Corperate Finance Midterm Practice Questions
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Jan 9, 2024
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If you did this analysis on every stock listed on an exchange, what would the average Jensen’s
alpha be across all stocks?
a.
Depend upon whether the market went up or down during the period
b.
Should be zero
c.
Should be greater than zero, because stocks tend to go up more often than down.
Disney has a positive Jensen’s alpha of 9.02% a year between 2008 and 2013. This can be
viewed as a sign that management in the firm did a good job, managing the firm during the
period.
a.
True
b.
False
Disney has had a positive Jensen’s alpha between 2008 and 2013. If you were an investor in
early 2014, looking at the stock, you would view this as a sign that the stock will be a:
a.
Good investment for the future
b.
Bad investment for the future
c.
No information about the future
R Squared = 73%
This implies that 73% of the risk at Disney comes from market sources 27%, therefore, comes
from firm-specific sources.
The firm-specific risk is diversifiable and will not be rewarded.
Question – The Relevance of R-squared:
You are a diversified investor trying to decide whether you should invest in Disney or Amgen.
They both have betas of 1.25, but Disney has an R Squared of 73% while Amgen’s R squared is
only 25%.
Which one would you invest in?
a.
Amgen, because it has the lower R squared
b.
Disney, because it has the higher R squared
c.
You would be indifferent
Would your answer be different if you were an undiversified investor?
Inputs to the expected return calculation
Disney’s Beta = 1.25
Riskfree Rate = 2.75% (U.S. ten-year T.Bond rate in November 2013)
Risk Premium = 5.76% (Based on Disney’s operating exposure)
Expected Return = Risk-free Rate + Beta (Risk Premium) = 2.75% + 1.25 (5.76%) = 9.95%
As a potential investor in Disney, what does this expected return of 9.95% tell you?
a.
This is the return that I can expect to make in the long term on Disney, if the stock is
correctly priced and the CAPM is the right model for risk,
b.
This is the return that I need to make on Disney in the long term to break even on my
investment in the stock
c.
Both
Assume now that you are an active investor and that your research suggests that an investment
in Disney will yield 12.5% a year for the next 5 years. Based upon the expected return of 9.95%,
you would
a.
Buy the stock
b.
Sell the stock
Beta measures the risk added on to a diversified portfolio. The owners of most private firms are
not diversified. Therefore, using beta to arrive at a cost of equity for a private firm will:
a.
Underestimate the cost of equity for the private firm
b.
Overestimate the cost of equity for the private firm
c.
Could under or over estimate the cost of equity for the private firm
The beta of a firm is 0.8558 and the median R-squared of a comparable publicly traded firms is
26.00%
𝑀𝑎?𝑘?? 𝐵??𝑎
? ???𝑎???
=
0.8558
0. 26
=
1. 6783
Total Beta:
Total Cost of Equity = 2.75 + 1.6783 (5.5%) = 11.98%
A firm has 7 percent preferred stock outstanding that sells for $68 a share. What is the cost of the
preferred stock?
r_ps = (0.07 * $68) / $68
r_ps = $4.76 / $68
r_ps ≈ 0.07 or 7% - So, the cost of the preferred stock is 7 percent.
In March 2004, Disney had convertible bonds outstanding with 19 years left to maturity and a
coupon rate of 2.125%, trading at $1,064/bond. Holders of this bond have the right to convert the
bond into 33.9444 shares of stock anytime over the bond’s remaining life. Using Disney’s pre-tax
cost of debt of 5.25%, break the convertible bond into straight bond and conversion option
components.
Calculate the value of the straight bond component:
Use the formula for the present value of future cash flows from the bond:
Value of Straight Bond = (Annual Coupon Payment / Yield to Maturity) + (Face Value / (1 + Yield
to Maturity)^Number of Years)
Value of Straight Bond = ($21.25 / 0.0525) + ($1,000 / (1 + 0.0525)^19)
Value of Straight Bond ≈ $405.71 + $224.20
Value of Straight Bond ≈ $629.91
Calculate the value of the conversion option component:
The conversion option component is the difference between the market price of the convertible
bond and the value of the straight bond component:
Conversion Option Component = Market Price of Convertible Bond - Value of Straight Bond
Component
Conversion Option Component = $1,064 - $629.91
Conversion Option Component ≈ $434.09
So, the convertible bond can be simplified into:
Straight Bond Component: $629.91
Conversion Option Component: $434.09
Assume Disney has debt, with book value of $14,288 million (face value), interest expenses of
$349 million, a current cost of borrowing of 3.75% and a weighted average maturity of 7.92 years.
