LAB 3 FINSIHED
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Apr 3, 2024
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Lab 3: Plate Tectonics
GEOG 1113L – Introduction to Landforms Lab
Name: _____________
I.
The Saga of Supercontinents
1.
What has driven the Earth’s advances and setbacks, explosions of life, and its extinction events?
The movement of the continents and plate tectonics is caused by the earths setbacks and for front movements 2.
What mid-20
th
century discovery solidified the theory of continental drift? What is the significance of this feature?
Underground mountain ranges in the sea which were discovered lead to the continental drift theory. This proves that mountain ranges are created through tectonic plate movement,
3.
Another primary mechanism of plate tectonics is called ________, where oceanic crust slides under continental crust and begins to melt and mix with the mantle.
subduction
4.
Kenorland was one of the Earth’s first supercontinents that formed __________ years ago and was not much bigger than __________.
-2.5-2.7 billion years – and austrailia
5.
Which supercontinent existed at the same time as the Earth’s first animals? Did they live on the land?
pannotia
6.
How many supercontinents were mentioned in the video?
7
7.
What caused the two major extinctions of Pangaea?
Volcanic eruption pulletues the sun and bocks the sun
8.
How fast are the continents moving?
2,5 cm a year
II.
Plate Boundaries
Open the PowerPoint “Lab 3 Part II_Plate Boundaries”. Read through the definitions and hints on the
first slide of the PowerPoint. Draw at least two convergent boundaries and two divergent boundaries on the map using the “Draw” tab in the second slide of the PowerPoint. Make your divergent boundaries green and your convergent boundaries red
. Draw arrows on each side of your boundaries to indicate which direction the plates are moving. Upload your completed PowerPoint activity along with your completed lab assignment document to the Lab 3 assignment submission folder on iCollege.
III.
The Tectonic Cycle
Use the diagram below to help you answer the question. 1.
In your own words, describe the lifecycle of Earth’s tectonic plates. Be sure to use the labels in the image to help you provide as much detail as possible. When magma starts to move the plates start to move and separate. This creates
mid ocean ridges. This then creates and forms oceans islands and igneous provinces. Then the plate sinking with the mantle becomes part of the magma.
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IV.
Tectonic Scavenger Hunt
Visit the link below and explore the contents of This Dynamic Earth: The Story of Plate Tectonics. You can begin by clicking “Preface” or “Historical Perspectives”, then click the arrows at the bottom of each page to advance forward or go back. You should visit each of the “Sidebar” pages and images as
well. Answer the questions below that go along with the reading. Link: https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/dynamic.html
1.
How many tectonic plates are there? (Hint: You’ll have to count!)
7 major
2.
Explain the difference between the previously accepted geological theory, “catastrophism” and the accepted theory of today, “uniformitarianism”. Catastrophism says there are short lived large scale events while uniformitarians says the idea of long lived small scale events are supported.
3.
What are two reasons Alfred Wegener was convinced of continental drift?
He realized that the explanation fits all the climate, rock, and fossil involved in the continents that are moving.
4.
Where is the lithosphere thinnest?
It is thinnest where there are rift valleys and ocean ridges
5.
What is the composition of continental and oceanic crust, and how do the two relate to each other in terms of density and thickness? It is made of mostly of grante and it is composed of basalt.
6.
What new data was Alfred Wegener unable to discover because of his untimely death?
He wasn’t able to explain that what force immersive enough could cause the contents to break through the earth crust like icebreakers.
7.
What did the Australian polar dinosaur fossils provide evidence of?
It provided a array of feathered dinosaurs and birds that could fly.
8.
The ocean floor contains what magnetic mineral that can distort compass readings?
It contains basalt
9.
What sort of data does this mineral (from question 8) provide when observed in a volcanic rock?
Igneous rock
10.
Where do earthquakes concentrate the most?
The pacifici seismic belt
11.
Because our 4.5-billion-year-old Earth is constantly cycling oceanic crust, how old is the oldest oceanic crust still on Earth’s surface today?
A.
Thousands of years old
B.
Billions of years old
C.
Millions of years old
D.
Hundreds of millions of years old
12.
Instead of sunlight, what source of energy does the deep ocean survive on near mid-ocean ridges? Chemical energy
13.
How many tr6enches are a part of The Ring of Fire?6
14.
What caused the formation of the Himalayas and when?
When india and Eurasia colled
15.
What is a transform boundary and where do you find them?
San andreas
16.
What and where is the fastest rate of plate movement?
California
17.
What are the e techniques used to study the earth’s surface and which one is best for measuring
tectonic movement and why?
GPS
18.
What created the Hawaiian island chain?
Hot spot volcanism
19.
What is the significance of Loihi?
Provides the place to determine the structure of growth of nascent oceanic island
20.
What two main sources provide heat within the earth?
Radiogenic heat and heat left from the formation of earth
21.
In your own words, what is one piece of information you found interesting from the “Extraterrestrial plate tectonics?” section?
I find the head tectonics that changed the plates to be the most interesinting.
22.
In your own words, what is one piece of information you found interesting from the “What went on before the break-up of Pangaea?” section?
I find the fact that some people don’t believe that Pangea existed to be the most interesting 23.
In your own words, what is one piece of information you found interesting from the “Plate tectonics and people?” section? I lovr that I learned about the facts of plate tectonics and how it changed the formation of the earth.