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Uploaded by CommodoreDanger4748
María Alejandra Matías Toscano
Patrick Etienne Delarbre
Juan Pablo Gordillo Ruvalcaba
Costo de Capital
Laura Melchor Ortíz
19/5/2023
Introducción: Como se ha estudiado, el Costo Promedio Ponderado de Capital (CPPC) es
costos de todas las fuentes de financiamiento provenientes de terceros y de la propia e
aplicación facilita el análisis de la rentabilidad y calcular el valor de la empresa. Para su
existen diferentes acercamientos que utilizan variables endógenas y exógenas de la em
consideran los flujos futuros en forma de dividendos
s el promedio de los
empresa. Su
determinación
mpresa y que
Costo de capital
Comparación de opciones
Instrucciones:
1. Lee las siguientes afirmaciones y coloca "f" o "v", si es falsa o verdadera la afirmación, según sea el caso y justifica tu respuesta.
Datos
a
Beta
1.7
Tasa libre de riesgo
7%
Riegos de mercado
14%
Rentabilidad esperada
19%
a. ¿cuál es la rentabilidad esperada de las acciones de la compañía A y de la compañía B?
b. ¿Cuál es la rentabilidad esperada de una cartera formada por el 60% de las acciones de compañía A y el 40% de la compañía B?
Datos
A
B
Beta
1.5
1
Tasa libre de riesgo
3%
3%
Riegos de mercado
9%
9%
Rentabilidad esperada
12%
9%
Rentabilidad Esperada Pontedaración
Compañia A
12.00%
60%
7.20%
Rendemiento esperado de la cartera
10.80%
Compañia B
9.00%
40%
3.60%
a. Determina la rentabilidad que debería tener cada activo según su sector, utilizando la fórmula del Modelo de Fijación de Precios de Activos de Capital (CAPM).
b. Explica qué representa el valor de la beta en cada activo.
c. Selecciona el tipo de activo para invertir, relacionando el riesgo-rendimiento que presenta. Justifica tu respuesta.
Sector industrial
Sector de consumo
0.9
1.50
7.90%
7.90%
25%
25%
23.29%
33.55%
Rentabilidad Esperada Pontedaración
Compañia A
23.29%
60%
13.97%
Rendemiento esperado de la cartera
27.39%
Compañia B
33.55%
40%
13.42%
Activo 1 -
precio inicial 239.40 - precio final 244.90
2.2974%
Activo 2 -
precio inicial 77.12 - precio final 89.25
15.7287%
6. Calcula el valor de las siguientes acciones del sector salud con el modelo de dividendos descontados. La tasa de retorno esperada por los inversionistas es del 21%.
Acción empresa 1
pago dividendos 1er año $29 y segundo año $32.50, valor residual $180
Acción empresa 2
Pago dividendos 1er año $10 y segundo año $12, valor residual $95
a. Determina si cada acción está sobre o subvaluada en el mercado, considerando que la acción A cotiza en el mercado en $160 y la acción B en $84.
Dividendo
$
29.00
V=
$
169.11
Dividendo
$
10.00
V=
$
81.35
$coti=Residual
$
180.00
Valor teórico=$PO
$coti=Residual
$
95.00
Valor teórico=$PO
Tasa cost cap=WACC
21%
Tasa cost cap=WACC
21%
Vender pues está sobre valorada
Vender pues está sobre valorada
Dividendo
$
32.50
Dividendo
12
$coti=Residual
$
180.00
$coti=Residual
95
Tasa cost cap=WACC
21%
Tasa cost cap=WACC
21%
R1
17.15%
R1
12.29%
b. Recomienda qué acción debería comprar un inversionista. Justifica tu respuesta.
a. Calcula la rentabilidad sobre el patrimonio neto (ROE) de las empresas con la siguiente información:
Empresa A
monto
costo
Empresa B
monto
costo
Deuda bancaria
1,000,000
15%
Deuda bancaria
450,000
19%
Capital propio
5,000,000
10.00%
ROE
Capital propio
10,000,000
2.50%
ROE
Total
6,000,000
Total
10,450,000
500,000
Utilidades de la operación
250,000
Costo del financiamiento
150,000
Costo del financiamiento
85,500
En ninguno de los dos casos conviene porque el ROE debe de ser superior a costo para que sea atractivo para los inversionistas
b. Explica la razón de la rentabilidad obtenida para cada empresa y realiza una recomendación a los socios capitalistas.
