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Article #2 Column A. Paste the APA Source Citation for Article #2 Note taking Column B Find 3-5 pieces of evidence from this article to support your thesis statement. (1.) Use quotation marks around each piece of evidence and (2.) tell the page#, paragraph or section you found it. READING, THINKING & NOTE TAKING Column C (The SOURCE) 1.) Paraphrase the information from Column B. Highlight the nouns and verbs and find as many synonyms as you can for them. 2.) Begin each paragraph* by citing the source and showing the page#, para., or section. THINKING & WRITING Column D (YOU) What is your reaction/opinion to what you wrote in Column C (Don’t use PERSONAL PRONOUNS)? OR How does the information in Column C relate to your thesis or other sources? THINKING & WRITING Feltman, R. (2016, June 17). Scientists spot the oldest oxygen ever found in the universe. Washington Post . https://link.g ale.com/ap ps/doc/A45 5568945/S CIC? u=lano4947 8&sid=book mark- SCIC&xid= dbdf3bf0 1. Oxygen Detection in a Distant Galaxy: Scientists have detected oxygen in a galaxy known as SXDF-NB1006-2, located 13.1 billion light-years away. This discovery is significant because it allows researchers to observe conditions in the universe just 700 million years after the Big Bang, providing insight into the early stages of the cosmos. In the vast expanse of the cosmos, the galaxy SXDF- NB1006-2, situated 13.1 billion light-years away, has astoundingly unveiled the presence of oxygen . This discovery, illuminating the universe just 700 million years post-Big Bang, marks a pivotal moment in our cosmic comprehension. Notably, SXDF-NB1006-2 bears the earliest signs of oxygen, essential elements for life that emerged after initial helium, lithium, and hydrogen. This distant galaxy serves as a prototype for luminous sources driving cosmic reionization , with its oxygen content, albeit only 10% of our sun, and an unexpected scarcity of dust suggesting the existence of massive stars. These findings shed light on the mysterious dark ages of the universe, prompting further The revelation of oxygen in the distant galaxy SXDF-NB1006-2, located 13.1 billion light-years away, is a significant milestone in understanding the cosmos. This discovery, occurring just 700 million years after the Big Bang, unveils crucial elements essential for life, following the initial existence of helium, lithium, and hydrogen. SXDF-NB1006-2, being a prototype for luminous sources involved in cosmic reionization, with its relatively low oxygen content and unexpected dust scarcity, implies the presence of massive stars. These findings not only contribute to our comprehension of early cosmic epochs but also provide valuable insights into the enigmatic dark ages of the universe. The call for further investigations into similar galaxies underscores the ongoing pursuit of deeper cosmic 2. Oxygen Detection in a Distant Galaxy: Scientists have detected oxygen in a galaxy known as SXDF-NB1006-2, located 13.1 billion light-years away. This discovery is significant because it allows researchers to observe conditions in the universe just 700 million years after the Big Bang, providing insight into the early stages of the cosmos. 3. Implications for Cosmic Reionization: The research on galaxy SXDF-NB1006-2 suggests that it could be a

gamma-ray burst, challenges conventional expectations, as such extended bursts are typically associated with the explosive demise of massive stars. The researchers, fueled by these discoveries, now aim to deepen their understanding of neutron star mergers and the colossal explosions they induce, unraveling the intricate processes behind the creation of heavy elements that play a pivotal role in shaping our universe. Space Telescope. The revelation of iodine and thorium in the aftermath, crucial for life on Earth, adds a significant layer to our understanding of kilonovae. The unprecedented duration of the burst challenges conventional expectations, hinting at complexities beyond the typical explosive demise of massive stars. The researchers' commitment to deepening their understanding of neutron star mergers and the resulting colossal explosions underscores the ongoing pursuit of unraveling the intricate processes shaping our universe, aligning with the broader scientific 3. Insights into Neutron Star Mergers: The gamma-ray burst, GRB 230307A, lasting for 200 seconds, is classified as a long-duration burst, an unusual occurrence associated with the explosive death of a massive star. The researchers, utilizing spectroscopic observations from telescopes including NASA's James Webb Space Telescope, aim to delve deeper into the mechanisms of neutron star mergers and the immense explosions they generate, providing crucial insights into the creation of heavy elements and their role in shaping our universe. 4. 5.

