ACT Science Section Practice Problems
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Apr 3, 2024
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ACT Science Section Practice Problems:
Problem 1:
An experiment measures the growth rate of plants under different light conditions. Four groups
of plants are exposed to varying amounts of light intensity (measured in lux), and their growth
rates are recorded. The results are shown in the table below:
| Light Intensity (lux) | Growth Rate (mm/day) |
|------------------------|----------------------|
| 100
| 5.2
|
| 500
| 6.8
|
| 1000
| 8.5
|
| 2000
| 9.9
|
What is the approximate average increase in growth rate for every 500 lux increase in light
intensity?
A) 0.8 mm/day
B) 1.3 mm/day
C) 1.7 mm/day
D) 2.1 mm/day
Answer:
To find the average increase in growth rate for every 500 lux increase in light intensity, we can
calculate the difference in growth rate for every 500 lux.
Average increase for every 500 lux = (6.8 - 5.2 + 8.5 - 6.8 + 9.9 - 8.5) / 3
Average increase for every 500 lux ≈ 1.3 mm/day
Therefore, the correct answer is B) 1.3 mm/day.
---
Problem 2:
In an experiment measuring the effect of temperature on enzyme activity, three test tubes are
set up. Each test tube contains the same enzyme solution, but at different temperatures: Test
Tube 1 at 25°C, Test Tube 2 at 35°C, and Test Tube 3 at 45°C. The rate of reaction for each test
tube is measured. The results are as follows:
| Test Tube | Temperature (°C) | Rate of Reaction (units/min) |
|-----------|-------------------|------------------------------|
| 1
| 25
| 10
|
| 2
| 35
| 15
|
| 3
| 45
| 20
|
Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between temperature and
enzyme activity based on the data?
A) As temperature increases, enzyme activity decreases.
B) There is no relationship between temperature and enzyme activity.
C) As temperature increases, enzyme activity remains constant.
D) As temperature increases, enzyme activity increases.
Answer:
From the data provided, we can observe that as temperature increases from 25°C to 45°C, the
rate of reaction also increases.
Therefore, the correct answer is D) As temperature increases, enzyme activity increases.
---
Problem 3:
A study investigates the effect of caffeine consumption on heart rate. Participants are divided
into two groups: Group A, which consumes caffeinated beverages, and Group B, which
consumes decaffeinated beverages. Heart rates are measured before and after consumption.
The results are summarized in the table below:
| Group | Before Consumption (bpm) | After Consumption (bpm) |
|-------|---------------------------|-------------------------|
| A
| 72
| 85
|
| B
| 70
| 75
|
Based on the data, which of the following conclusions is most supported?
A) Caffeine consumption decreases heart rate.
B) Caffeine consumption increases heart rate.
C) Decaffeinated beverages increase heart rate.
D) There is no effect of beverage consumption on heart rate.
Answer:
Comparing the heart rates before and after consumption in Group A, we can see an increase
from 72 bpm to 85 bpm, indicating that caffeine consumption increases heart rate.
Therefore, the correct answer is B) Caffeine consumption increases heart rate.
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