Estimate the Market Value of Disney Debt.
Example: In addition to a debt of $13,028 million (market value), Disney has the following lease
payments over the next 10 years. Estimate the debt outstanding for the purpose of calculating the
cost of capital. Pre-tax cost of debt at Disney is 3.75%.
Debt outstanding at Disney = $13,028 + $ 2,933= $15,961 million
Assume the risk-free rate is 2.75% and tax rate is 36.1%. The cost of debt is estimated based
upon the firm’s bond rating. The default spread, given the firm’s rating, is 1%. The cost of equity is
based upon the bottom-up Beta of 1.0013 and a market risk premium of 5.76%. The market value
of debt, estimated using the present value of total interest payments and face value at the current
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cost of debt is $15.961 billion and the shares outstanding of 2 billion are trading at $60.939/share.
Estimate the cost of capital for the firm.
BC’s stock has a Beta of 0.95. Assuming a Treasury Bill rate of 5.8% and a Treasury Bond rate of
6.4%. The firm has debt outstanding of $1.7 billion and market value of equity of $1.5 billion. The
corporate marginal tax rate is 36%. The arithmetic mean market risk premium is 8.76%, while the
geometric mean market risk premium is 5.50%.
a.
Estimate the expected return on the stock for a short-term investor in the company.
b.
Estimate the expected returns on the stock for long-term investor in the company.
c.
Estimate the cost of equity for the company
d.
Assume that the current Beta of 0.95 for the stock is reasonable; estimate the unlevered
Beta for the company.
e.
How much of the risk in the company can be attributed to business risk and how much to
financial leverage risk. Note that Business Risk = unlevered beta/levered beta and
Financial Risk = 1-Business risk.
Assume that Disney intends to open a new theme park in Toronto. It is expected that 20% of the
revenues at the Toronto Disney park are expected to come from people who would have gone to
Disneyland in Anaheim, California. In doing the analysis of the park, you would:
a.
Look at only incremental revenues (i.e., 80% of the total revenue)
b.
Look at total revenues at the park
c.
Choose an intermediate number
The initial cost of remodeling a portion of a firm’s existing bookstore to make it a café, and of
buying equipment is expected to be $ 150,000. This investment is expected to have a life of
5 years, during which time it will be depreciated using a straight- line method. None of the cost is
expected to be recoverable at the end of the five years. The revenues in the first year are
expected to be $ 60,000, growing at 10% a year for the next 4 years. There will be 1 employee,
and the total cost for this employee in year 1 is expected to be $ 30,000, growing at 5% a year for
the next 4 years. The cost of the material (food, drinks) needed to run the café is expected to be
40% of revenues in each of the 5 years. An inventory amounting to 5% of the revenues has to be
maintained; investments in the inventory are made at the beginning of each year. The tax rate for
the firm is 40% and the cost of capital is 10.30%. The cost of capital for a privately owned
restaurant is 12.79%.
.
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year. Suppose we have the following information on a particular company:
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
High
$87.93
$100.35
$121.89
$133.60
Low price
69.85
83.19
79.99
110.18
EPS
6.54
8.96
8.62
10.21
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calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
b. What is the low target stock price over the next year? (Do not round intermediate
calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
a.
High target price
b. Low target price
price
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year. Suppose we have the following information on a particular company:
High
price
Low price
EPS
Year 1
$89.09
70.61
6.58
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Year 2
$103.03
84.91
9.00
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a. What was the average annual return of Microsoft stock from 2005-2017?
b. What was the annual volatility for Microsoft stock from 2005-2017?
a. What was the average annual return of Microsoft stock from 2005-2017?
The average annual return is %. (Round to two decimal places.)
Data table
(Click on the following icon in order to copy its contents into a spreadsheet.)