6. Reference Source. Go back to the encyclopedia article about your topic you read earlier. You will use some of this as background information in your paper’s INTRODUCTION. You already created a citation for this source. Column A. Paste the APA Source Citation for Reference article. Note Taking Column B Find 3-5 pieces of evidence from this article to support your thesis statement. (1.) Use quotation marks around each piece of evidence and (2.) tell the page#, paragraph or section you found it. READING, THINKING & NOTE TAKING Column C (The SOURCE) 1.) Paraphrase the information from Column B. Highlight the nouns and verbs and find as many synonyms as you can for them. 2.) Begin each paragraph* by citing the source and showing the page#, para., or section. THINKING & WRITING Column D (YOU) What is your reaction/opinion to what you wrote in Column C (Don’t use PERSONAL PRONOUNS)? THINKING & WRITING Gilman, L., & Lerner, K. L. (2021). Big bang theory. In Gale Science Online Collecti on . Gale. https://li nk.gale. com/ap ps/doc/ XIRSII7 798081 08/SCI C? u=lano4 9478&si 1. The Big Bang created all matter, including hydrogen and helium, forming the basic building blocks of the universe. The inception of the cosmos through the Big Bang yielded the genesis of all matter, fabricating fundamental constituents such as hydrogen and helium, fundamental building blocks of the universe. Subsequently, stars underwent explosive events, generating diverse elements, and among them, the elements constituting the human body, excluding hydrogen, originated. Throughout the cosmic evolution, the early universe experienced alterations in x 2. Elements in the human body, except for hydrogen, originated in the explosions of stars billions of years ago. 3. Early universe conditions led to the formation of light elements through temperature changes, highlighting the role of chemistry in the cosmic evolution of elements. 4. 5.

Gilman, L., & Lerner, K. L. (2021). Big bang theory. In Gale Science Online Collection . Gale. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/XIRSII779808108/SCIC?u=lano49478&sid=bookmark- SCIC&xid=fd717283 Find three different current event articles (nothing older than 10 years) from database news or magazine sources about your topic and paste their APA citations in the top portion of each table. I recommend using Science in Context , Global Issues in Context , STEM Database, and EBSCOHost ’s Academic Search Premier, GreenFILE , MasterFile Elite and MasULTRA School Edition . Save your articles in a Google folder so you can quickly retrieve them in the future. Use NoodleTools Express to make sure your citations are correct. LOOK FOR APA. READ your articles. In the second box Write a brief (one sentence) summary for each current event article. What is it about? What did you learn about your topic? Focus on the who, what, when, where, why, and how. Article #1 Citation Feltman, R. (2016, June 17). Scientists spot the oldest oxygen ever found in the universe. Washington Post . https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A455568945/SCIC? u=lano49478&sid=bookmark-SCIC&xid=dbdf3bf0 Brief Summary Oxygen has been detected in a galaxy from long, long ago, and far, far away. 13.1 billion light-years away, to be exact. Article #2 Citation Overbye, D. (2016, November 22). The Cosmos in Focus. New York Times , D1(L). https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A470983068/SCIC?u=lano49478&sid=bookmark- SCIC&xid=c2c25eb9 Brief Summary The James Webb telescope could help solve mysteries about the Big Bang. Article #3 Citation University of Birmingham. (2023, October 25). Massive space explosions are observed creating elements needed for life. ScienceDaily . Retrieved October 30, 2023 from

55689 45/SCI C? u=lano 49478 &sid=b ookma rk- SCIC& xid=db df3bf0 okmark - SCIC& xid=fd7 17283 Big Bang **underscore** the vital role of chemistry in the universe, **highlighting** its indispensable contribution to the existence of life. **Synonyms:** - Galaxy: Celestial body, cosmic entity, stellar system - Spotted: Detected, observed, identified - Harbors: Contains, holds, possesses - Examining: Investigating, scrutinizing, studying - Indicate: Suggest, imply, signal - Underscore: Emphasize, highlight, accentuate - Highlighting: Accentuating, spotlighting, emphasizing 5. *(Paragraph= Main Idea Sentence (MIS) + supporting sentences. The MIS= Source+present tense verb + idea.) No DROPPED QUOTES in your paragraphs.

