Saddambek Final Exam December 14, 2023
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William Paterson University *
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December 14, 2023
Final Exam
You will have 90 minutes to complete
The exam is open book/source
Each question is worth 4 points
1.
Describe the difference between tactical and strategic asset allocation
Strategic asset allocation is a long-term, passive approach aimed at achieving
consistent returns over time, while tactical asset allocation involves more active
management and shorter-term adjustments to capitalize on market opportunities.
2.
What is the difference between a primary market and secondary market?
The primary market is where new securities are issued and sold for the first time,
facilitating capital formation for companies. The secondary market is where
existing securities are traded among investors, providing liquidity, and enabling
price discovery for those securities.
3.
What is an Investment Policy Statement (IPS)?
An Investment Policy Statement (IPS) is a document that outlines the
guidelines, objectives, and strategies that an individual investor, institution,
or investment advisor will follow when making investment decisions. The
purpose of an IPS is to provide a clear and comprehensive framework for
managing investments, ensuring that the investment strategy aligns with
the investor's or institution's goals, risk tolerance, and time horizon.
4.
What is the geometric mean of the following returns?
4%, 8%, 10%, -3%, 0, -5%
((1+0.04)×(1+0.08)×(1+0.10)×(1−0.03)×(1+0)×(1−0.05))
1/6
−1
(1.04×1.08×1.10×0.97×1×0.95)
1/6
−1
(0.9969277)
1/6
−1
≈0.01633
5.
Writing an option is the same as selling an option
True
False
6.
What are the three components of VAR-what does it describe?
Value at Risk (VaR) describes the potential loss on an investment or portfolio over
a specified time horizon with a certain level of confidence. The three key
components, namely time horizon, confidence level, and potential loss amount,
provide a quantitative measure of financial risk for risk management purposes.
7.
What does the CAPM model determine?
The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) is a financial model that is used to
calculate the expected return on an investment, especially an individual stock
or a portfolio of stocks.
8.
Liquidity risk can be described as
Liquidity risk refers to the potential difficulty of buying or selling an asset in
the market without causing a significant impact on its price. It is the risk
that an investor may not be able to execute a trade promptly at a desired
price due to a lack of market participants willing to buy or sell the asset.
9.
Arbitrage is
a.
Riskless profits
b.
Any profits
c.
Levered profits
d.
None of the above
10. What are three examples of Factors in APT model?
Interest Rate Changes
Economic Indicators: GDP, CPI etc…
Market Risk (Market Index Returns): S&P 500
11.In order to determine the riskiness of a 2-asset portfolio, what three inputs
are needed?
Individual Asset Historical Returns
Individual Asset Standard Deviations (or Variances)
Correlation Coefficient Between Assets
12. Name three types of orders
Market Order
Limit Order
Stop Order (Stop-Loss Order or Stop-Buy Order)
13. If a market maker shows a price of 37/35 then
a.
The market maker buys at 35
b.
The market maker sells at 37
c.
The market maker has made a mistake or is an idiot
d.
None of the above
14. What is the difference between a dirty price and a clean price?
The key difference is that the clean price excludes accrued interest, while the dirty
price includes it. The clean price is the base price used for quoting and trading,
while the dirty price provides the actual cost that the buyer pays.
15. Name 4 important bond dates
Issue Date
Maturity Date
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Interest Payment Date
Record Date
16.
Everything else bring the same, what would have a higher modified
duration – a 3 year fixed coupon note or a 3 year floating coupon note?
Everything else being equal, the fixed coupon note is likely to have a higher
modified duration compared to a floating coupon note with the same time to
maturity.
17.
What would be the return on a 3 month $1 million t-bill if the YTM is 6.0%
and the bill is held for the entire 3 months?
Remember to use day counts
and the 3 month time period vs the annual yield number
Interest= ($1,000,000 × 0.06 × 90 / 365)
Interest≈$14,794.52
HPR = 14,794.52 / 1,000,000 = 0.0148 = 1.48%
18.
How is SOFR determined?
Transaction Data Collection:
The New York Fed collects data on overnight
repurchase agreement (repo) transactions from a broad set of market
participants, including banks, broker-dealers, and other financial institutions.
19. In addition to SOFR, what is another reference rate?
LIBOR
Fed Funds Rate
20. If a 1 year zero coupon bond had a price of 92.35, what is its yield at one
year?
YTM:
-7.65%
21.
What does convexity measure?
Convexity measures the curvature of the price-yield relationship for fixed-income
securities and provides valuable information for managing interest rate risk in
bond portfolios.
22. What is the expected return of the following scenario?
1.
Probability of event
.20
Expected return
.12
0.20 x 0.12 = 0.024 = 2.4%
2.
Probability of event
.30
Expected return
.10
0.30 x 0.10 = 0.03 = 3%
3.
Probability of event
.35
Expected return
.05
0.35 x 0.05 = 0.0175 = 1.75%
4.
