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Kenyatta University *
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Course
MISC
Subject
Geography
Date
Nov 24, 2024
Type
docx
Pages
4
Uploaded by PrivateOxide20005
PART 1
1.
Why the United States doesn't have a seat at the table
Due to its non-ratification of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS),
the United States must be represented at the negotiating table. Notwithstanding its ratification
and adherence to a substantial portion of the treaty's provisions, the United States maintains its
status as a non-party. Therefore, it is ineligible to participate actively in UNCLOS entities such
as the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf, the International Seabed Authority,
and the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. Through ratifying these institutions, the
United States would acquire a direct influence, thereby ensuring the protection of its rights and
assertions by the treaty's terms.
2.
What makes the United States change opinion
The progressive development of the discourse surrounding the United States membership in
UNCLOS can be attributed to the influence of changing geopolitical and environmental
conditions. Supporters argue that membership in UNCLOS would allow the United States to
address maritime zone issues, more efficiently manage depleted fish inventories, and establish a
more substantial presence in international organizations. The United States interests in the
convention have been reevaluated in light of the increasing difficulties posed by climate change
and the strategic importance of the South China Sea and Arctic.
3.
Suggestions to prevent the Arctic Ocean from over-exploitation:
Promote the establishment of agreements and international cooperation among Arctic
nations to establish standards for environmental protection, conservation, and sustainable
fisheries practices.
Adopt UNCLOS to fortify the maritime delimitation framework in the Arctic, establish
unambiguous principles governing the extraction of resources, and mitigate the risk of
excessive exploitation.
Propose the formation of bilateral agreements with neighboring Arctic nations to
establish distinct maritime boundaries and delineate the rights and responsibilities of each
nation.
Invest in scientific research to comprehend and monitor the Arctic ecosystem, enabling
resource management and conservation decisions to be grounded in evidence.
Establish and implement all-encompassing regulatory structures for exploiting Arctic
minerals, oil, and gas. These frameworks should integrate sustainable practices and
environmental impact assessments.
Encourage the participation of indigenous communities in resource management
initiatives while valuing and honoring their traditional knowledge and incorporating them
into decision-making processes.
To mitigate the impact of human activities on Arctic ecosystems, implement stringent
environmental protection measures, such as those designed to prevent oil spills and other
forms of contamination.
The likelihood of resource-related conflicts can be diminished by employing diplomatic
channels to pursue international recognition of sovereignty claims in the Arctic.
Emergency Response Plans: Establish effective emergency response plans and
coordination mechanisms to address environmental incidents promptly and minimize
their impact on the Arctic environment.
Public Awareness and Education: Increase public awareness and education regarding the
fragile Arctic ecosystem and the importance of sustainable practices to garner support for
conservation efforts.
PART 2
1.
Should we hunt whales?
Ethical, environmental, and cultural considerations must be brought into the whale hunting
process. Whaling proponents argue that it provides economic benefits, such as employment
opportunities in the restaurant and fishery sectors, and safeguards a portion of their cultural
heritage. On the contrary, whaling is a subject of contention among various environmental and
conservation organizations. Critics argue that it often lacks sustainability, behaves inhumanely,
and poses a risk to whale populations. Additionally, whales' intelligence and social structures
have been criticized, which raises ethical concerns regarding their hunting.
2.
Why is the abundance of whales depleted dramatically?
Historiographic evidence suggests that unregulated commercial whaling played a role in the
decline of whale populations, which caused the extinction of some species and substantial
population declines in others. The International Whaling Commission (IWC) prohibited
commercial whaling in 1986 to safeguard whale populations. Even though some species have
demonstrated signs of recovery, others remain in imminent danger of extinction. Degradation of
whale habitats, pollution, and entanglement in fishing gear all contribute to the decline of whale
populations.
3.
Why won't whalers want to stop?
Whalers might exhibit resistance toward the cessation of their activities for economic, cultural,
and nationalistic motives. There is a viewpoint that whaling is indispensable for the continued
existence of commercial fisheries and the accessibility of seafood sourced from the ocean.
Additionally, national prestige and cultural traditions are justifications for continuing whaling.
Further, apprehensions exist regarding the economic ramifications for communities dependent on
activities associated with whaling.
Any suggestions for whale conservation?
Strengthen and broaden global endeavors to ensure adherence to regulations about the
preservation of whales. Advocate for the advancement of global collaboration in
addressing issues such as the unlawful activity of whaling.
Invest in research to ascertain how human activities affect the environment, whale
populations, and migration patterns. Implement effective monitoring strategies to
supervise the health and condition of cetacean populations.
Promote responsible whale viewing, sustainable fisheries, and ecotourism as viable
economic alternatives to assist whaling communities in their struggle for survival.
Raise awareness among the general public regarding whales' ecological role, the critical
nature of whale conservation efforts, and the perils they face. Increased public support for
conservation efforts can be facilitated using education.
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Reduce ocean pollution and mitigate the impact of fishing gear on whales through
implementing and enforcing regulations. Promote and advocate for sustainable fishing
practices that aim to reduce the unintentional entanglement of whales.
Advocate for the implementation of global pressure on countries that partake in whaling
operations contrary to conservation agreements. Advocate for diplomatic initiatives
pursued to achieve a global resolution to the issue.
Support and cooperate with conservation organizations, such as the Sea Shepherd
Conservation Society and Greenpeace, that actively engage in direct action and advocacy
to protect whales.
Strengthening and enforcing national and international legal frameworks would serve to
deter and penalize illicit whaling operations.