BIO 315 8-2 Quiz
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School
Southern New Hampshire University *
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Course
315
Subject
Geography
Date
Dec 6, 2023
Type
docx
Pages
4
Uploaded by pinkrinos
_____________ and ______________ are the primary controls on
net productivity in terrestrial ecosystems.
climate; nutrient availability
The following diagram, which shows that predatory crabs
positively affect
Spartina
populations via the crabs' negative
effect on snails that graze on
Spartina
, is an example of a
_________________.
trophic cascade
The primary productivity of forest stands changes as the trees
age. The result is a pattern of __________ primary productivity
during the early stages of stand development followed by a(n)
__________ as the forest ages and the standing biomass
__________.
increasing; decline; increases
__________ describes the rate of energy storage as organic
matter after respiration.
Net primary productivity
What are the two major food chains found within ecosystems?
grazing food chain and detrital food chain
What is the rhizosphere?
a region of the soil where plant roots function- Incorrect
__________ are the dominant decomposers of dead plant
material.
Fungi
In intensive agricultural settings, soil fertility
_____________because organic matter is harvested rather than
returned to the soil surface where it can undergo the process
of decomposition and mineralization.
Declines
The key process of recycling of nutrients within ecosystems is
termed ________________.
Decomposition
__________ is the transformation of elements in organic
compounds into inorganic form.
Mineralization
The natural scarcity of phosphorus in aquatic ecosystems is
emphasized by the _____________ in water that receives heavy
discharges of phosphorus-rich wastes.
explosive growth of algae
Which of the following statements about biogeochemical
cycles is FALSE?
The sedimentary cycles of major minerals are identical.
In gaseous biogeochemical cycles, the main sources of
nutrient inputs are _______________ and _______________.
atmosphere; oceans
Which of the following statements about nutrient outputs is
FALSE?
Plants and microbes can transform nutrients into gaseous
forms that are lost from ecosystems.-Incorrect, not sure
correct answer.
Leaching can lead to the loss of nutrients through
underground water flow.
Carbon fixed during photosynthesis represents a nutrient
output
.
Nutrients can be lost from an ecosystem even when they are
in organic form.
Respiration results in a loss of carbon to the atmosphere as
CO2.
__________ is the difference between the rate of carbon uptake
during photosynthesis and the rate of carbon loss due to
respiration by both autotrophs and heterotrophs.
Net ecosystem productivity
The following graph suggests that the great tit (
Parus major
) is
nesting ___________in the year now than it did in 1970.
Earlier
Long-term phenological data sets have shown that spring
activities such as migratory behavior, the termination of
winter dormancy, or the onset of reproductive behavior have
occurred progressively ______ since the 1960s.
Earlier
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
Scientists generally agree that there is likely to be a
1.1°C to 6.4°C increase in global temperatures by 2100.
Climate models of varying institutions differ somewhat in their
predictions, but all predict an increase in global temperature.
General circulation models (GCMs) are used to investigate how
increases in greenhouse gas concentrations may affect global
climate.
The warming in global climate is predicted to be greatest
during summers.
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Climate models of varying institutions differ somewhat in their
predictions, but all predict an increase in global precipitation.
In response to general warming trends, many animal species
are expected to shift their distributions __________ in latitude
and __________ in altitude.
poleward; upward
The following graph, in which the phenological responses of
different organisms are shown on the y-axis (0 = no change,
negative values = earlier, positive values = later),
demonstrates that ___________.
Most species experience an advance in the onset of
spring activities