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Subject
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Date
Nov 24, 2024
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Uploaded by PrivateMole5814
Pertemuan 19
–
20
Cost of Capital (Biaya Modal).
Soal 1:
Diskusikan
arti dan maksud kata-kata di bawah ini:
a.
Cost of debt.
b.
Cost of preferred stock.
c.
Cost common stock.
d.
Cost of retained eraning.
Soal 2.
Diskusikan juga masalah yang terdjadi:
a.
Marginal Cos of Capital (MCC)
b.
Beda MCC dengan WACC.
c.
Kenapa begitu penting IOS hubngannya dengan MCC/WACC?
d.
Apakah yang dimaksud
Break Point Retained Earning dan Break
Point Debt.?
Soal 3:
The Packer Coy dengan struktur modal yang sudah dipertimbangkan
sudah optimal berikut ini :
Hutang
25%
Saham Preferen
15%
Saham Biasa
60%
Jumlah
100%
Perusahaan mengharapkan keuntungan bersih $ 17.142.860. tahun ini.
Divdiend Payout Ratio sebesar 30%, tax rate 40% dan para investor
mengharapkan pendapatan
dan dividen bertumbuh 10% dimasa
mendatang. Tahun lalu perusahaan membayar
dividen sebesar $ 40
per lembar saham dan sahamnya saat ini laku dijual dengan harga $ 70
per lembar Suku bunga bebas resiko
sebesar 12% dan suatu saham
rata-rata memberikan rate of return yang diharapkan perusahaan
sebesar 15%. Beta saham perusahaan adalah 1,60. Persyaratan ini
berlaku untuk penawaran
sekuritas baru. Data lainnya adalah:
a.
Saham biasa: Bila diadakan emisi saham baru maka flotation
costnya
sebesar 10%.
b.
Saham preferen: Biala saham ini dijual
ke publik dengan harga $
60 pe rlembar dengan dividen $ 15. Flotation costnya sebesar $ 8
lembar.
c.
Hutang dapat
dijual
dengan membayar bunga sebesar 14%.
Diminta :
a.
Hitunglah kompenen
cost of capital (COC) dari hutang, biaya
saham biasa, biaya laba ditahan
dan emisi saham baru.
b.
Berapakah modal
baru
yang dapat diperoleh oleh
The Packer coy
dengan harus menjual modal sendiri (Equity) baru ? Dengan kata
lain, carilah laba yang ditahan atau Retaining Earning Break Point.
c.
Berapa WACC ketika perusahaan ini memenui kebutuhan
aln
Ekuitasnya
dengan laba yang ditahan ? Bagaimana dengan emisi
saham baru.
d.
Gambarkanlah skedule MCC perusahaan ini.
e.
Asumsikan perusahaan meramalkan
bahwa beban depresiasi
untuk priode yang direncanakan sebesar $ 10.000. Apakah hal ini
mempengaruhi
skecul MCC ?
Soal 4:
Alan Land Coy mendapagt suatu proyek investasi dengan dana
sebesar$ 1.800.000. Dana yang tersedia dari perusahaan sebesar $
400.000 yang merupakan modal kerja (working capital).
Sisanya
dengan modal tetap dengan nilai residu $ 200.000,estimate life 5
tahun. Proyeksi penjualan selama 5 tahun adalah berikut ini:
Tahun 1
Tahun 2
Tahun 3
Tahun 4
Tahun 5
$
900.000
1.000.000
1.100.000
700.000
400.000
Struktur biaya proyek investasi ini adalah biaya variabel 40%. Biaya
tetap
tunai
(cash
fixed
cost)
selain
depresiasi
sebesar
$
60.000.000/tahun. Pajak ditetapkan 40%. Kebutuhan dana untuk
investasi ini
terdiri dari
dari beberapa sumber dana dengan
komposisi
dan karakteristik berikut ini:
a.
Mengeluarkan Obligasi (Bonds) $ 540 juta dengan face value $
250.000 per lembar, coupon rate 20% per tahun dengan jangka waktu
5 tahun. Obligasi laku dijual dengan harga $ 225.000 lembar.
b.
Saham Preferen $ 360.000.000, yang dijual dengan harga $ 20.000 per
lembar dengan dividen secara tetap sebesar $ 3.000 per lembar. Biaya
emisinya $ 300 per lembar.
c.
