Paleozoic
- Precambrian
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Definition
Which of the following is a valid statement about how rocks respond to stress?
- If the stress is very high, the rock will be unchanged.
- Stress can cause a rock to be displaced, but not rotated.
- If a rock has strained, then it has changed its size or shape.
- A rock can be displaced or strained but not both at the same time.
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Definition
What typically happens to the size, shape, and sorting of clasts as they are transported from steep mountains toward more
gentle settings?
- The size of the clasts increases.
- The sediment becomes more poorly sorted.
- The clasts become more rounded.
- All these occur with transportation.
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Definition
What is a trace fossil?
- a preserved feature made by an animal as it moved across or within soft sediment
- a feature that looks like a fossil but was created through an inorganic process
- a small bit of a preserved hard part of an animal
- None of these describe a trace fossil.
- the impression of an animal's skeleton
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Definition
What is a principle we use to determine the age of a landscape surface?
- The highest river terrace is probably the youngest in age.
- A surface with a well-developed soil is probably older than a surface with no soil.
- A landscape surface is younger than any rock that is deposited on top of the surface.
- A landscape surface must be older than any rocks onto which it is carved.
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Definition
What type of structure is shown in this figure?
- plunging anticline
- plunging syncline
- asymmetric anticline
- asymmetric syncline
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Definition
Floodplains are built of
- mud and sand deposited by floodwaters.
- sand and gravel carried in mountain streams.
- sand deposited by wind in dune forms.
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Definition
In what site on this figure would you expect low pressure/high temperature metamorphism?
- C
- E
- A
- B
- D
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Definition
What type of rock would you form in this plant-rich swamp?
- limestone
- iron formation
- coal
- rock salt and other evaporite minerals
- chert
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Definition
Fractures that are simple cracks where the rock has pulled apart by a small amount are
- faults.
- joints.
- cracks.
- beds.
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Definition
Which of the following rocks cannot be metamorphosed?
- limestone
- sandstone
- shale
- All these can be metamorphosed.
- granite
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Definition
Which of the following is NOT something we can learn by studying geologic structures and metamorphic rocks?
- the type of fault that is present
- whether metamorphic minerals grew before or after deformation
- the location of a fault in the landscape
- We can learn information about all these by studying structures and metamorphic rocks.
- temperature and pressure conditions of metamorphism
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