whitney macaulay -Hallmark Worksheet 1 - Community Assessment

BSN 325 Community Health Assessment Worksheet Whitney Macaulay Data References Community Information: Include:  Location  Type of community  Describe Geography & weather  Major industries  Primary employers, etc.  Number of schools  Universities  Number and type of parks  Type of grocery stores  restaurants (and type)  Produce markets  Hospitals  Clinics  Public transportation. Sacramento, California Type of Community:  Diverse urban community, state capital of California.  The community in Sacramento City is predominantly residential, with 94% of the population residing in urban areas, while the remaining 6% lives in rural areas (U.S. Census Bureau, 2020).  The reported crime rates in Sacramento City are 22.5 for property crimes and 7.9 for violent crimes, based on per 1,000 residents (NeighborhoodScout, 2021). Geography & Weather:  Central Valley location, Mediterranean climate.  Hot, dry summers; mild, wet winters. Major Industries:  Government, healthcare, education, technology, agriculture, transportation. Primary Employers:  State and local government agencies, healthcare systems (Sutter Health, UC Davis Health), Intel, Aerojet Rocketdyne. Education:  Numerous public and private schools.  Notable universities: Sac State, UC Davis. Parks:  14 parks. Some of which include Demographics and facts . Sacramento County. (n.d.). https://www.saccounty.gov/Government/Pages/Demo graphicsandFacts.aspx United States Census Bureau (2020). American factfinder. Sacramento city, California - Census Bureau Profile

William Land Park, McKinley Park, and others that offer recreational spaces for the public. Grocery Stores:  Safeway, Raley's, Save Mart, and specialty/ethnic markets, etc. Restaurants:  Many different cuisine options.  emphasis on farm-to-table dining. Produce Markets:  Community Co-op and weekly farmers markets in various locations. Healthcare:  UC Davis Medical Center, Mercy General Hospital, Sutter Medical Center, and clinics. Public Transportation:  Sacramento RT (buses, light rail), Amtrak, Sacramento International Airport. Community Demographics: Include:  Population  Gender distribution  Data for married/single  Elderly  Unemployment rate  Mean income  Number of households  Types of Population 528,001 Gender distribution Female: 50.8% Male: 49.2% Data for married/single Married: 42% Single: 58% Elderly 65 and over: 15% Unemployment rate: 4.2% Mean income: 71,074 United States Census Bureau (2020). American factfinder. Sacramento city, California - Census Bureau Profile Demographics and facts . Sacramento County. (n.d.). https://www.saccounty.gov/Government/Pages/Demo graphicsandFacts.aspx

the Top 3 below Asthma: 7.0% which is worse than 25% of US counties Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): 10.0% heart disease: visits: 9,868 7.6% “An estimated 55,000 adult residents in Sacramento County reported living with heart disease ( community health needs assessment - UC davis health, 2022) .” Health Data 2: Infectious Diseases Collect as much health data as possible. Should include at least 5 infectious diseases. Incidence and prevalence of infectious diseases  Information needs to be supported by data  You will determine the most prevalent (3) and copy (with data) to the Top 3 below 1. Influenza (Flu) 11.9 deaths/ 100,000 population 2. COVID-19 Fatality rate- 1.6 deaths per 100 cases Incidence Rate - 7.89 cases per 100,000 population 3. Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) 462.7 cases/ 100,000 population 4. Tuberculosis (TB) 4.8 cases/ 100,000 population 5. Valley Fever – Coccidioidomycosis 3.2 per 100,000 population Community Dashboard - Community Health Rates and Data . BeHealthySacramento. (2023, July). https://www.behealthysacramento.org/indicators

