Lab1-Scientific method and intro to geology_Questions

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Georgia State University *

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1101

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Geology

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Oct 30, 2023

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Lab 1 GEOL 1121 Name ………………….. Scientific method and Introduction to Geology The scientific method is a series of steps followed by scientific investigators to answer specific questions about the natural world. The steps of the scientific method are as Observation, Question, Hypothesis, Experiment, Results, Conclusion. 1) Explain the term “science” in your own words. (2 pts) Science is the understanding of both the natural and social world, through observations and experiments and conducting theories. 2) Make your own observations about something around you. It could be something in your house that is happening, something you see outside your window, something you remember seeing on campus. For each observation, write a hypothesis about WHY the thing you observed happened. Finally, write and explanation of how you would test your hypothesis. Please do this for three observations and fill in the table. (9 pts) Observation Hypothesis (why the thing you observed happened) How would you test the hypothesis A kid crying. I think the kid did not want In order to test my

to go upstairs. hypothesis, I would let the kid be and see where he goes. I just observed my friend ignore his phone calls repeatedly. He seemed irritated or bothered by the person. In order to test my hypothesis, I would observe his facial reactions after hanging up or when seeing the calls. I observed the unusual windiness during a summer day. I believe it happened because it was about to rain. In order to test my hypothesis I will go outside and see how the climate changes and observe any activity of rain. 3) What is an example of something you have heard at some point in your life that is a hypothesis but was presented to you as a theory? (2 pts) An example of something I have heard at some point in my life, was that the moon landing was faked. Which is a theory and not a hypothesis. 4) What is one scientific law you learned in high school or in any other science class? (2 pt) Newton’s first law of motion, which is an object at rest will remain at rest unless a force acts on it.

5) This graph shows the weather on GSU campus from May 11, 2020. What was the temperature at 9 am? Make sure to include units! (2 pts) The temperature at 9 am was around 56 degrees Fahrenheit. 6) Does this graph represent observations or hypotheses? Why? (4 pts) This graph is an observational graph because it recorded temperature, wind, and speed. 7) Using that same graph, make two more observations about the weather that day. (2 pts) Around 6:30 AM was around50 Degrees Fahrenheit. And around 4pm the temperature reached 70 degrees Fahrenheit.

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8) Now, here is the weather from April 29, 2020. What do you observe was different from this day than May 11 th ? What is a hypothesis that would explain these observations? How would you test that hypothesis? (6 pts) Looking at this graph the temperatures from April 29, was much more versatile, and the ones in May was a lot more constant. My observation is that the temperature was transitioning because of the season change spring to summer. In order to test these hypothesis, I would look at weather records from the same place around the same time for similar weather patterns.

Now let’s look into some basic math problems. 9) A car travels 5 miles in 20 minutes. How fast was it traveling (in miles/min) (2 pts) It was travelling at speeds of 0.25 miles/minute. 10)How fast was it traveling (in mph) (2 pt) It was travelling at speeds of 15 miles/hour. 11)A car was traveling at 60 mph for 30 minutes. How far did it travel, in km? (3 pts) The vehicle travelled approximately 48.27 km. In a span of 30 minutes. 12)A stick is 0.5 m long. How long is it in inches? (2 pts) Length in inches = 19.69 inches. 13)A rock has a surface area of 3 in 2 . What is the surface area in cm 2 ? Remember: in 2 = in*in and both units need to be converted. (4 pts) Surface area = 19.35cm^2.

Introduction to Geology Geology is the science that deals with the earth's physical structure and substance, its history, and the processes that act on it. 14) Is the earth a dynamic system? If so, explain why in your own words. Is the earth a dynamic planet? Let's start off with what makes a planet dynamic. A dynamic planet is constantly evolving both internally and externally. For example, a change in the atmosphere such as weather activity. And a planet that allows the existence of nature and life. Therefore, yes, the earth is very much a dynamic planet. 15) Listed below are general things we use/find in everyday life. Can you think of ways geology has affected for the construction, destruction, usage, or behavior of these items? Item How geology has affected for the construction, destruction, usage, or behavior of the item Pencil Pencil is made of graphite which comes from metamorphic rocks. Which is a substance from the earth. Fossil fuel Fossil Fuels has affected the geology of the earths weather causing significant climate change. The ancient city of Pompeii The ancient city of Pompeii was built on a spur formed by a prehistoric lava. An the earth’s geology caused this to happen.

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Atlanta subway system The Atlanta subway system was made and operated by living beings (humans), who play a key role. In inhabiting this dynamic planet (earth). Lake Lanier Lake Lanier was constructed by the earth which is one of the process of geology. 16) What major do you study? How do you think geology and your major are connected? Am studying computer science, and I believe since it’s a sector in science. Geology should be able to give me a bigger picture of what the study of science is about.