Article #3 Column A. Paste the APA Source Citation for Article #3 Note taking Column B Find 3-5 pieces of evidence from this article to support your thesis statement. (1.) Use quotation marks around each piece of evidence and (2.) tell the page#, paragraph or section you found it. READING, THINKING & NOTE TAKING Column C (The SOURCE) 1.) Paraphrase the information from Column B. Highlight the nouns and verbs and find as many synonyms as you can for them. 2.) Begin each paragraph* by citing the source and showing the page#, para., or section. THINKING & WRITING Column D (YOU) What is your reaction/opinion to what you wrote in Column C (Don’t use PERSONAL PRONOUNS)? OR How does the information in Column C relate to your thesis or other sources? THINKING & WRITING Univer sity of Birmin gham. (2023, Octobe r 25). Massiv e space explosi ons are observ ed creatin g elemen ts neede d for life. 1. Discovery of Rare Elements: Scientists have observed the creation of rare chemical elements, including tellurium, following the second- brightest gamma-ray burst ever recorded, GRB 230307A. This explosion, resulting from the collision of two neutron stars, was extensively studied using ground and space- based telescopes, revealing insights into the synthesis of heavy elements under such extreme conditions. In a groundbreaking study reported in Nature, scientists have scrutinized the aftermath of the second-brightest gamma-ray burst ever witnessed, GRB 230307A, shedding light on the formation of rare chemical elements such as tellurium. This celestial event, triggered by the convergence of two neutron stars, was meticulously examined using an array of ground and space-based telescopes, including NASA's James Webb Space Telescope. The findings divulge that iodine and thorium, essential for sustaining life on Earth, are likely constituents of the material expelled during the explosion, commonly known as a kilonova. The burst, lasting an unprecedented 200 seconds and categorized as a long-duration The study reported in Nature, delving into the aftermath of the gamma- ray burst GRB 230307A, stands as a groundbreaking exploration into the formation of rare chemical elements, particularly tellurium. This celestial event, originating from the convergence of two neutron stars, was meticulously observed using various telescopes, including NASA's James Webb 2. Elemental Composition of Kilonova: The aftermath of the neutron star merger, known as a kilonova, likely ejected elements such as iodine and thorium, essential for sustaining life on Earth. The study, published in Nature, highlights the rarity and complexity of kilonovae, making the discovery of these heavy elements, especially tellurium, particularly significant for understanding the processes involved in their formation.

gamma-ray burst, challenges conventional expectations, as such extended bursts are typically associated with the explosive demise of massive stars. The researchers, fueled by these discoveries, now aim to deepen their understanding of neutron star mergers and the colossal explosions they induce, unraveling the intricate processes behind the creation of heavy elements that play a pivotal role in shaping our universe. Space Telescope. The revelation of iodine and thorium in the aftermath, crucial for life on Earth, adds a significant layer to our understanding of kilonovae. The unprecedented duration of the burst challenges conventional expectations, hinting at complexities beyond the typical explosive demise of massive stars. The researchers' commitment to deepening their understanding of neutron star mergers and the resulting colossal explosions underscores the ongoing pursuit of unraveling the intricate processes shaping our universe, aligning with the broader scientific 3. Insights into Neutron Star Mergers: The gamma-ray burst, GRB 230307A, lasting for 200 seconds, is classified as a long-duration burst, an unusual occurrence associated with the explosive death of a massive star. The researchers, utilizing spectroscopic observations from telescopes including NASA's James Webb Space Telescope, aim to delve deeper into the mechanisms of neutron star mergers and the immense explosions they generate, providing crucial insights into the creation of heavy elements and their role in shaping our universe. 4. 5.

exploration of cosmic phenomena. *(Paragraph= Main Idea Sentence (MIS) + supporting sentences. The MIS= Source+present tense verb + idea.) No DROPPED QUOTES in your paragraphs. Now you can work on your CONCLUSION Now that you have a clear focus for your paper, you may find that you need more current event articles or books. Please add more tables if necessary by copying and pasting a previous notes table.