Dengan Saham biasa yang laku dijual dengan harga pasar $ 7.500 pe
rlembar sahanm dan dividen sebesar $ 900 per lembar. Laju
pertumbuhan 5%.
Anda diminta untuk menghitung:
a.
Apakah proyek investasi ini feasibel utnuk dilaksanakan. COC
bulatkan keatas.
b.
Hitunglah
biaya modal (COC) secara individu yaitu cost of debt,cost
of preferen stockl, cost of common stock.
c.
Hitunglah WACC dan buatlah grafiknya.
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Soal
5:
PT. Halilintar saat ini memiliki struktur modal berikut ini:
Long term debt
$
2.000.000
Prefrrred Stock
3.000.000
Common stock
5.000.000
Total
$ 10.000.000
Cost of capital masing-masing kompenen modal tersebut diatas sbb:
Long term debt sebesar 8% , belum termasuk tax.
Preferred stock
12%
Common stock
14%
Tax rate
50%
Keuntungan yang diharapkan adalah sebesar $ 400.000, dengan syarat
50% dibayarkan untuk dividen kepada investtor dan sisanya sebagai
laba yang ditahan. Perusahaan ingin
menggunakan laba yang ditahan
tersebut sebagai tambahan modal perusahaan
dengan anggapan tetap
dipertahankan perimbangan komposisi modalnya. Disamping itu tetap
pula mempertahankan average cost of capitalnya.
Diminta :
a.
Hitunglah WACC.
b.
Tambahan modal baru yang maksimal
diperluhkan secara
keseluruhan agar perimbangan
modal baru dan weighted costnya
tetap.
c.
Hitunglah MCC.
d.
Seandainya tambahan dana
melebihi hasil pertanyaan butir a
diatas sebesar $ 200.000, berpakah MCC dengan emisi saham baru
sebesar 10%.
e.
Buatlah grafik , hubungan
antara MCC
dengan jumlah tambahan
dana.
Soal 6:
PT. Marihat mempunyai struktur modal optimum berikut ini:
Utang
45%
Saham Biasa
55%
Total kewajiban dan ekuitas
100%
Untuk tahun mendatang, laba yang diharapkan
setelah pajak $ 5 juta.
DPR 60% sesuai dividen policy. Perusahaan akan meminjam uang
dari bank dengan skedule
sebagai berikut:
Jumlah kredit
Suku bunga
$0
s/d $ 500.000
$ 500.001 s/d $ 900.000
Di atas
$ 900.000
9% atas tambahan
utang ini.
11% atas tambahan utang ini.
13% atas tambahan utang ini.
Tax rate 40%, harga pasar sahamnya saat ini $ 44 per lembar, dividen
yang terakhir
adalah $ 4,40 per saham. Tingkat pertumbuhan
yang
diharapkan oleh investor 5%. Ekuitas eksternal (saham biasa yang
baru) dapat dijual
dengan biaya
emisi 10%. Perusahaan ini
mempunyai peluang investasi untuk tahun mendatang berikut ini:
Proyek
Investment
Arus kas tahunan
Umur proyek
A
B
C
D
E
$ 1.350.000
1.800.000
750.000
1.125.000
1.500.000
$ 310.002
536.968
323.048
370388
254.702
8 tahun
5
3
7
10
Anda diminta untuk menentukan proyek
mana yang harus
dilaksanakan perusahaan . Untuk itu dan jawab laksanakanlah hal-hal
berikut ini :
a.
Berapa jumlah titik patahan( break point) pada skedul MCC ?
b.
Dimana Break point tsb terjadi , dan apa sebabnya ? Jelaskan.
c.
Hitunglah WACC dari modal
pada setiap interval diantara break
point tsb.
d.
Hitunglah nilai IRR untuk proyek A dan
C.
e.
Gambarkan skedul MCC dan IOS.
f.
Proyek mana
yang seharusnya
disetujui/dilaksanakan
oleh
manajemen ?
g.
Asumsikan apa yang yang terjadi dalam situasi
ini tentang Risiko
Proyek ? Jika Anda mengetahui proyek A,B dan C mempunyai
tingkat resiko
di atas rata-rata, tetapi perusahaan
tetap menyetujui
proyek tersebut
seperti pertanyaan butir f, bagaimanakah pengaruh
hal ini
terhadap situasi tersebut ?
h.
