Week 5 - Discussion

One really important concept to understand in finance is the difference between simple and compounded interest. This simply concept has many ramifications for how we value different projects including how we discount a project’s cash flows or how we value companies. Provide an example that highlights and amplifies the difference between simple and compound interest.

Lower rates of interest means higher levels of loans, and therefore, higher level of investment in real capital equipment. With more capital we would expect an economy to be more productive and to have higher levels or real income and economic growth.  Critically analyse this statement by connecting it with the financial intermediaries and how viral they are to a well-functioning financial system.

The market for capital Firms require capital to invest in productive opportunities. The best firms with the most profitable opportunities can attract capital away from inefficient firms with less profitable opportunities. Investors supply firms with capital at a cost called the interest rate. The interest rate that investors require is determined by several factors, including the availability of production opportunities, the time preference for current consumption, risk, and inflation. Suppose the Federal Reserve (the Fed) decides to tighten credit by contracting the money supply. Use the following graph by moving the black X to show what happens to the equilibrium level of borrowing and the new equilibrium interest rate. Q1. Which tend to be more volatile, short- or long-term interest rates? Long-term interest rates      2. Short-term interest rates Q2. If the inflation rate was 3.20% and the nominal interest rate was 4.20% over the last year, what was the real rate of interest over…

Firms require capital to invest in productive opportunities. The best firms with the most profitable opportunities can attract capital away from inefficient firms with less profitable opportunities. Investors supply firms with capital at a cost called the interest rate. The interest rate that investors require is determined by several factors, including the availability of production opportunities, the time preference for current consumption, risk, and inflation. Suppose the Federal Reserve (the Fed) decides to tighten credit by contracting the money supply. Use the following graph by moving the black X to show what happens to the equilibrium level of borrowing and the new equilibrium interest rate. S2 S1 16 D Equilibrium INTEREST RATE, r (Percent)

Which of the following statements are incorrect regarding how much debt a company should borrow? Choose all that apply. Question 9 options: A As long as the company can generate higher returns on its new projects than its borrowing interest rate, borrowing more debt will enhance the company's ROE. B Borrowing more debt will increase a company's distress level. C The bigger the company, the more it should borrow D Debt is considered a more expensive capital source.

An analyst at a company notes that its cost of debt is far below that of equity. He concludes that it is important for the firm to maintain the ability to increase its borrowing because if it cannot borrow, it will be forced to use more expensive equity to finance some projects. This might lead it to reject some projects that would have seemed attractive if evaluated at the lower cost of debt.    How do you balance the amount of equity and debt? Explain the significance of maintaining the ability to increase borrowing capacity for a company with a lower cost of debt compared to equity. How does this impact project evaluation and investment decisions, and what role does the concept of cost of capital play in such considerations?

Allied uses debt in its capital structure, so some of the money used to finance the project will be debt. Given this fact, should the projected cash flows be revised to show projected interest charges? Explain

The cost of capital is: the required rate of return for new projects that have risk that is similar to that of the overall firm. the rate of return a firm earns on its investments to satisfy the required rate of return for the firm’s investors. the opportunity cost of using funds on projects. all of the above.

Why use short-term financing? Cash flows from operations may not be sufficient for a firm to keep up with growth-related financing needs, or the firm may not be able to always generate enough cash flow to maintain a surplus of cash. Firms prefer to borrow now to fulfill their capital requirements through means of short-term financing or long-term financing. Both methods have their advantages and disadvantages. The following statement identifies a possible characteristic of short-term financing.   A. Consider this case: Short-term credit agreements are more restrictive than long-term credit agreements.   Identify whether the preceding statement is true or false. This statement is false.   This statement is true.     B. Firms use a variety of short-term financing sources to support working capital. Use the descriptions in the following table to identify the short-term financing source. Description Short-Term Financing Source Continually recurring…

Companies borrow from various institutions in the capital market to finance their businesses for short and long term periods. The concept of a weighted cost of capital may be new to some of you, but if you were a financial manager why would the weighted cost of capital be important to you as you examine the cost of borrowing on behalf of your firm? Why or why not?

Understanding the impact of debt in the capital structure Suppose you are conducting a workshop on capital structure decisions and you want to highlight certain key issues related to capital structure. Your assistant has made a list of points for your session, but he thinks he might have made some mistakes. Review the Ilist and identify which items are correct. Check all that apply. Workshop Talking Points An increase in debt financing beyond a certain point is likely to increase the firm's cost of equity. An increase in debt financing decreases the risk of bankruptcy. An increase in the risk of bankruptcy is likely to reduce a firm's free cash flows in the future. Risks of bankruptcy increase management spending on perquisites and increase agency costs. The pretax cost of debt increases as a firm's risk of bankruptcy increases.

The supply and demand for loans will increase when capital becomes more productive.   Select one: True False

How would rising interest rates, that increase the weighted average cost of capital  (WACC) impact business valuations?  Would this change if the company being valued was going to receive revenue from the government spending?

If you as a business owner know that your bank will provide financing for a project and that the cash generated from the project must cover the loan payments, would you then have to include financing in your capital budgeting decision? Why or why not?

3. I need help with multiple choice finance home work question Which of the following statements is incorrect? If a firm's target average accounting return is less than that calculated for a given project then the project should be accepted.   If the NPV of a project is positive, it should be accepted.   If a project has a payback which is faster than the company requires the project should be accepted.   If the cost of capital is greater than the IRR, the project should be accepted.   If a project has a profitability index greater than one the project should be accepted.

With respect to issues related to the cost of capital: Multiple Choice an increase in the debt ratio will result in greater risk for debt holders but not equity holders. the cost of capital is the return a firm must earn before tax to satisfy security holders. the WACC is the correct discount rate for average-risk projects. the expected return on equity is relevant to capital budgeting decisions.

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Discussion

Do you think some investors may take advantage of the interest rate reduction, despite economic uncertainties?

Stricter capital regulations such as the RBNZ’s recent increases in capital ratios will ensure that banks are more safe and the financial system is more able to withstand major adverse shocks. Is it true? Please explain. Thanks!

Explain why very small to medium-size enterprises (SMEs) might face problems in obtaining appropriate sources of finance. In your answer pay particular attention to problems and issues associated with: Uncertainty concerning the business; Assets available to offer as collateral or security; and Potential sources of finance for very new SMEs excluding sources from capital markets. I need a detailed response to this question.

See below for some statements on how financial managers can create value for their firms. Which of the following statement(s) is (are) TRUE? Select one or more alternatives: If capital markets are inefficient at times, financial managers could create value through financing decisions. Capital markets are less efficient than goods markets; this is why the primary source of creating value is through clever financing decisions. Managers can create value for a firm's stakeholders through improving its ESG performance. The "ESG" in ESG investing stands for environmental, social and governance. Managers can create value for a firm's stakeholders through improving its ESG performance. The "ESG" in ESG investing stands for environmental, sustainability and governance.

Now that Hurd has more specifically located the source of the economic exposure, Unit B, it is considering ways to hedge this exposure. Since Unit B finances some of its operations, one idea being considered by Hurd management is a change the financial structure of Unit B to a mix of financing in dollars and financing in pounds. Note: Assume the interest rate on pounds is approximately equal to the interest rate on dollars. Career Success Tips ates, Unit B will need revenue of Unit B. TOTAL SCORE: 2/3 more fewer dollars for loan payments, which would partially offset the effect of this appreciation on the Grade Final Step