FIN550_V-III_homework_capital_budgeting

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Running head: CAPITAL BUDGETING 1 V-III Homework: Capital Budgeting Shannon D. Burns FIN 550: Corporate Financial Management Southern University of New Hampshire December 27, 2020
FIN550 – V-III Homework: Capital Budgeting 2 The director of capital budgeting at Brittle Company wants an analysis of two proposed capital investments: Project X and Project Y. Both projects have a cost of $10,000 with a cost of capital of 12%. The main difference between the two projects is the expected net cash flows from year 1 to year 4. Based on the information given, the financial measure Net Present Value (“NPV”), Internal Rate of Return (“IRR”), and the Modified Internal Rate of Return (“MIRR”) will be used to explore the economic feasibility of both Project X and Project Y. First, we will find the net present value for each project. Net present value helps determine the profitability of a project by taking the difference between the present value of cash inflows and the present value of cash outflows over time (Kenton, 2020). As stated, both projects have an initial investment of $10,000. The using all three financial measure methods the first one to be used is the Net Present Value method (“NPV”). NPV is represents the “present value of the project’s expected future cash-flows, discounted at the appropriate cost of capital.” (Ehrhardt & Brigham, 2017) NVP i s used to determine the current value of all future cash-flows generated by a project, including the initial capital investment. (Jagerson, 2020) NPV = R t ( 1 + i ) t Net Present Value (“NVP”) is the sum between each expected net cash-flow is calculated, and the investment is subtracted. NPV is the difference between the initial investment made in the project and the present value of future cash flows being discounted at the required rate of return on investment. For the first Project Y there is a NPV of $966, and while the second Project X has an NPV of $631. Now, we are tasked in finding the Internal Rate of Return, (“IRR”) for each project. The Internal Rate of Return is another financial measure technique, is the discount rate that equates
FIN550 – V-III Homework: Capital Budgeting 3 the present value of the expected future cash inflows and outflows. The IRR is the annual rate of growth an investment is expected to generate. “The IRR is calculated using the same concept as NPV, except NPV is equal to zero. 0 = NPV = t = 1 T C t ( 1 + IRR ) t C 0 where: Ct = Net cash inflow during the period  C 0 = Total initial investment costs IRR = The internal rate of return t = The number of time periods (Fernando, 2020) The first project, Project X has a higher IRR at 18%, while the second project, Project X has a lower IRR at 15%. Lastly, we now move to the last task of finding the Modified Internal Rate of Return, (MIRR) for each project. The Modified Internal Rate of Return “allows project managers to change the assumed rate of reinvested growth from stage to stage in a project.” (Hayes, 2020) MIRR = n FV ( Positive cashflow ×Cost of capital ) PV ( Initial outlays×FInancing cost ) 1 where: FVCF(c) = the future value of positive cash flows at the cost of capital for the company PVCF(fc) = the present value of negative cash flows at the financing cost of the company n = number of periods MIRR assumes that flows from all projects are reinvested at the cost of capital not at the project’s own IRR, and therefore making the MIRR a better indicator of projects true profitability. (Ehrhardt & Brigham, 2017) Project X has a MIRR of 15%, and Project Y has a MIRR of 14%. After completing the financial investment analysis, we will use the Profitability
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FIN550 – V-III Homework: Capital Budgeting 4 Index (“PI”) to see which project will add more value. The Profitability Index (PI) measures the ratio between the present value of future cash flows and the initial investment. Profitability Index = Present value offuturecashflow Initialinvestment If the PI is greater than 1, the project should generate value. (Corporate Finance Institute, 2020) The PI rule is a variation of the net present value (“NPV”) rule, therefore when the NPV is positive the Profitability Index will be greater than one. (Chen, 2020) “The higher the profitability index, the more attractive the investment.” (Corporate Finance Institute, 2020) The profitability index for Project X is found to be 1.097 while for Project Y 1.063. Note: The Profitability Index (“PI”) differs from NPV as it is a “ ratio , it provides no indication of the size of the actual cash flow.” (Chen, 2020) Likewise, in an Internal Rate of Return analysis the discount rate used oversimplifies the calculation process, for every project will not have the same cashflows or similar risk built in them. (Capital Budgeting Techniques, 2020) “Because of the limitation born into a one single rate discount analysis, an IRR analysis will give a vague representation, for the IRR will not reflect the changing discount rates, or projects with multiple mixture of positive as well as negative cash flows. The Net Present Value technique will have more reliable results due to its versatility. Net Profit Value will reveal precisely how profitable a project will be in comparison to alternatives. (Chen, 2020) If a project has a positive NPV the project ought to move forward. Chen, 2020) If several positive NPV options are being weighed then the one with higher discounted values should be accepted. (Chen, 2020) Therefore, Project X should be accepted.
FIN550 – V-III Homework: Capital Budgeting 5 References Capital Budgeting Techniques. (2020). NPV vs IRR. Retrieved December 3rd, 2020, from: capitalbudgetingtechniques.com, https://www.capitalbudgetingtechniques.com/npv-vs-irr/. CFI Education Inc. (2020). Profitability Index, The ratio between the present value of future cash flows to the initial investment? Vancouver, BC CFI Education Inc. Retrieved December 3rd, 2020, from: corporatefinanceinstitute.com, https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/knowledge/finance/ capital-structure-overview/. Chen, J. (2020). Profitability Index (PI) Rule. New York, NY. Dotdash publishing. Retrieved December 30, 2020, from: Investopedia.com, https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/profitability-index-rule.asp. Ehrhart & Brigham (2017). Stock and Options. In, Corporate Finance. A Focused Approach (8 th Ed.) Boston, MA, United States: Cengage Learning. Fernando, J. (2020). Internal Rate of Return (IRR). New York, NY. Dotdash publishing. Retrieved December 29, 2020, from: Investopedia.com, https://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/irr.asp#:~:text=IRR%20is %20the%20annual%20rate,of%20annual%20return%20over%20time. Hayes, A. (2020). Modified Internal Rate of Return (MIRR). New York, NY. Dotdash publishing. Retrieved December 27, 2020, from: Investopedia.com,
FIN550 – V-III Homework: Capital Budgeting 6 https://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/mirr.asp#:~:text=The %20Difference%20Between%20MIRR%20and%20IRR&text=The %20modified%20internal%20rate%20of%20return%20(MIRR) %20compensates%20for%20this,an%20inverted%20compounding %20growth%20rate. Jagerson, A., J. (2020). What Is the Formula for Calculating Net Present Value (NPV)? New York, NY. Dotdash publishing. Retrieved December 27, 2020, from: Investopedia.com, https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/032615/what-formula- calculating-net-present-value-npv.asp.
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