Conclusión
El riesgo no sistemático es aquel que se puede reducir mediante la diversificación.
VERDADERO PORQUE ES EL RIESGO DE MERCADO EL QUE NO SE PUEDE CONTROLAR
(
v
)
Los dividendos comunes son pagos que se hacen a los accionistas por su inversión.
LOS VIVIDENDOS SON "PREMIOS" PARA LOS ACCIONISTAS PARA AGRADECER SU CONFIANZA
(
v
)
La fuentes de flujo de caja del accionista es el pago de dividendos.
EL DIVIDENDO SALE DEL EXCEDENTE DE CASH Y EL # DE ACCIONES EN CIRCULACIÓN
(
v
)
Para medir los flujos descontados de efectivo, se utiliza cualquier interés libre de riesgo.
SE USA EL WACC Y LA TASA QUE IMPONEN LOS INVERSIONISTAS
(
f
)
El rendimiento por dividendo representa la diferencia entre el precio de venta de las acciones
( f
)
al momento de la compra y de la venta. FALSO PORQUE ES LA RAZÓN DEL DIVIDENDO CON EL PRECIO TEÓRICO
La plusvalía del capital es el porcentaje del precio inicial del activo.FALSO , YA QUE ESTA ES EL VALOR NO PAGDO DEL TRABAJADOR, LO CUAL CREA UN PLUSPRODUCTO
(
f
)
El rendimiento total es la suma del rendimiento por dividendo de una acción más su índice de
(
v
)
plusvalía. VERDADERO PORQUE ES LA GENERACIÓN DEL DIVIDENDO Y LA PLUSVALÍA
El modelo de descuento de dividendos valora las acciones como el valor actual de los dividendos
(
f )
futuros a pagar. FALSO PORQUE EL MODELO QUE HACE ESO ES EL DE DIVIDENDOS CRECIENTES
El modelo de crecimiento del dividendo constante establece que el valor de una empresa depende
(
f
)
de la suma de sus dividendos. EL VALOR DE LA EMPRESA ES EL # DE ACCIONES POR SU $ PRECIO
2. Determina la rentabilidad esperada para una empresa cuya rentabilidad libre de riesgo es de 7% y que preveé la prima de riesgo del mercado de un 14%, con una
beta de 1.7.
3. Supón que las acciones de la compañía A tienen una beta de 1.5, mientras que las de la compañía B es de 1. Si el tipo de interés libre de riesgo es de 3% y la
rentabilidad esperada de la cartera de valores es del 9%, según el CAPM, responde lo siguiente:
4. Considera dos activos financieros que cotizan en el mismo mercado accionario. El mercado presenta una expectativa de crecimiento del 25%. La primera acción
del sector industrial tiene una beta de 0.9 y la segunda acción del sector productos de consumo frecuente, presenta una beta de 1.5. La tasa libre de riesgo está en
7.90%.
5. Utiliza la fórmula de tasa de crecimiento para obtener el incremento porcentual de dos activos del sector telecomunicaciones que presentan los siguientes
precios al inicio del período y al final:
7. Supón que un conglomerado de empresas cuyos socios capitalistas buscan conocer la rentabilidad sobre el patrimonio neto de las empresas a fin de trasladar
recursos a la opción de mayor retorno.
Utilidades de la
operación
8. Que plantea el modelo de Modelo de Aswath Damodaran y en qué consiste.
Es una metodología que propone el cálculo del Beta de una empresa, que consiste en descomponer el riesgo en
dos componentes: el riesgo específico de la empresa y el riesgo del mercado(riesgo de país). Dichas Betas se
utilizan en el CCPC, que a su vez se relaciona con el CAPM Propuesto por el maestro financiero de UCLA
Aswath Damodaran.
Para calcularlo se necesita el costo del patrimonio, lla Tasa libre de riesgo, la beta y la
lambda
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