Realized Return for the S&P 500, Microsoft, and Treasury Bills, 2005-2017
S&P 500
Realized
Return
Microsoft
Realized
Return
Dividends
Paid*
Year End
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
S&P 500
Index
1211.92
1248.29
3.00%
4.80%
1418.30
1468.36
903.25
4.70%
1.50%
0.10%
0.10%
1115.10
1257.64
1257.61
0.00%
1426.19
0.10%
1848.36
0.00%
0.00%
2058.90
2043.94
0.00%
0.20%
2238.83
2673.61
0.80%
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Note: Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.
> Answer is complete but not entirely correct.
a. High target price
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Year 3
Year 4
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28.50%
39.90%
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2.
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Given this return data, the average realized return on Celestial Crane Cosmetics Inc.’s stock is .
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volatile stock returns?
Input the expected increase in the value of each firm's shares if the market
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places.)
Company
Apple Inc. (AAPL)
Dell Inc. (DELL)
Hewlett Packard (HPQ)
American Electric Power Co. (AEP)
Duke Energy Corp. (DUK)
Centerpoint Energy (CNP)
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%
%
%
%
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T-Bill
Return ()
0.02
0.02
2014
2015
2016
10.9
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13.0
21.3
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0.20
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Required A
Required B
Required C
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a
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Input area:
Year
Returns
1
8%
2
-12%
3
14%
4
21%
5
16%
Average inflation
3.10%
Average T-bill rate
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DHE TE
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- If you look at stock prices over any year, you will find a high and low stock price for the year. Instead of a single benchmark PE ratio, we now have a high and low PE ratio for each year. We can use these ratios to calculate a high and a low stock price for the next year. Suppose we have the following information on a particular company: Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 High $87.93 $100.35 $121.89 $133.60 Low price 69.85 83.19 79.99 110.18 EPS 6.54 8.96 8.62 10.21 Earnings are expected to grow at 5.5 percent over the next year. a. What is the high target stock price over the next year? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) b. What is the low target stock price over the next year? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) a. High target price b. Low target price pricearrow_forwardYou ran a regression of the excess return on Walmart's stock on the excess return on the market. You found the following: alpha=1.5%, beta-2.818, R^2=0.623. If Walmart's total volatility was 0.310 in that same period, what must have been the markets volatility in that same period.arrow_forwardIf you look at stock prices over any year, you will find a high and low stock price for the year. Instead of a single benchmark PE ratio, we now have a high and low PE ratio for each year. We can use these ratios to calculate a high and a low stock price for the next year. Suppose we have the following information on a particular company: High price Low price EPS Year 1 $89.09 70.61 6.58 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 2 $103.03 84.91 9.00 High PE Earnings are projected to grow at 8 percent over the next year. What are the high and low PE ratios for each year? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answers to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) Year 3 $124.81 77.87 8.66 Low PE Year 4 $136.36 112.34 10.25arrow_forward
- Using the data in the table:, a. What was the average annual return of Microsoft stock from 2005-2017? b. What was the annual volatility for Microsoft stock from 2005-2017? a. What was the average annual return of Microsoft stock from 2005-2017? The average annual return is %. (Round to two decimal places.) Data table (Click on the following icon in order to copy its contents into a spreadsheet.) Realized Return for the S&P 500, Microsoft, and Treasury Bills, 2005-2017 S&P 500 Realized Return Microsoft Realized Return Dividends Paid* Year End 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 S&P 500 Index 1211.92 1248.29 3.00% 4.80% 1418.30 1468.36 903.25 4.70% 1.50% 0.10% 0.10% 1115.10 1257.64 1257.61 0.00% 1426.19 0.10% 1848.36 0.00% 0.00% 2058.90 2043.94 0.00% 0.20% 2238.83 2673.61 0.80% *Total dividends paid by the 500 stocks in the portfolio, based on the number of shares of each stock in the index, adjusted until the end of the year, assuming they were…arrow_forward1.) Given this return data, the average realized return on Happy Dog Soap Inc.’s stock is _______ . 2.) The preceding data series represents a sample of Happy Dog’s historical returns. Based on this conclusion, the standard deviation of Happy Dog’s historical returns is _______ . 