Probability of event
.15
Expected return
.01
0.15 x 0.01 = 0.0015 = 0.15%
23.
If a 3 year note has a price of 102 and an annual coupon of 2%, what is its
YTM?
$4 or 4%
24.
If a 10 year note has a YTM of 5.25% and an annual coupon of 4%, what is
the price?
F: $1000
YTM: 5.25%
C: 4%
N: 10 years
P= $975
25.
Name 3 types of risks of fixed income
Interest Rate Risk
Inflation Risk
Credit Risk (Default)
Bonus (3 points): Who uses the fed funds rate and for what reason?
It is the interest rate at which depository institutions (such as banks) lend reserve
balances to each other overnight. Commercial banks and other financial
institutions use the fed funds rate as a benchmark for setting interest rates on
various financial products, including loans and deposit accounts. Investors, for
example, a lower fed funds rate may lead to lower yields on fixed-income
securities, influencing investment decisions. Additionally, changes in the fed funds
rate can affect the valuation of stocks and other financial assets. Currency
Markets, Global Central Banks.
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Related Documents
Related Questions
use attachment to answer question
This question relates to Diagram 1 from the Quiz 9.4 diagrams, which shows the Security Market Line.
What is the expected return on the market?
Select one:
a.
20%
b.
10%
c.
15%
d.
5%
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use attachment to answer questions
This question relates to Diagram 1 from the 9.4 diagrams, which shows the Security Market Line.
What is the expected return on the market?
Select one:
a.
20%
b.
10%
c.
15%
d.
5%
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QUESTION 5
Exhibit 6.15
USE THE INFORMATION BELOW FOR THE FOLLOWING PROBLEM(S)
Asset (A)
Asset (B)
E(RA) = 14%
E(RB) = 16%
(σA) = 13%
(σB) = 18%
WA = 0.4
WB = 0.6
COVA,B = 0.0024
Refer to Exhibit 6.15. What is the expected return of a portfolio of two risky assets if the expected return E(Ri), standard deviation ( σ i ), covariance (COVi,j), and asset weight (Wi) are as shown above?
a.
15.2%
b.
13.8%
c.
16.8%
d.
14.6%
e.
15.0%
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Question 2 You must choose between two investments, X and Y . The profitability index (PI), net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR) of the two investments are as follows: Criteria Investment X Investment Y NPV R44 000 −R22 000 PI 1,945 0,071 IRR 16,00% 8,04% Which investment(s) should you choose, taking all the above criteria into consideration, if the cost of capital is equal to 12% per year? [1] X [2] Y [3] Both X and Y [4] Neither X nor Y [5] Too little information to make a decision 17 DSC1630
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Q3a
Please assist to answer Q3a in detail write up
arrow_forward
4. Suppose that we can describe the world using two states and that two assets are
available, asset K and asset L. We assume the assets' future prices have the
following distributions:
arrow_forward
Question content area top
Part 1
(Capital asset pricing model) Anita, Inc. is considering the following investments. The current rate on Treasury bills is
7
percent, and the expected return for the market is
12.5
percent. Using the CAPM, what rates of return should Anita require for each individual security?
Stock
Beta
H
0.71
T
1.62
P
0.89
W
1.37
(Click
on the icon
in order to copy its contents into a
spreadsheet.)
Question content area bottom
Part 1
a. The expected rate of return for security H, which has a beta of
0.71,
is
enter your response here%.
(Round to two decimal places.)
Part 2
b. The expected rate of return for security T, which has a beta of
1.62,
is
enter your response here%.
(Round to two decimal places.)
Part 3
c. The expected rate of return for security P, which has a beta of
0.89,
is
enter your response here%.
(Round to two decimal places.)
Part 4
d. The expected rate of return for…
arrow_forward
Only typed answer and give fast answer
arrow_forward
Which asset in the following table has the most market risk (also known as systematic or non- diversifiable risk)? Asset Return Beta Standard Deviation Asset A 11% 0.95 35% Asset B 13% 1.00 35% Asset C 9% 1.20 30% 1.) Asset C 2.) All three Assets 3.) Asset B 4.) Asset A and Asset B 5.) Asset A
arrow_forward
Current Attempt in Progress
Describe how investing in more than one asset can reduce risk through diversification.
B
I U T₂ T² T
=
=
||
E
arrow_forward
Question 3
Assume you are given the following information regarding the expected returns for an asset, for different states of the economy. Show work for all parts requiring computation.
state. probability expected return
Recession 0.1 -0.04
normal 0.5 0.07
expansion 0.4 0.12
What is the expected return for the asset?
What is the standard deviation of returns for the asset?
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Question 5
In class, we discussed the CAPM model and its implications. What is the market portfolio? What assets does the model price? Is the S&P 500 a good proxy for the market portfolio, and if not, why? Please elaborate.
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