Kalau
perusahaan
membayar
60%
dari
labanya
utnuk
dividen(DPR), apa pengaruhnya
terhadap analisis Anda bila DPR
tersebut diubah menjadi
nol, menjadi 100% atau antara nol sampai
100%. ?
Soal 7:
The folowing tabulation
fives earnings per share (EPS) figures for
Mahaham Corp.during the
preceding 10 years. The firm’s common
stock, 140.000 share outstanding, is now selling for $ 40 per share,
adn the expected
dividen for the coming year (2007) is 50% of EPS
for the year. Investors expect past trends to continue, so g may be
based on
the historical earning growth rate:
Year
EPS
Year
EPS
1996
$ 2,00
2001
$ 2,94
1997
1998
1999
2000
2,16
2,33
2,52
2,72
2002
2003
2004
2005
3,14
3,43
3,70
4,00
The curren interest rate on new debt is 8%. The firm’s marginal
federal plus state tax rate is 40%. The firm’s
market value capital
structure, considered, to be optimal, is as follows:
Debt
$
3.000.000
Common stock
7.000.000
Total capital
$
10.000.000
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a.
Calculate the firm’s after tax cost of new debt and common stock
equity, assumming new equity comes only from reinvested cash
flow. Calculate the cost of equity, assumming constant
growth,
that ks = D1/Po + g = ks.
b.
Find the firm’s WACC Company has no new
common stock is
sold.
Soal 8:
Humert Coy
is integrated in measuring its overall cost of capital. The
firm’s in the 40% tax rate. Current investigation has gathered then
following data:
1 ) DEBT
. The firm cas raise an unlimited
amount of debt by selling $
1.000 per value, 10% coupon interest rate, 10 year bonds
on which
annual interest payment will be made. To sell the issue, an average
discount of $ 30 per bond must be given. The firm must aslo pay
flotation costs of $ 20 per bonds
2) Preferred stock
: The firm
can sell 11% (annual dividend) preferred
stock at its $ 100 per share par value. The cost of issuing and selling
the preferred stock
is the expected to be $ 4 per share. An unlimited
amount of preferred stock
can be sold under these terms.
3) Common stock
: The firnm’s
common stock is currently selling for
$ 80 per share. The firm expects to pay cash
dividends of $ 6 per
share next year. The firm’s dividends have been growing at an annual
rate of 6% , and this rate is expected
to continue in the future. The
stock will have to be underpriced by $ 4 per share and flotation costs
are expected to amount to $ 4 per share. The firm can sell
an
unlimited amount of new common stock under these terms.
4) Reatined Earning,
The firm
expects to have $ 225,000 of retained
earnings available in the coming year. Once these retained earning are
exchausted, the firm
will use new common stock as the from of
common stock equity financing.
a.
Calculatethe specific cost of each source of financing ( Round to
the nearest 0,1%).
b.
The firm uses the weight shown in the following table, which are
based on target capital
structure proportions, to calculate its
weighted average cost of capital (Round to the nearest 0,1%).
Source of Capital
Weight
Long term debt
40%
Preferred stock
15
Common on equity
4 5
Total
100%
i.
Calclate the single break point associated with the firm”s
financial situation. This point results from the exhaustion
of the
firm’s retained earnings.
ii.
Calculate the WACC
associated with total new financing
below thje break point calculated part (1).
iii.
Calculate the WACC associated with total
new financing
above the brak point calculated in part (1).
iv.
Using the results of part
b
along
with the information shown
in
the
following
table
on
the
available
investment
opportunities, draw the
firsm’s
WACC
schedule and
investment opportunities (IOS) on the
x axis
and weigted
average cost of capital (WACC)
an IRR on the year axis.
IOS/Project
IRR
Initial Investment
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
11,2%
9,7
12,9
16,5
11,8
10,1
10,5
$ 100.000
500.000
150.000
200.000
450.000
600.000
300.000
v.
Which , if any , of the available investments do you recommend
that the firm accept? Explain
your answer. How much total
new financing is required ?
Soal 9:
Errol Plyn Coy , reported earning
avalable common to stock of $
4,200,.000 last year. From that, the company Paid a dividend of $ 1,26
on each of its 1.000.000 common stock shares outstanding. The
capital structure of the company includes 40% Debt, 10% Preferred
stock and 50% Common stock. It is taxed at arate of 40%.
a.
If the market price
of common stock
is $ 40 per share and
dividens are
expected to grow at a rate of 6% a year
for the
foreseeabl
e future, what is the conmpany’s cost of financing with
retained earning ?
b.