3.) If investors expect the average realized return on Happy Dog Soap Inc.’s stock from 2016 to 2020 to continue into the future, its expected coefficient of variation (CV) is expected to equal _______ .arrow_forwardIf you look at stock prices over any year, you will find a high and low stock price for the year. Instead of a single benchmark PE ratio, we now have a high and low PE ratio for each year. We can use these ratios to calculate a high and a low stock price for the next year. Suppose we have the following information on a particular company: High price. Low price EPS Year 1 $ 86.77 69.09 6.50 Year 2 Year 3 $97.67 $118.97 81.47 8.92 82.11 8.58 Year 4 $130.84 108.02 10.17 Earnings are expected to grow at 8 percent over the next year. a. What is the high target stock price over the next year? Note: Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16. b. What is the low target stock price over the next year? Note: Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16. > Answer is complete but not entirely correct. a. High target price $ 136.23 b. Low target price $ 101.58arrow_forward
- If you look at stock prices over any year, you will find a high and low stock price for the year. Instead of a single benchmark PE ratio, we now have a high and low PE ratio for each year. We can use these ratios to calculate a high and a low stock price for the next year. Suppose we have the following information on a particular company over the past four years: Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 High price $ 99.70 $ 123.30 $ 132.70 $ 149.33 Low price 74.53 90.64 71.32 117.85 EPS 8.98 10.73 11.81 13.20 Earnings are projected to grow at 9 percent over the next year. a. What is your high target stock price over the next year? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) b. What is your low target stock price over the next year? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)arrow_forwardReturns earned over a given time period are called realized returns. Historical data on realized returns is often used to estimate future results. Analysts across companies use realized stock returns to estimate the risk of a stock. Five years of realized returns for Celestial Crane Cosmetics Inc. (Crane Cosmetics) are given in the following table: 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Stock return 23.75% 16.15% 28.50% 39.90% 12.35% Also note that: 1. While Crane Cosmetics was started 40 years ago, its common stock has been publicly traded for the past 25 years. 2. The returns on Crane Cosmetics's equity are calculated as arithmetic returns. Given this return data, the average realized return on Celestial Crane Cosmetics Inc.’s stock is . The preceding data series represents of Crane Cosmetics’s historical returns. Based on this conclusion, the standard deviation of Crane Cosmetics’s historical returns is . If investors expect the…arrow_forward1.) Given this return data, the average realized return on Blue Llama Mining Inc.’s stock is _______ . 2.) The preceding data series represents a sample of Blue Llama’s historical returns. Based on this conclusion, the standard deviation of Blue Llama’s historical returns is _______ . 3.) If investors expect the average realized return on Blue Llama Mining Inc.’s stock from 2016 to 2020 to continue into the future, its expected coefficient of variation (CV) is expected to equal _______ .arrow_forward
- A security analyst has regressed the monthly returns on Exxon Mobil equity shares over the past five years against those on the Standard & Poor's 500 stock index over the same period. The resulting regression equation is rEM = 0.08 + 1.44 rSP. Use this equation to estimate Exxon Mobil's equity beta.arrow_forwardYou want to check if GRBH stock is fairly priced in the markets by using the fundamental analysis. For this purpose, you have gathered the following information: GRBH pays dividends once a year and the next dividend payment is expected to be made in one year. You project the EPS of the first and second year to be $5 and $7 respectively. The company dividend payout ratio is stable at 0.2. At the end of the second year, you assume that the company would become the average company in the industry. The industry average PE ratio is 8. You believe that the appropriate required rate of return on GRBH stock is 10% (CCR per annum). And the current market price of GRBH stock is $45. ind the present value of GRBH stock based on the information above. Is the stock over- or under-priced?arrow_forwardYou want to check if GRBH stock is fairly priced in the markets by using the fundamental analysis. For this purpose, you have gathered the following information: GRBH pays dividends once a year and the next dividend payment is expected to be made in one year. You project the EPS of the first and second year to be $5 and $7 respectively. The company dividend payout ratio is stable at 0.2. At the end of the second year, you assume that the company would become the average company in the industry. The industry average PE ratio is 8. You believe that the appropriate required rate of return on GRBH stock is 10% (CCR per annum). And the current market price of GRBH stock is $45 Find the alpha ( Expected abnormal rate of return, c ) assuming the mispriced figure would be corrected in a year.arrow_forward
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