5. Conclusion Your conclusion should be at least a paragraph. In the table below, you will see some possible ways to write your conclusion. You can use all four or just one. Take some time and respond to each question. Be detailed in your response. This must be YOUR conclusion to the issue or problem. a. Explain some consequences that could happen if the issue/problem is not resolved? b. What actions should be taken given the information you have presented? c. Restate an important fact or statistic from your paper to show the point of your paper. The central focus of this paper lies in the groundbreaking discovery of oxygen in the remote galaxy SXDF-NB1006-2, positioned 13.1 billion light-years away, providing crucial insights into the early universe merely 700 million years after the Big Bang. This finding underscores the significance of understanding the elemental composition of galaxies in different cosmic epochs, shedding light on the evolution and conditions necessary for the emergence of life-sustaining elements. In conclusion, the exploration of distant galaxies, such as SXDF- NB1006-2, is instrumental in unraveling the mysteries of cosmic evolution and enriching our comprehension of the factors influencing the formation of elements essential for life as we know it. d. Tell how you can develop a product: an experiment, model, or demonstration related to the information you found. Go into detail about our hypothesis, methods, and materials. GO TO REFERENCE SOURCE

6. Reference Source. Go back to the encyclopedia article about your topic you read earlier. You will use some of this as background information in your paper’s INTRODUCTION. You already created a citation for this source. Column A. Paste the APA Source Citation for Reference article. Note Taking Column B Find 3-5 pieces of evidence from this article to support your thesis statement. (1.) Use quotation marks around each piece of evidence and (2.) tell the page#, paragraph or section you found it. READING, THINKING & NOTE TAKING Column C (The SOURCE) 1.) Paraphrase the information from Column B. Highlight the nouns and verbs and find as many synonyms as you can for them. 2.) Begin each paragraph* by citing the source and showing the page#, para., or section. THINKING & WRITING Column D (YOU) What is your reaction/opinion to what you wrote in Column C (Don’t use PERSONAL PRONOUNS)? THINKING & WRITING Gilman, L., & Lerner, K. L. (2021). Big bang theory. In Gale Science Online Collecti on . Gale. https://li nk.gale. com/ap ps/doc/ XIRSII7 798081 08/SCI C? u=lano4 9478&si 1. The Big Bang created all matter, including hydrogen and helium, forming the basic building blocks of the universe. The inception of the cosmos through the Big Bang yielded the genesis of all matter, fabricating fundamental constituents such as hydrogen and helium, fundamental building blocks of the universe. Subsequently, stars underwent explosive events, generating diverse elements, and among them, the elements constituting the human body, excluding hydrogen, originated. Throughout the cosmic evolution, the early universe experienced alterations in x 2. Elements in the human body, except for hydrogen, originated in the explosions of stars billions of years ago. 3. Early universe conditions led to the formation of light elements through temperature changes, highlighting the role of chemistry in the cosmic evolution of elements. 4. 5.

d=book mark- SCIC&x id=fd71 7283 temperature, fostering the formation of light elements through chemical processes, showcasing the vital role of chemistry in the universe's developmental trajectory. *(Paragraph= Main Idea Sentence (MIS) + supporting sentences. The MIS= Source+present tense verb + idea.) No DROPPED QUOTES in your paragraphs. NOW YOU ARE READY TO WRITE YOUR ROUGH DRAFT Annotated BIBLIOGRAPHY (NOT FOR ALL CLASSES; only if assigned by teacher) To complete your annotated bibliography, open this file and make a copy of it. Then follow the directions.

ROUGH DRAFT Your paper should follow the following structure. You can copy and paste the information from your notes tables onto the template linked below. 1. Heading: Name, Teacher, Subject, and Date 2. Title of Paper: Shorten your main idea sentence (i.e. How California can develop a more effective earthquake early warning system. ) 3. Introduction: Use your reference source to give a brief background or explanation of your main topic. Conclude this section with your main idea sentence (thesis statement). This should only be a paragraph, two at the most. 4. Body: Explain how your evidence proves your thesis. Copy and paste what you wrote in COLUMNS C & D in your notes tables onto your rough draft. Organize your rough draft based on your thesis statement. Be sure to add transition words and phrases within and between paragraphs. Use some direct quotes from COLUMN B in your notes tables to support your evidence, but do not go overboard- --one line minimum rule for direct quotes--use “quotation marks” and give the page number, paragraph (if available), or section of the article. 5. Conclusion: The conclusion can take many forms. Copy and paste the responses you wrote in the CONCLUSION section. 6. Works Cited: List all of the works (sources) you cited in the paper. Copy and paste the citations from Column A in each of your notes tables on a separate page and last page of your paper. Title the page, “Works Cited.” Here is the template you can follow for your rough draft and final paper.