If flotation costs
on new shares on common stock amount to $ 1
per share
, what is the company’s
cost of new
common stock
financing?
c.
The company
can issue $ 2 dividen preferred
stock for a market
price of $ 25 per share. Flotation costs would amount to $ 3 per
share.What is the cost of preferred
stock
financing?
d.
The company
can issue $ 1.000 par , 10%
coupon, 5
–
year bonds
that can be sold for $ 1,200 each. Flotation costs would amount to
$ 25 per bond. Use the estimation formula to figure
the
approximate cost of new debt
financing.
e.
What is the maximum investment that Errol Flyn can make
in new
project before it must issue new common stock
?
f.
What is the WACC for projects with a cost ar or below the amount
calculated
in part
e?
g.
What is the WACC/MCC
for proyects with a cost above the
amount calculated in pari e (assumming that debt across al ranges
remains at the persentage cost calculated in part d ?
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Related Questions
42. For the ratio Return on Capital Employed, which of the following best describes capital employed?
A. Share capital
B. Share capital + reserves
C. Share capital + reserves + long-term capital
D. Share capital + reserves + long-term capital + current liabilities
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6. Calculate and explain the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC)based on the details below.a. Market Value of Equity: $7Mb. Market Value of Debt: $3Mc. Cost of equity 7%d. Cost of debt: 5%e. Tax Rate: 32 (use .32 for calculation)
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Group of answer choices
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B. the rate of return required by investors to incentivize them to invest in a company
C. the weighted average cost of capital
D. equal to the amount of asset turnover
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A-Rod Manufacturing Company is trying to calculate its cost of capital for use in making a capital budgeting decision. Mr. Jeter, the
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The company currently has outstanding a bond with a 10.2 percent coupon rate and another bond with an 7.8 percent rate. The firm
has been informed by its investment banker that bonds of equal risk and credit rating are now selling to yield 11.1 percent. The common
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$ 1.31
T
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1.60
1.76
The preferred stock is selling at $76 per share and pays a dividend of $7.20 per share. The corporate tax rate is 30 percent. The
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1. Definitions (S9.1-S9.3) Define the following terms:
a. Cost of debt.
b. Cost of equity.
c. Company cost of capital.
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Working capital represents the portion
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long term funds. This indicates 1. Net
Working Capital 2. Gross Working
capital
Select one:
O a. 2 is correct
O b. Both 1 and 2 are correct
O c. 1 is correct
O d. Neither of the two are correct
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A.
assets and capital
B.
loans and capital
C.
equity shareholders fund and long term borrowed funds
D.
debentures and share capital
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A firm's overall cost of financing is equal to:
I. Its weighted-average cost of capitalII. The required rate of return of its capital providersIII. The returns being generated by investments
Select one:
A.
I only
B.
I and II only
C.
I and III only
D.
I, II, and III
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investment decision process. These are:
I. liquidity
II. capital gain
III. risk
IV. return or yield
V. time pattern of future cash flows
VI. price and cash flow volatility
A. I, III, IV, V
B. I, II, III, IV
C. I, III, IV, VI
D. II, III, IV, V
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A. $1,642.
B. $1,973.
C. $2,635.
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Group of answer choices
Rd (1-Tc) * D/V + Re * E/V
Weighted Average Cost of Capital
For a firm overall, it is based on the riskiness of the firm's assets
While it is generally estimated by looking at the right-hand-side of the balance sheet, it is largely driven by the left-hand-side (i.e., assets)
It is the amount that equity holders demand for an investment in a firm
It is the amount that debt holders demand for a loan made to the firm
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Determining optimum capital structure is
a.
An investment decision
b.
A financing decision
c.
A dividend decision
d.
liquidity decision
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a) Calculate the weighted average cost of capital using
following information:
Total Cost of debt 4.40%.
= 0.78 •
Income tax rate
Value of total debt = 16,595,600 OMR •
Value of total debt = 6,595,325 OMR •
Cost of equity
%3D
= 9.17% .
b) Why weighted average cost of capital is important
for capital structure decision making?
arrow_forward
A company's cost of capital refers to
Multiple Choice
O
O
the rate management expects to pay on all borrowed and equity funds.
the total cost of a capital project.
cost of printing and registering common stock shares.
the rate of return earned on total assets.
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Answer
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