Chapter 10 assignment copy
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Utah Valley University *
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1010
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Geography
Date
Feb 20, 2024
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docx
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2
Uploaded by AgentMorningHerring22
Thunderstorms and Tornadoes
1.
What are the primary requirements for the formation of thunderstorms?
The primary requirement for the formation of thunderstorms is unstable air that is moving
vertically. (Moisture,
Instability (unstable laps rate), and
a lifting mechanism
.)
2.
Where would you expect thunderstorms to be most common in the United States.
I would expect thunderstorms to be most common in the USA around the Gulf of Mexico, because there is plenty of warm, moist, and unstable maritime tropical air.
3.
During what season and at what time of day is air-mass thunderstorm activity greatest?
Spring and summer in the afternoon because the air is unstable during these seasons and the surface temperature is highest during the afternoon.
4.
What causes the dissipating stage of an air-mass thunderstorm?
This stage is dominated by downdrafts and entrainment causing evaporation.
5.
How does a severe thunderstorm differ from an air-mass thunderstorm?
The air mass thunderstorm only lasts about an hour which is not enough time to produce severe weather. In the Severe thunderstorm
the updrafts and downdrafts are separate from
one another
, This allows the storm to last longer and severe weather may develop.
6.
What is a dryline?
Dryline is a boundary separating moist and dry air masses
7.
How is thunder created?
Thunder is created
when lightning passes through the air
. The lightning discharge heats the air rapidly and causes it to expand.
8.
What is a step leader?
A step leader is a type of lightning stroke, and in this case, a step leader extends earthward in a short, nearly invisible burst.
9.
What is a lightning strike?
A lightning strike or lightning bolt is an electric discharge between the atmosphere and the ground.
10. Why do tornadoes have such high wind speeds?
Tornadoes have such high wind speeds because the pressure gradient inside the tornado is
so high.
11. What makes the rotating air column of a tornado visible?
Tornadoes become visible when
water vapor condenses into a cloud and/or the tornado picks up dust and debris
.
12. In what direction do the majority of tornadoes move?
Tornadoes can appear from any direction. Most move from
southwest to northeast, or west to east
.
13. How is a rating on the EF scale determined?
An EF-scale category is assigned based on the highest wind speed that occurred within the damage path.
14. What advantages does Doppler radar have over conventional radar?
Doppler radar improved ability to track thunderstorm and issue based on their potential to
produce tornadoes, whereas conventional radar works by transmitting short pulses of electromagnetic energy. Doppler radar can detect motion directly.
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