Health Data 3: Risk Factors Collect as much health data as possible Incidence and prevalence of major risk factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, drug use, teen pregnancy, etc.)  Information needs to be supported by data  You will determine the most prevalent (3) and copy (with data) to the Top 3 below Air Quality: Sacramento can experience periods of poor air quality, particularly during wildfire seasons or due to other sources of pollution. Exposure to poor air quality can contribute to respiratory issues and other health problems. PM2.5 concentration in Sacramento is currently 3.9 times the WHO annual air quality guideline value Extreme Heat Sacramento has very hot summers, and prolonged exposure to high temperatures can increase the risk of heat-related illnesses. This is especially critical for more vulnerable people like older adults or young children. By 2050, Sacramento is projected to experience 28 days of the year above 102 degrees Fahrenheit. Drug Use Sacramento, like many cities, has seen challenges related to drug use. This includes the use of substances such as opioids, methamphetamines, and other illicit drugs. 3.7 per 100,000 residents in December 2022 Sacramento Air Quality Index (AQI) and California Air Pollution . IQAir. (n.d.). https://www.iqair.com/us/usa/california/sacramento Sacramento, California Climate Change Risks and hazards: Precipitation, heat. Climate Check. (2021). https://climatecheck.com/california/sacramento Mitri, L. (2023, August 22). Drug overdose death rate higher in Sacramento County than California, US . KCRA. H ttps://www.kcra.com/article/sacramento-county-high-overdose- rate-fentanyl/44872191#:~:text=The% 20database%20shows%20the%20overdose,the%20state%20and %20the%20nation. Social Data:  Community sports  Recreation  religious organizations  spiritual practices  volunteer organizations  support networks  community -It has a variety of recreational sports leagues, including basketball, soccer, baseball, and more. - 1,970 religious organizations # of participants % of Pop. Roman Catholic22,9725 16.19 Nondenominati onal 54,060 3.81 Mormon 44,951 3.17 Shankar, S., & Miller, D. E. (2009, September 16). Sacramento County . Sacramento County | Center for Religion and Civic Culture. https://crcc.usc.edu/sacramento/

United States Census Bureau (n.d.). American factfinder. https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml Also, see https://www.countyhealthrankings.org/ and https://www. citydata.org. Top Three Chronic Diseases (include data to support decision to identify as most prevalent) Healthy People 2030 Goal 1)Mental Illness Promote mental health and prevent mental disorders through strengthening individual and community resilience, providing effective prevention and treatment, and advancing research. 2)Diabetes Raise the percentage of individuals with diabetes who utilize insulin and engage in daily blood sugar monitoring and regular check-ups. Enhance the rate of annual examinations among people with diabetes and expand access to formal diabetes education for a larger population. Reduce the burden of diabetes and improve the quality of life for all people who have, or are at risk for, diabetes. 3)Heart Disease Enhance cardiovascular well-being and overall quality of life by proactively addressing risk factors through prevention, early detection, and effective treatment. This approach aims to lower the occurrence of cardiovascular events and ultimately decrease mortality rates. Top Three Infectious Diseases (include data to support decision to identify as most prevalent) Healthy People 2030 Goal 1)Influenza Reduce the impact of seasonal influenza on public health by increasing the number of individuals who receive the influenza vaccine, thus providing a greater level of protection against the virus. 2)Tuberculosis Prevent, detect, and treat tuberculosis to eliminate the burden of TB in the United States

3)STIs/STDs Lower the incidence of new STD/STI cases, improve access to testing and treatment, and address underlying social and economic factors that contribute to the spread of these infections. It emphasizes comprehensive strategies to promote sexual health and reduce the impact of STDs/STIs on individuals and communities. Top Three Health Concerns (include data to support decision to identify as most prevalent) Healthy People 2030 Goal 1)Drug Use Prevent and reduce substance misuse and its consequences, including addiction, overdose, and related health and social harms, through evidence-based prevention, treatment, and recovery approaches. 2)Extreme Heat Reduce the health impacts of extreme heat events by enhancing preparedness, improving community resilience, and implementing effective heat response strategies. 3)Poor Air Quality Reduce the health impacts of poor air quality by implementing policies, practices, and interventions that improve air quality and protect vulnerable populations. Priority Community Concern: The priority community concern is there is an increase in drug use: opioids, methamphetamines, and other illicit drugs, which is a critical concern for the Sacramento community. This issue poses significant risks to individuals, families, and the broader community, leading to addiction, overdose, mental health challenges, and various social and economic consequences. ____________________________________________________________________________  This must be supported by data and will be the topic of the prevention teaching plan for Worksheet #2.  The teaching proposal will be a one stop – one hour class for a target population in the community.